Significance and identification of p53 response element binding sequence in the genome of hepatitis B virus

To explore the mechanism of interaction of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with P53 protein and its role in the hepatocarcinogenesis. Methods: HBV genome was analysed by computer program. The probe containing specific DNA-protein binding site in HBV genome was synthesized and reacted with nuclei protein of hepatoma cell lines. Specific binding was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, electrophoretic mobility supershift assay and in situ ultraviolet cross-linking assay. Co-transfection was performed by using reporter gene cat, p53 and dexamethasone inducible HBx to observe the biological functions of HBV binding to p53 protein. Results: A p53 response element binding sequence is present in HBV genome at upstream of enhancer I from 1047 to 1059 hp. This sequence is capable of binding to p53 protein and increasing accumulation of p53 protein in cells. Conclusion: The results strongly suggest that DNA-protein binding of HBV with P53 protein plays a significant role and it may be the predominant mechanism in the pathogenesis of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

二阶非线性抛物方程的B样条有限元法

首先,用二次B样条有限元法求解Fisher-Kolmogorov(FK)方程,证明半离散格式与全离散格式解的稳定性与收敛性;其次,用Crank-Nicolson方法离散时间变量,得到近似解的收敛阶为O((Δt)^(2)+h^(3));最后,用数值算例验证了理论分析结果及B样条有限元法的有效性.

淫羊藿苷调控mTOR/Akt/CREB通路对高糖诱导的足细胞自噬及凋亡的影响

目的 探讨淫羊藿苷对高糖诱导的足细胞自噬、凋亡及哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)/丝氨酸苏氨酸蛋白激酶(Akt)/环磷酸腺苷反应元件结合蛋白(CREB)通路的影响。方法 将小鼠足细胞MPC5分为5组:正常对照组(5.5 mmol·L^(-1)葡萄糖)、高糖组(30 mmol·L^(-1)葡萄糖)、淫羊藿苷组(30 mmol·L^(-1)葡萄糖+5μmol·L^(-1)淫羊藿苷)、GDC-0349组(30 mmol·L^(-1)葡萄糖+50μmol·L^(-1)GDC-0349)、淫羊藿苷+GDC-0349组(30 mmol·L^(-1)葡萄糖+5μmol·L^(-1)淫羊藿苷+50μmol·L^(-1)GDC-0349)。培养48 h后,噻唑蓝法检测MPC5细胞活力;吖啶橙染色观察MPC5细胞自噬情况;流式细胞术检测MPC5细胞凋亡;蛋白印迹法检测MPC5细胞自噬[微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3)Ⅱ、LC3Ⅰ、自噬相关蛋白(Beclin-1)]、凋亡[Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)]和mTOR/Akt/CREB通路相关蛋白的表达。结果 与正常对照组比较,高糖组MPC5细胞活力、Bcl-2、磷酸化mTOR(p-mTOR)/mTOR、磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)/Akt、磷酸化CREB(p-CREB)/CREB蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.05),自噬能力增强,自噬体表现出橙色荧光,细胞凋亡率、LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ、Beclin-1、Bax蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与高糖组比较,淫羊藿苷组MPC5细胞活力、LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ、Beclin-1、Bcl-2、p-mTOR/mTOR、p-Akt/Akt、p-CREB/CREB蛋白表达水平显著升高,自噬能力进一步增强,自噬体数量增多,自噬体呈现出砖红色荧光(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率、Bax蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.05);GDC-0349组MPC5细胞活力、LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ、Beclin-1、Bcl-2、p-mTOR/mTOR、p-Akt/Akt、p-CREB/CREB蛋白表达水平显著降低,自噬能力减弱,自噬体数量减少,自噬体表现出橙色荧光(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率、Bax蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.05);淫羊藿苷+GDC-0349可逆转淫羊藿苷对高糖诱导MPC5细胞的作用效果(P<0.05)。结论 淫羊藿苷通过激活mTOR/Akt/CREB通路促进高糖诱导的足细胞自噬抑制细胞凋亡。

Two 8-node quadrilateral spline elements by B-net method

Isoparametric quadrilateral elements are widely used in the finite element method, but the accuracy of the isoparametric quadrilateral elements will drop obviously deteriorate due to mesh distortions. Spline functions have some properties of simplicity and conformality. Two 8-node quadrilateral elements have been developed using the trian- gular area coordinates and the B-net method, which can ex- actly model the quadratic field for both convex and concave quadrangles. Some appropriate examples are employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed elements. The nu- merical results show that the two spline elements can obtain solutions which are highly accurate and insensitive to mesh distortions.

