Effects of Different Compound Trace Element Premixed Materials on Beef Cattle Production Performance and Anti-oxidation Capacity

In this study,the effects of two types of premixed materials with different combinations of trace elements on the production performance and antioxidant capacity of simmental beef cattle were examined.Fifteen healthy simmental beef cattle of similar weight(approximately 330 kg),the same age(12 months),without castration,and a good physique were divided into three groups,with five beef cattle in each group.Food of Group Ⅰ beef cattle was supplemented with a commercially marketed 5% compound trace element premixture for fine beef cattle.Food of Group Ⅱ beef cattle was supplemented with a 5% compound microelement premixture for beef cattle that was designed to address local nutrient deficiencies and surpluses.In the blank control group,the beef cattle were not fed a premixture.The pretest period was 15 days,and the test period was divided into prefattening(45 days)and postfattening(45 days)stages.Body weight and body size indices were recorded at 1,2 and 3 months,and blood samples were collected regularly.In Group Ⅰ,the daily weight gain increased significantly by 15.7% compared with that of the control group.The largest daily weight gain was in Group Ⅱ,which increased by 31.6% compared with that in the control.During the test period of 90 days,the body size indices of the three different groups increased in different months,with significant increases in the indices for both test groups compared with those of the control.In Group Ⅰ,the activity of CP,the total activity of SOD and Cu-Zn-SOD increased significantly(p<0.05)compared with those in the control group,with a highly significant increase observed in GSH-PX activity(p<0.01).In Group Ⅱ,the increases in the activity of CP and the total activity of SOD and Cu-Zn-SOD were highly significant compared with those in the control group(p<0.01).In addition,a significant increase was observed in GSH-PX activity(p<0.05).Based on pretest results,the concentrations of Cu,Zn,Mo,Mn,Se and Co in the blood of experimental beef cattle were lower than those of the normal range.After feeding for 90 days,the concentrations of Cu,Zn,Mo,Mn,Se and Co in the blood of Groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly higher than those in the control group(p<0.05).The concentrations of elements in the blood of Group Ⅱ were close to the appropriate levels.Thus,the effects of the specifically designed compound microelement premixture on the prevention of nutrient imbalances and control of beef cattle nutrition metabolism and the production of fattened beef cattle were significant.

Electronic Structure Effect on Model Cluster for L1_2 Structure of Al_3Ti Intermetallic Compound with an Addition of Alloying Elements Fe, Ni and Cu

By use of self-consistent field Xα scattered-wave (SCF-Xα-SW) method, the electronic structure was calculated for four models of Ti4Al14X (X=Al, Fe, Ni and Cu) clusters. The Ti4Al14X cluster was developed based on L12 Al3Ti-base intermetallic compound. The results are presented using the density of states (DOS) and one-electron properties, such as relative binding tendency between the atom and the model cluster, and hybrid bonding tendency between the alloying element and the host atoms. By comparing the four models of Ti4Al14X cluster, the effect of the Fe, Ni or Cu atom on the physical properties of Al3Ti-based L12 intermetallic compounds is analyzed. The results indicate that the addition of the Fe, Ni or Cu atom intensifies the relative binding tendency between Ti atom and Ti4Al14X cluster. It was found that the Fermi level (EF) lies in a maximum in the DOS for Ti4Al14Al cluster; on the contrary, the EF comes near a minimum tn the DOS for Ti4Al14X (X=Fe, Ni and Cu) cluster. Thus the L12 crystal structure for binary Al3Ti alloy is unstable, and the addition of the Fe, Ni or Cu atom to Al3Ti is benefical to stabilize L12 crystal structure. The calculation also shows that the Fe, Ni or Cu atom strengthens the hybrid bonding tendency between the central atom and the host atoms for Ti4Al14X cluster and thereby may lead to the constriction of the lattice of Al3Ti-base intermetallic compounds.

The Stages of the Soul Through the Path of Perfection:The Journey of the Servants to the Place of Return(Seyr al-‘Ibād ilāal-Ma‘ād)

The Journey of the Servants to the Place of Return(Seyr al-‘Ibād ilāal-Ma‘ād)is an allegory mathnavi that suggests a man’s spiritual purification through a deeper understanding of creation,the influence of the planets,and the four elements on his thoughts and behaviors.Their effect will change a man’s life after his death if he does not control them.By taming the negative traits,he may enjoy the bliss of paradise if he does not control them,and may enter into the fire of hell.This mystical/literary work offers practical methods that may eliminate negative traits in an individual’s soul if he practices them.The poet emphasizes the necessity of following a master who guides the pupil through a spiritual journey to achieve perfection and become one with the Creator.

Open metallocenes——Ⅺ. A pentadienyl compound of heavier rare earth element [2,4-(CH_3)_2-η~5-C_5H_5]_3Tb·1/2THF

Perfluoroalkyl iodides reacted with conjugated dienes in aqueous acetonitrile solution in the presence of sodium dithionite at room temperature to give dimerization products, whereas, perfluo- roalkanesulfonyl bromides reacted with conjugated dienes to form 1,4-adducts under actinic irradiation.