Fe-lnduced Electronic Transfer and Structural Evolution of Lotus Pod-Like CoNiFeP_(x)@P,N-C Heterostructure for Sustainable Oxygen Evolution

Transition metal phosphides with metallic properties are a promising candidate for electrocatalytic water oxidation,and developing highly active and stable metal phosphide-based oxygen evolution reaction catalysts is still challenging.Herein,we present a facile ion exchange and phosphating processes to transform intestine-like CoNiP_(x)@P,N-C into lotus pod-like CoNiFeP_(x)@P,N-C heterostructure in which numerous P,N-codoped carboncoated CoNiFeP_(x)nanoparticles tightly anchors on the 2D carbon matrix.Meanwhile,the as-prepared CoNiFeP_(x)@P,N-C enables a core-shell structure,high specific surface area,and hierarchical pore structure,which present abundant heterointerfaces and fully exposed active sites.Notably,the incorporation of Fe can also induce electron transfer in CoNiP_(x)@P,IM-C,thereby promoting the oxygen evolution reaction.Consequently,CoNiFeP_(x)@P,IM-C delivers a low overpotential of 278 mV(vs RHE)at a current density of10 mA cm^(-1)and inherits excellent long-term stability with no observable current density decay after 30 h of chronoamperometry test.This work not only highlights heteroatom induction to tune the electronic structure but also provides a facile approach for developing advanced and stable oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts with abundant heterointerfaces.

Exchange-Correlation Functional Comparison of Electronic Energies in Atoms Using a Grid Basis

Calculation of total energies of the electronic ground states of atoms forms the basis for the frozen-core pseudopotentials used in atomistic calculations of much larger scale. Reference values for these energies provide a benchmark for the validation of new software to calculate such potentials. In addition, basic atomic-scale electronic properties such as the (first) ionization energy provide a simple check on the approximation used in the calculation method. We present a comparison of the total energies and ionization energies of atoms Z = 1 - 92 calculated in density functional theory with several levels of exchange-correlation functional and the Hartree-Fock method, comparing ionization energies to experiment. We also investigate the role of relativistic treatment on these energies.

基于金字塔池化网络的质子交换膜燃料电池气体扩散层组分推理方法

针对质子交换膜燃料电池气体扩散层(gas diffusion layer composition,GDL)形貌划分与制备工艺改进问题,提出了一种基于金字塔池化网络(pyramid scene parsing network,PSPNet)与多层感知器(multi-layer perception,MLP)的气体扩散层组分识别与比例推理方法:首先将带标签的气体扩散层扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)图片输入神经网络,得到特征图;得到的图像特征层进入金字塔池化模块后,获取SEM图像的深层和浅层特征;随后将深层和浅层特征图层融合输入全卷积网络(fully convolutional network,FCN)模块,得到预测图像;最后统计各个组分上的像素点比例,通过MLP完成组分比例推理。结果表明:所提方法组分识别像素准确率达81.24%;在5%偏差范围内,比例推理准确率为88.89%。该方法解决了气体扩散层多组分无法区分、比例无法获知的问题,可有效应用于气体扩散层的质检、数值重构以及制备工艺改进。

《废旧电器电子产品逆向物流信息追溯数据交换应用规范》标准研制

围绕研制《废旧电器电子产品逆向物流信息追溯数据交换应用规范》(TCRRA 1311-2023)团体标准,本文针对废旧电器电子产品回收处理现状,分析企业庞大异构系统与异构数据源导致逆向物流信息追溯中面临的数据交换困难的问题,通过调研我国追溯系统数据交换标准体系的相关标准建设情况,以此为基础提出了废旧电器电子产品逆向物流信息追溯数据结构模型、数据元模型和数据交换接口等关键概念与技术。该标准颁布实施对促进废旧电器电子产品回收处理行业的发展,提高追溯系统的效率和可靠性具有重要意义。