ANALYSIS OF BENDING, VIBRATION AND STABILITY FOR THIN PLATE ON ELASTIC FOUNDATION BY THE MULTIVARIABLE SPLINE ELEMENT METHOD

In this paper, the bicubic splines in product form are used to construct the multi-field functions for bending moments, twisting moment and transverse displacement of the plate on elastic foundation. The multivariable spline element equations are derived, based on the mixed variational principle. The analysis and calculations of bending, vibration and stability of the plates on elastic foundation are presented in the paper. Because the field functions of plate on elastic foundation are assumed independently, the precision of the field variables of bending moments and displacement is high.

A cubic quadrilateral spline element with concave shapes

Basic requirement for applying isoparametric element is that the element has to be convex and no violent distortion is allowed. In this paper, a cubic quadrilateral spline element with 12 nodes has been developed using the triangular area coordinates and the B-net method, which can exactly model the cubic field for quadrilateral element with both convex and concave shapes. Neither mapping nor coordinate transformation is required and the spline element can obtain high accuracy solutions and insensitive to mesh distortions.

Development of quadrilateral spline thin plate elements using the B-net method

The quadrilateral discrete Kirchhoff thin plate bending element DKQ is based on the isoparametric element Q8, however, the accuracy of the isoparametric quadrilateral elements will drop significantly due to mesh distortions. In a previous work, we constructed an 8-node quadrilateral spline element L8 using the triangular area coordinates and the B- net method, which can be insensitive to mesh distortions and possess the second order completeness in the Cartesian co- ordinates. In this paper, a thin plate spline element is devel- oped based on the spline element L8 and the refined tech- nique. Numerical examples show that the present element indeed possesses higher accuracy than the DKQ element for distorted meshes.

基于BDNF/TrkB/CREB通路研究六味地黄丸对丙戊酸钠诱导的孤独症谱系障碍模型仔鼠的作用机制

目的基于脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)/酪氨酸激酶受体B(tyrosine kinase receptor B,TrkB)/cAMP反应元件结合蛋白(cAMP response element binding protein,CREB)通路,探讨六味地黄丸对丙戊酸钠(sodium valproate,VPA)诱导的孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)仔鼠的作用机制。方法将13只SD孕鼠随机分为两组,其中10只孕鼠在第12.5天时腹腔注射VPA溶液(600 mg·kg^(-1))为VPA组,另外3只孕鼠注射等体积生理盐水为对照组。第21天对两组雄性仔鼠开展行为学检测,筛选出符合ASD疾病模型的仔鼠30只,随机分为模型组(等体积生理盐水),维生素D组(1480 IU·kg^(-1)),六味地黄丸高(3 g·kg^(-1))、中(1.5 g·kg^(-1))、低(0.75 g·kg^(-1))剂量组,每组6只。正常雄性仔鼠6只,设为空白组(等体积生理盐水)。各组仔鼠连续灌胃14 d,1次/d,给药后再次开展行为学检测。尼氏染色观察各组仔鼠海马组织神经元形态学变化,比色法检测各组仔鼠海马组织中谷氨酸(glutamic acid,GLU)、γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-aminobutyric acid,GABA)含量;qRT-PCR检测各组仔鼠海马组织中BDNF、TrkB、CREB mRNA相对表达。结果与对照组比较,VPA组仔鼠体质量、身长、尾长更小(P<0.05)。与空白组比较,模型组社交障碍症状明显(P<0.01),焦虑障碍症状明显(P<0.01),重复刻板行为增多(P<0.05或P<0.01),海马神经元结构损伤,GLU升高(P<0.01)、GABA下降(P<0.01),BDNF、TrkB、CREB mRNA表达降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);与模型组比较,维生素D组及六味地黄丸中、低剂量组仔鼠社交能力增强(P<0.05或P<0.01),焦虑障碍减轻(P<0.05或P<0.01),重复刻板行为减少(P<0.01或P<0.05),海马神经元结构明显复原,GLU下降(P<0.01),BDNF、TrkB、CREB mRNA表达增加(P<0.05或P<0.01),六味地黄丸中、低剂量组GABA上升(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论六味地黄丸能显著改善VPA诱导的ASD仔鼠行为表现,增强海马组织神经元的再生与修复,其机制可能与平衡GLU、GABA水平,上调仔鼠海马组织中BDNF/TrkB/CREB的表达有关。

