Based on the structural characteristics of the double-differenced normal equation, a new method was proposed to resolve the ambiguity float solution through a selection of parameter weights to construct an appropriate...Based on the structural characteristics of the double-differenced normal equation, a new method was proposed to resolve the ambiguity float solution through a selection of parameter weights to construct an appropriate regularized matrix, and a singular decomposition method was used to generate regularization parameters. Numerical test results suggest that the regularized ambiguity float solution is more stable and reliable than the least-squares float solution. The mean square error matrix of the new method possesses a lower correlation than the variancecovariance matrix of the least-squares estimation. The size of the ambiguity search space is reduced and the search efficiency is improved. The success rate of the integer ambiguity searching process is improved significantly when the ambiguity resolution by using constraint equation method is used to determine the correct ambiguity integervector. The ambiguity resolution by using constraint equation method requires an initial input of the ambiguity float solution candidates which are obtained from the LAMBDA method in the new method. In addition, the observation time required to fix reliable integer ambiguities can he significantly reduced.展开更多
The absolute and relative rates of rise of the sea level are computed for the New York City area by coupling global positioning system records of the position of fixed domes nearby tide gauges,with the tide gauges’re...The absolute and relative rates of rise of the sea level are computed for the New York City area by coupling global positioning system records of the position of fixed domes nearby tide gauges,with the tide gauges’records.Two tide gauges are considered,one long-term trend,more reliable,The Battery,in lower Manhattan,and one shorter,less reliable,Sandy Hook,in New Jersey.The relative rates of rise of the sea level are+2.851 and+4.076 mm/yr.The subsidence rates are-2.151 and-3.076 mm/yr.The absolute rates of rise of the sea level are+0.7 and+1.0 mm/yr.The relative sea-level acceleration,reliable only in The Battery,is about+0.008 mm/yr².This acceleration is about the same as the world average long-term trend tide gauge,as well as the average long-term trend tide gauge of the East Coast of North America.The absolute rate of rise of the sea level by 2050 in the lower Manhattan area will be likely less than 30 mm,and the absolute rate of rise of the sea level by 2100 likely less than 80 mm.The relative rate of rise of the sea level by 2050 in the Manhattan area will be likely 85 mm,and the relative rate of rise of the sea level by 2100 likely 228 mm,because of the overwhelming subsidence contribution.展开更多
为了解中国女子曲棍球比赛的运动负荷特征及运动员在场上的跑动位置和轨迹,应用GPSports Systems SPI 10运动监测系统及Polar团队心率表,对国家女子曲棍球队主力运动员26人备战2008年奥运会期间1～4月24场比赛数据进行整理分析。主要研...为了解中国女子曲棍球比赛的运动负荷特征及运动员在场上的跑动位置和轨迹,应用GPSports Systems SPI 10运动监测系统及Polar团队心率表,对国家女子曲棍球队主力运动员26人备战2008年奥运会期间1～4月24场比赛数据进行整理分析。主要研究表明,我国优秀女曲运动员在场上比赛表现出明显的项目特征:高强度、高对抗,对各个位置运动员的体能要求都很高。由多种不同形式的运动方式穿插在一起组合而成,在场地上约15%的时间是间歇性短距离快跑形式(无氧代谢),约85%的时间是慢跑、走动或原地休息的运动形式(有氧代谢)。快速冲刺能力与国际高水平队存在一定差距。展开更多
文摘Based on the structural characteristics of the double-differenced normal equation, a new method was proposed to resolve the ambiguity float solution through a selection of parameter weights to construct an appropriate regularized matrix, and a singular decomposition method was used to generate regularization parameters. Numerical test results suggest that the regularized ambiguity float solution is more stable and reliable than the least-squares float solution. The mean square error matrix of the new method possesses a lower correlation than the variancecovariance matrix of the least-squares estimation. The size of the ambiguity search space is reduced and the search efficiency is improved. The success rate of the integer ambiguity searching process is improved significantly when the ambiguity resolution by using constraint equation method is used to determine the correct ambiguity integervector. The ambiguity resolution by using constraint equation method requires an initial input of the ambiguity float solution candidates which are obtained from the LAMBDA method in the new method. In addition, the observation time required to fix reliable integer ambiguities can he significantly reduced.
文摘The absolute and relative rates of rise of the sea level are computed for the New York City area by coupling global positioning system records of the position of fixed domes nearby tide gauges,with the tide gauges’records.Two tide gauges are considered,one long-term trend,more reliable,The Battery,in lower Manhattan,and one shorter,less reliable,Sandy Hook,in New Jersey.The relative rates of rise of the sea level are+2.851 and+4.076 mm/yr.The subsidence rates are-2.151 and-3.076 mm/yr.The absolute rates of rise of the sea level are+0.7 and+1.0 mm/yr.The relative sea-level acceleration,reliable only in The Battery,is about+0.008 mm/yr².This acceleration is about the same as the world average long-term trend tide gauge,as well as the average long-term trend tide gauge of the East Coast of North America.The absolute rate of rise of the sea level by 2050 in the lower Manhattan area will be likely less than 30 mm,and the absolute rate of rise of the sea level by 2100 likely less than 80 mm.The relative rate of rise of the sea level by 2050 in the Manhattan area will be likely 85 mm,and the relative rate of rise of the sea level by 2100 likely 228 mm,because of the overwhelming subsidence contribution.
文摘为了解中国女子曲棍球比赛的运动负荷特征及运动员在场上的跑动位置和轨迹,应用GPSports Systems SPI 10运动监测系统及Polar团队心率表,对国家女子曲棍球队主力运动员26人备战2008年奥运会期间1～4月24场比赛数据进行整理分析。主要研究表明,我国优秀女曲运动员在场上比赛表现出明显的项目特征:高强度、高对抗,对各个位置运动员的体能要求都很高。由多种不同形式的运动方式穿插在一起组合而成,在场地上约15%的时间是间歇性短距离快跑形式(无氧代谢),约85%的时间是慢跑、走动或原地休息的运动形式(有氧代谢)。快速冲刺能力与国际高水平队存在一定差距。