一种干部培训电子证书的生成方法与系统

在干部教育培训过程中,传统培训证书信息收集、制作、核对和分发效率低、出错率高、成本高。文章提出一种干部培训电子证书的生成方法与系统,通过报名系统获取学员数据,经Web API接口完成数据集成,并对已有电子证书中电子照片进行面部识别算法纠错预处理;进一步对电子证书加密生成PDF文件,并发布至学员终端。证书认证为数据加密逆操作,可实现对证书真伪的校验,彻底解决了干部培训证书分类整理、核对、验证、归档等一系列技术问题。

单线态裂分中间态的理论研究进展

单线态裂分是指有机材料在光激发后,从一个单重态激子转变为两个三重态激子的光物理过程。该过程有望提高光电转换效率,因而受到了广泛的关注。研究发现单线态裂分中存在一个关键的中间态,而如何构建中间态的波函数则是重要的挑战。本文着重介绍了双激发态波函数构建的两类理论模型,而后讨论了振动、轨道和自旋相互作用对中间态形成和解离的影响。最后总结了进一步的理论研究将面临的挑战。

基于数字信封的铁路电子公文交换系统的研究与实现

随着铁路信息化的不断发展,铁路企业都建立了各自的电子公文系统,用于内部公文的批示和流转,但铁路企业间及上下级企业间仍然缺乏安全有效的公文交换方式和手段。文章基于数字信封加密传输技术,设计了铁路电子公文交换系统,阐述了其系统的架构、功能和关键技术。试用表明,该系统的应用可有效提高铁路企业间的公文交换效率,降低信息泄露风险,具有一定的推广价值。

离子交换法测定碘化铅溶度积常数的实验改进

本文针对基于离子交换方法测定碘化铅溶度积常数实验时滴定终点的判定存在的问题进行了创新性改进,采用电子pH计替代传统的溴化百里酚蓝指示剂进行实验。经过对比实验研究表明:改进后的实验计算结果更精确,实验效率更高,实验稳定性得到了明显提升,有利于激发学生的科学创新精神,培养学生独立科研的动手能力,更适合作为典型本科无机化学实验室内的长期教学.

电子工程中网络通信技术的应用

随着技术的发展,电子工程越来越受到人们的关注和重视。网络通信技术在电子工程中发挥着越来越重要的作用。网络通信技术是一种能够通过计算机网络在不同地理位置的用户之间快速有效地实时交换信息、实现网络通信技术。在电子工程中,应用网络通信技术,实现了信息资源、技术等共享,有助于电子信息工程的可持续发展。在此基础上,对电子信息工程、网络通信技术进行简单论述,并以甘肃省广播电视台为例,分析了网络通信技术的主要应用内容。

MULTI-ITEM FAIR EXCHANGE SCHEME

As more business is conduced over the Internet, the fair exchange problem assumes increasing importance. However, the problem of multi-party fair exchange has not been studied as widely as the more fundamental problem of 2-party fair exchange. Recently, Franklin arid Tsudik proposed two protocols for n-party multi-item exchange on FC'98, SUCEX-1 and SUCES-2. This paper first gives an attack on the proposed protocol SUCEX-1, then presents two protocols for multi-item exchange, one is an improved protocol of SUCEX-1, another is the extension of protocol SUCEX-2.

Electronic structures and magnetic properties in SmCo_(7-x)M_x

The electronic structures and magnetic properties of SmCo7-xMx （M=Ti, Si, Zr, Hf, Cu, B, Ag, Ga, Mn） compounds are investigated by using a spin-polarized MS-Xα method. The results show that the long-range ferromagnetic order is determined by a stronger 3d-5d interaction, rather than the traditional RKKY interaction, and the effects of doping element M on 3d-5d coupling are negligible in Sm-Co-based compounds. The nonmagnetic dopant Si atoms have a larger effect on the moments of 2e site although they preferably occupy the Co 3g sites, which results in the stronger uniaxial anisotropy of this compound. Analysis of the formation energies indicates that 5d-element doped compounds are more stable than other dopants, and furthermore, they have a higher Curie temperature above room temperature, which will be in favor of their potential application as high-temperature permanent magnets.