THE CONSTRUCTION OF WAVELET-BASED TRUNCATED CONICAL SHELL ELEMENT USING B-SPLINE WAVELET ON THE INTERVAL

Based on B-spline wavelet on the interval （BSWI）, two classes of truncated conical shell elements were constructed to solve axisymmetric problems, i.e. BSWI thin truncated conical shell element and BSWI moderately thick truncated conical shell element with independent slopedeformation interpolation. In the construction of wavelet-based element, instead of traditional polynomial interpolation, the scaling functions of BSWI were employed to form the shape functions through the constructed elemental transformation matrix, and then construct BSWI element via the variational principle. Unlike the process of direct wavelets adding in the wavelet Galerkin method, the elemental displacement field represented by the coefficients of wavelets expansion was transformed into edges and internal modes via the constructed transformation matrix. BSWI element combines the accuracy of B-spline function approximation and various wavelet-based elements for structural analysis. Some static and dynamic numerical examples of conical shells were studied to demonstrate the present element with higher efficiency and precision than the traditional element.

B、Zn元素掺杂力学增强型45S5生物活性玻璃支架

对45S5生物活性玻璃多孔支架进行B、Zn元素的掺杂,B元素有效降低了熔融法制备生物活性玻璃的熔融温度,减轻了高温对45S5玻璃生物活性的损害,SEM观察到掺B后支架显微结构变得更加致密,抗压测试结果显示掺B的玻璃支架抗压强度是纯45S5玻璃支架的2~3倍,可达9.68 MPa,表明了B对支架的力学性能亦有明显的提升作用。然而,掺入B元素会降低45S5玻璃支架的体外生物活性,过量的B掺杂还会导致支架被烧毁。在确定B元素的相对最佳掺杂浓度后,向玻璃支架中继续掺入Zn元素,能够提升支架的烧结稳定性,支架的抗压强度可继续增强,最优可达14.52 MPa,能与人体松质骨性能相匹配。同时,在SBF模拟体液中浸泡7天后支架的扫描电镜图展示了Zn元素的掺入,使得45S5玻璃支架的体外生物活性显著提升。总之,对45S5生物玻璃多孔支架进行B、Zn元素共掺,制备出了一种具有良好生物活性的力学增强型骨修复材料,具有一定骨组织工程运用价值。

MODEL B-I FOR MACRO RECTANGULAR ELEMENT AND PROBLEMS OF INFLUENCE SURFACE FOR PLATE STRUCTURES

Model B-I for marco rectangular element is presented for the first time in this paper. To establish the influence surf ace for resultant R of bending plates, a number of generalized distributive loads q are defined. It is shown by numerical examples that Model B-I and the formula for the generalized distributive loads advanced in this paper are featured by high accuracy, low memory space and flexibility in practical application, and that they are especially effective for plate structures subject to moving loads, such as the two-dimensional continuous plates of highway bridges and the flat stabs in piled jetty engineering.

电磁场B样条间断有限元方法

在计算电磁学领域,时域间断有限元算法(DGTD)一般基于模型空间的不规则网格划分和单元上高阶多项式插值计算。同样的插值阶数,二维空间四边形网格划分比三角形网格划分具有更少的自由度和更高的计算效率。然而,传统基于等参变换和多项式张量积插值的基函数空间在四边形单元上仅具有低阶完备性,且稳定性和精度受网格畸变影响较大。为此,提出了一种基于不规则四边形网格的高阶B样条插值DGTD方法,用于Maxwell方程的求解。文章采用的B样条基不仅具有高阶多项式空间的插值完备性,而且完全消除了单元内部自由度。此外,Maxwell方程离散系统的各系数矩阵还具有精确的解析形式。使用该方法分析腔体的本征模和楔形体的电磁散射,结果表明,相较于COMSOL软件最大允许时间步长提高2.5倍,计算所需未知量减少25%,证实了本文算法的高稳定性和高精度特点。

某微型电动车侧碰条件下的B柱轻量化研究

B柱加强板作为B柱最主要的支撑结构,在侧碰中起到关键的作用,在满足侧碰安全性能的前提下进行轻量化研究具有重要意义。根据GB 20071—2006《汽车侧面碰撞的乘员保护》试验要求,利用HyperWorks建立有限元模型,基于Crachfem失效模式进行仿真分析,依托成形性分析,对焊缝位置进行优化,对比B柱轻量化前后侵入量和侵入速度的变化情况,并通过试验验证。结果表明:侧碰过程中,侵入量最大的位置位于B柱的R+400 mm的位置,此处为人体的胸部肋骨区域。通过激光拼焊的方式把B柱加强板的材料由DP780改为DP780+B1500HS,不仅侧碰安全性能得到提高,而且实现轻量化减重13.2%。

