OBJECTIVE:Angelica archangelica Linn.is widely used in food and liquor preparations and also in Kashmiri folk medicine to reduce anxiety.We evaluated the anxiolytic effect of successive extracts of A.archangelica linn...OBJECTIVE:Angelica archangelica Linn.is widely used in food and liquor preparations and also in Kashmiri folk medicine to reduce anxiety.We evaluated the anxiolytic effect of successive extracts of A.archangelica linn.(SAE) on rats tested in the elevated T-maze test(an animal model of generalized anxiety) at doses that exhibit antidepressant-like activity in humans.METHODS:A.archangelica(1 kg) was subjected to successive extraction in a soxhlet apparatus with solvents [petroleum ether(40-60℃),chloroform,ethyl acetate,methanol and decoction with water] in order of increasing polarity(yield:6.9%,7.3%,5.1%,11.88% and 8.2% w/w,respectively).SAE were evaluated for anxiolytic effects using the elevated T-maze and forced swimming tests in rats.RESULTS:Oral dosing of diazepam(1 mg/kg) and extracts(50,100 and 200 mg/kg) clearly showed an anxiolytic-like profile in the elevated T-maze test:it increased one-way escape and decreased inhibitory avoidance on the first,third and seventh day.In the forced swimming test,imipramine and SAE showed antidepressant-and anxiolytic-like effects as reflected by increased climbing time,swimming time and decreased immobility time on the first,third and seventh day.Aqueous and methanol extracts showed the most,petroleum ether(40-60℃) and chloroform intermediate,and ethyl acetate the least anxiolytic activity(*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P< 0.001) in both models.CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest the anti-anxiety activity of various extracts of A.archangelica and strongly justify its use in traditional Indian medicine for the treatment of anxiety.展开更多
目的探讨高架﹢迷宫实验(elevated plus maze,EPM)与高架〇迷宫实验(elevated zero maze,EZM)作为经典状态焦虑动物模型的相关性。方法昆明小鼠(4周龄,♂/♀)依次进行EPM、EZM,实验间隔1周,采用摄像系统记录5min行为变化,包括进入时间...目的探讨高架﹢迷宫实验(elevated plus maze,EPM)与高架〇迷宫实验(elevated zero maze,EZM)作为经典状态焦虑动物模型的相关性。方法昆明小鼠(4周龄,♂/♀)依次进行EPM、EZM,实验间隔1周,采用摄像系统记录5min行为变化,包括进入时间及进入次数;最终纳入实验参数有:开臂区进入时间百分率(Otime%)和两臂区进入总次数(Entries);采用描述性分析、聚类分析、因子分析、相关分析及一致性检验进行EPM与EZM行为模式、结构维度及相关性研究。结果t检验结果显示,与EPM相比,EZM Otime%(♂/♀/♂+♀)均降低,而Entries(♂/♂+♀)均升高,且差异有统计学意义;Fiedman检验结果显示,EPM/EZM实验参数Otime%(♂/♀/♂+♀)、Entries(♂/♀/♂+♀)重复测量片段间差异均有统计学意义;Wilcoxon检验结果显示,与EPM相比,EZM Otime%在1st min(♂/♀/♂+♀)、2nd min(♂/♀/♂+♀)、3rd min(♀/♂+♀)均降低,而Entries在1st min(♂/♂+♀)、4th min(♂/♀/♂+♀)、5th min(♂+♀)均升高,且差异有统计学意义。聚类分析结果显示,EPM/EZM实验参数可分组为EPM类和EZM类(♂/♀/♂+♀)。因子分析结果显示,EPM/EZM实验参数可提取为EPM因子和EZM因子(♂/♀/♂+♀)。相关分析结果显示,EPM和EZM实验参数Otime、Entries均具有一般或者较差相关性(♂/♀/♂+♀)。一致性检验结果显示,EPM和EZM实验参数Otime%(♂/♀/♂+♀)具有一般一致性。结论尽管EPM/EZM作为状态焦虑动物模型具有相类似内在原理,但是因为其外在环境(结构)差异性,导致EPM/EZM具有不同行为模式,分属不同结构维度,且仅具有一般相关性和一致性,而稳定性实验参数则首选Otime%。展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE:Angelica archangelica Linn.is widely used in food and liquor preparations and also in Kashmiri folk medicine to reduce anxiety.We evaluated the anxiolytic effect of successive extracts of A.archangelica linn.(SAE) on rats tested in the elevated T-maze test(an animal model of generalized anxiety) at doses that exhibit antidepressant-like activity in humans.METHODS:A.archangelica(1 kg) was subjected to successive extraction in a soxhlet apparatus with solvents [petroleum ether(40-60℃),chloroform,ethyl acetate,methanol and decoction with water] in order of increasing polarity(yield:6.9%,7.3%,5.1%,11.88% and 8.2% w/w,respectively).SAE were evaluated for anxiolytic effects using the elevated T-maze and forced swimming tests in rats.RESULTS:Oral dosing of diazepam(1 mg/kg) and extracts(50,100 and 200 mg/kg) clearly showed an anxiolytic-like profile in the elevated T-maze test:it increased one-way escape and decreased inhibitory avoidance on the first,third and seventh day.In the forced swimming test,imipramine and SAE showed antidepressant-and anxiolytic-like effects as reflected by increased climbing time,swimming time and decreased immobility time on the first,third and seventh day.Aqueous and methanol extracts showed the most,petroleum ether(40-60℃) and chloroform intermediate,and ethyl acetate the least anxiolytic activity(*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P< 0.001) in both models.CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest the anti-anxiety activity of various extracts of A.archangelica and strongly justify its use in traditional Indian medicine for the treatment of anxiety.