A Protocol for Fair Electronic Purchase Based on Concurrent Signatures

E-commerce protocols for the electronic purchase of goods are difficult to design and implement due to their complexity and high security demands. Fairness of such protocols in literature highly depends on an additional TTP（trusted third party）. However, it is difficult to find such a TTP in some situations. In addition, fairness for customers has been neither fully considered nor well satisfied in existing electronic purchasing protocols. In this paper, a new protocol FEP （fair electronic purchase） without a special TTP but an online bank is presented based on a concurrent digital signature scheme. The FEP protocol guarantees fair electronic purchase of goods via electronic payment between consumers, merchants and their online banks. The protocol is practical and the analysis based on the game logics shows that it achieves the properties of viability, fairness, and timeliness.

Study of electronic and magnetic properties of MnS layers

Self-consistent ab initio calculations, based on the density functional theory （DFT） and using the full potential linear augmented plane wave （FLAPW） method, are performed to investigate both electronic and magnetic properties of the MnS layers. Polarized spin and spin-orbit coupling are included in the calculations within the framework of the antiferromagnetic state between two adjacent Mn layers. Magnetic moments considered to lie along axes are computed. Obtained data from ab initio calculations are used as input data for the high temperature series expansion （HTSE） calculations to compute other magnetic parameters. The zero-field high temperature static susceptibility series of the spin-4.39 nearest-neighbour Heisenberg model on centred face cubic （FCC） and lattices is thoroughly analysed by a power series coherent anomaly method （CAM）. The exchange interactions between the magnetic atoms, the N@el temperature, and the critical exponent associated with the magnetic susceptibility are obtained for the MnS layer.

Analysis of Electronic Structures for SmCo5 Compound

The spin-polarized MS-Xα method is employed to study the electronic structure and the magnetic property of the SmCo5 compound.According to the calculated results, the magnetic moment per Sm is 1.29μB in the SmCo5 compound, which agrees with that of experiments.The analyzed result reveals that some negative exchange couplings occurring at six energy levels induce the distinct decrease of Curie temperature and the magnetic moment per Co.The valence electron numbers of 2.48, which are derived from the orbital hybridization from s, p, d and f functions between Sm and Co atoms, are transferred to Sm(5d0) orbital.Therefore, the exchange interactions between 3d ～ 5d electrons lead to the magnetic coupling between Sm and Co, which results in the long-range ferromagnetic-order inside the SmCo5 compound.

Segmented tomographic evaluation of structural degradation of carbon support in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

The variation of the three-dimensional(3D)structure of the membrane electrode of a fuel cell during proton exchange cycling involves the corrosion/compaction of the carbon support.The increasing degradation of the carbon structure continuously reduces the electrocatalytic performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEM-FCs).This phenomenon can be explained by performing 3D tomographic analysis at the nanoscale.However,conventional tomographic approaches which present limited experimental feasibility,cannot perform such evaluation and have not provided sufficient structural information with statistical significance thus far.Therefore,a reliable methodology is required for the 3D geometrical evaluation of the carbon structure.Here,we propose a segmented tomographic approach which employs pore network analysis that enables the visualization of the geometrical parameters corresponding to the porous carbon structure at a high resolution.This approach can be utilized to evaluate the 3D structural degradation of the porous carbon structure after cycling in terms of local surface area,pore size distribution,and their 3D networking.These geometrical parameters of the carbon body were demonstrated to be substantially reduced owing to the cycling-induced degradation.This information enables a deeper understanding of the degradation phenomenon of carbon supports and can contribute to the development of stable PEM-FC electrodes.

Electron Exchange Between Oxidized and Reduerd Forms of Ferrocene Derivatives

The rates of electron exchange between oxidized and reduced forms of sev- eral derivatives of ferrocene(1-3)have been measured in acetonitrile by the NMR line h(?)oadening method at 25℃。It was found that the r(?)tes vary with the lengtn of the substitutent chain and the potential of E_(Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ))in the ferrocene derivatives.