Effect of minor B addition on microstructure and properties of AlCoCrFeNi multi-compenent alloy

The influences of slight amount of B element on the microstructure and properties of AlCoCrFeNiBx high entropy alloys（x = 0,0.01,…,0.09 and 0.1,mole fraction） were investigated.The AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy exhibits equiaxed grain structures with obvious composition segregation.However,with the addition of B element,the alloys exhibit dendrite structures.Inside the dendrites,spinodal decomposition structure can be clearly observed.With the addition of B element,the crystal structures change from（B2 ＋ BCC） to（B2 ＋ BCC ＋ FCC） structures,and the hardness firstly increases from HV 486.7 to HV 502.4,then declines to HV 460.7（x ≥ 0.02）.The compressive fracture strength firstly shows a trend of increasing,and then declining（x ≥ 0.08）.The coercive forces and the specific saturation magnetizations of the alloys decrease as B addition contents increase,the decreasing coercive forces show a better soft magnetic behavior.

Co、B对新型铁素体耐热钢组织和性能的影响

介绍了铁素体耐热钢的发展历程,综述了第四代耐热钢的国内外发展研究现状,重点介绍了Co和B元素对新型耐热钢组织性能的影响规律,指出优化合金元素含量提升新型耐热钢的蠕变性能和降低成本是未来发展方向。

基于B样条小波的离合器温度场有限元分析

针对传统有限元方法分析时存在的数值振荡问题,采用了基于B样条小波的有限元分析方法.以四阶B样条小波的张量积空间尺度函数作为插值函数,构造相应的小波单元,并根据离合器接合过程中摩擦副的轴对称热传导方程,结合Galerkin法建立了离合器温度场小波系数空间的有限元模型,实现了小波系数空间到物理空间的转换.通过对某装甲车换档离合器温度场数值计算分析,结果表明,在大梯度温度场问题分析上,B样条小波有限元法可有效地减少数值振荡、提高计算精度和效率,为改进离合器的摩擦副设计和接合过程控制提供了一种有效途径.

LaFe_(11.17-x)Co_(0.78)Si_(1.05)B_x合金磁热效应的研究

用工业纯原料研究了LaFe11.17-xCo0.78Si1.05Bx(x=0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5)合金在室温附近的磁热效应。B元素作为间隙原子进入晶胞,随着B含量的增加,磁相变点从x=0时的277K升高到x=0.3时的289K。同时,磁熵变和直接测量的绝热温变也随着B含量的增加而增大了,在低磁场具有较大的磁热效应。测量表明合金的热滞和磁滞均很小。

Ti、B微量元素对焊缝金属韧性的影响

研究了Ti、B微量元素对焊缝金属韧性的影响。结果表明 ,加入Ti、B微量元素有利于改善焊缝金属韧性 ;同时适当的Ti、B配比才能获得高韧性的焊缝。

微量C,B对高铌TiAl合金显微组织与力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等设备,以及拉伸和蠕变试验系统研究微量间隙元素C,B对高铌TiAl合金显微组织与力学性能的影响。微量B元素对高铌TiAl合金没有明显的强化作用,但是微量B元素在合金中以条状或点状的TiB_2存在,TiB_2细化了高铌TiAl合金原始片层团晶粒,对改善高铌TiAl合金片层组织的室温塑性有利。加微量C元素的高铌TiAl合金在长时间的蠕变过程中,大量Ti_3AlC沉淀相的析出提高了高铌TiAl合金全片层组织蠕变抗力。

薄板弯曲和振动分析的区间B样条小波有限法

基于二维张量积区间B样条小波及小波有限元理论,研究了用于薄板静动力学分析的区间B样条小波有限元法。在小波有限元用于薄板分析的列式过程中,采用区间B样条小波尺度函数对横向位移场逼近,从矩形和斜形薄板静动力学势能泛函出发,由变分原理得到小波有限元求解方程。该方法具有B样条函数数值逼近精度高和多种用于结构分析的小波基函数的特点。数值算例表明:区间B样条小波有限元法能以很少的计算自由度获得与其它方法同样的计算精度。