Phytophthora elicitor PB90 induced apoptosis in suspension cultures of tobacco

The protein elicitor PB90 secreted by Phytophthora boehmeriae is an efficient elicitor inducing the hypersensitive response and systemic acquired resistance in tobacco plants. Here, we observed cell death in suspension-cultured cells of Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 with PB90 treatment using Trypan blue staining method. And this cell death could be suppressed by cycloheximide, an inhibitor of proteins synthesis, which implies that PB90-induced cell death was an active cell death process requiring new protein synthesis. DAPI staining revealed that PB90 induce rapid chromatin condensation, margination, apoptotic bodies' formation and DNA laddering, further TUNEL assay also observed the specific breakage of 3′-OH ends. All of the above common morphological characteristics indicated that PB90 induced apoptosis in suspension cultures of tobacco, suggesting that hypersensitive response induced by PB90 is an apoptotic process.

H_2O_2、NO和Ca^(2+)参与疫病菌激发子PB90诱导烟草气孔的关闭

本文研究了过氧化氢(H2O2)、一氧化氮(NO)和Ca2+在棉疫病菌激发子PB90诱导烟草气孔运动中的作用。1nm o l/L激发子PB90可诱导野生型烟草Bel-W 3气孔关闭,且在相同条件下该激发子诱导反义抑制抗坏血酸过氧化物酶anti-APX烟草气孔关闭的孔径比野生型的更小;进一步药理学证明,抗氧化剂DTT和NADPH氧化酶抑制剂DPI(d ipheny-lene iodonium)、一氧化氮合酶(NO S)抑制剂L-NAM E、Ca2+螯合剂EGTA和Ca2+信号途径中CaM PKⅡ的竞争抑制剂KN93与磷脂酶C抑制剂U73122都能抵消PB90诱导气孔关闭的效应。推测该激发子PB90通过NADPH氧化酶途径形成H2O2、NO S途径形成NO和Ca2+信号途径进而诱导气孔关闭。表明H2O2、NO、Ca2+在激发子PB90诱导气孔关闭信号传递中作为第二信使起着重要的作用。

疫霉蛋白激发子PB90对病原菌生长与致病力的影响

激发子PB90是由棉疫病菌分泌的可诱发非寄主植物系统获得抗病性的一类新型蛋白激发子。本文就该激发子在棉疫病菌生长发育及致病过程中的作用进行了研究。采用胶体金标记发现该激发子主要分布在棉疫病菌的细胞壁上,该激发子可以分泌到细胞外;在离体条件下,PB90的多克隆抗体并不抑制棉疫病菌游动孢子的萌发和孢子萌发后形成菌落的能力,而且抗体包埋的游动孢子仍能激发非寄主植物烟草的过敏性坏死反应;但是,抗体的包埋处理可以使棉疫病菌的游动孢子丧失对棉花的致病力。结果表明,特异性存在于细胞壁上的疫霉蛋白激发子PB90是棉疫病菌的一种重要的毒性因子,在病菌对棉花的致病过程中具有重要作用;此外本研究结果还提示PB90并不是惟一能诱导非寄主烟草过敏性反应的棉疫病菌激发子,除了PB90之外,棉疫病菌还能产生其它的激发子诱导烟草的过敏性坏死反应。