Parametric instabilities in quantum plasmas with electron exchange-correlation effects

Parametric instabilities induced by the nonlinear interaction between high frequency quantum Langmuir waves and low frequency quantum ion-acoustic waves in quantum plasmas with the electron exchange-correlation effects are presented.By using the quantum hydrodynamic equations with the electron exchange-correlation correction,we obtain an effective quantum Zaharov model,which is then used to derive the modified dispersion relations and the growth rates of the decay and four-wave instabilities.The influences of the electron exchange-correlation effects and the quantum effects on the existence of quantum Langmuir waves and the parametric instabilities are discussed in detail.It is shown that the electron exchange-correlation effects and quantum effects are strongly coupled.The quantum Langmuir wave can propagate in quantum plasmas only when the electron exchange-correlation effects and the quantum effects satisfy a certain condition.The electron exchange-correlation effects tend to enhance the parametric instabilities,while quantum effects suppress the instabilities.

Magnetic field‐enhanced water splitting enabled by bifunctional molybdenum‐doped nickel sulfide on nickel foam

Herein,we report bifunctional molybdenum-doped nickel sulfide on nickel foam(Mo-NiS_(x)/NF)for magnetic field-enhanced overall water splitting under alkaline conditions.Proper doping of Mo can lead to optimization of the electronic structure of NiS_(x),which accelerates the dissociation of H2O and the adsorption of OH−in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)processes,respectively.In addition,the magnetically active Mo-NiS_(x)/NF can further enhance the HER and OER activity under an applied magnetic field due to the magnetoresistance effect and the ferromagnetic(FM)exchange-field penetration effect.As a result,Mo-NiS_(x)/NF requires low overpotentials of 307 mV at 50mA cm^(−2)(for OER)and 136 mV at 10mA cm^(−2)(for HER)under a magnetic field of 10000 G.Furthermore,the electrolytic cell constructed by the bifunctional Mo-NiS_(x)/NFs as both the cathode and the anode shows a low cell voltage of 1.594 V at 10 mA cm^(−2)with optimal stability over 60 h under the magnetic field.Simultaneous enhancement of the HER and OER processes by an external magnetic field through rational design of electrocatalysts might be promising for overall water splitting applications.

热电制冷片热端换热性能仿真分析

提出热电制冷片热端换热性能仿真分析,为其实际应用提供换热性能基础数据。上述方法以某品牌热电制冷散热器为研究对象,使用Icepak电子热分析仿真软件构建该散热器的热电制冷片换热仿真模型,并对该模型实施网格划分后生成热电制冷片换热计算点。通过设置热电制冷片热端换热性能仿真假设、边界条件和热电制冷片热端散热方式,使用网格划分后的热电制冷片换热仿真模型模拟不同散热方式、不同热电制冷片高度情况时热电制冷片热端换热性能。仿真结果表明,热电制冷片热端换热性能受其热电制冷片高度和散热方式影响较大,与散热器温度无关,当热电制冷片高度为2.0mm,散热方式为强制风冷散热时,热电制冷片的热端换热性能较好。

Measurements of absolute electron capture cross sections in He^(2+)–He and Ne^(8+)–O_(2'), N_(2'), CH_4 collisions

The total absolute cross sections of single-and double-electron capture (SEC and DEC) in the collisions of He^(2+)with He and Ne^(8+)with O_(2),N_(2),and CH_(4) were studied in the energy ranges 3.5–50 keV/u and 2.8–40 keV/u,respectively.Through a deep analysis of the experimental systematic uncertainties in the measurement procedure and data evaluation,the error in the experimental results of the SEC cross sections is less than 9%.Within the uncertainties,the present results of the He^(2+)–He collision show good consistency with previous measurements,validating the experimental system and paving the way for precise measurements of EC cross sections for a variety of ions and neutral gases.The present measurements allow for a test of EC theory and provide crucial EC cross section data for the establishment of plasma models in fusion research and astrophysical X-ray studies.