This study analyzed the difference between using a downward breaststroke kick and a horizontal breaststroke kick in a sample of world class elite swimmers.We compared average muscle activity of the gluteus maximus,qua...This study analyzed the difference between using a downward breaststroke kick and a horizontal breaststroke kick in a sample of world class elite swimmers.We compared average muscle activity of the gluteus maximus,quadriceps femoris(vastus medialis and rectus femoris),hamstring/long head of the biceps femoris,gastrocnemius medialis,rectus abdominal,and erector spinae when using the downward breaststroke kick technique.We find that when this sample of swimmers utilized the downward breaststroke kick,max speed and velocity per stroke increased,measured by 12,788 EMG samples,where the results are highly correlated to duration of the aerodynamic buoyant force in breaststroke kick technique.The increases in performance observed from measuring the world class elite swimmers is highly correlated to the duration of the kick aerodynamic buoyant force.Among this sample of elite swimmers,the longer a swimmer demonstrates a buoyant force breaststroke kick,the lower the time in a 100 breaststroke.展开更多
Efficient speed controllers for dynamic driving tasks in autonomous vehicles are crucial for ensuring safety and reliability.This study proposes a novel approach for designing a fractional order proportional-integral-...Efficient speed controllers for dynamic driving tasks in autonomous vehicles are crucial for ensuring safety and reliability.This study proposes a novel approach for designing a fractional order proportional-integral-derivative(FOPID)controller that utilizes a modified elite opposition-based artificial hummingbird algorithm(m-AHA)for optimal parameter tuning.Our approach outperforms existing optimization techniques on benchmark functions,and we demonstrate its effectiveness in controlling cruise control systems with increased flexibility and precision.Our study contributes to the advancement of autonomous vehicle technology by introducing a novel and efficient method for FOPID controller design that can enhance the driving experience while ensuring safety and reliability.We highlight the significance of our findings by demonstrating how our approach can improve the performance,safety,and reliability of autonomous vehicles.This study’s contributions are particularly relevant in the context of the growing demand for autonomous vehicles and the need for advanced control techniques to ensure their safe operation.Our research provides a promising avenue for further research and development in this area.展开更多
Perceive a new tendency,see a new future,take advantage of new technologies and lead a new wave!From Mar.23rd-25th,the“2023 China Surfactant Industry Conference”and“2023 China International Surfactant Industry Expo...Perceive a new tendency,see a new future,take advantage of new technologies and lead a new wave!From Mar.23rd-25th,the“2023 China Surfactant Industry Conference”and“2023 China International Surfactant Industry Expo”were held fervently at Guangzhou Nanfeng Langham Hotel.This grand event was sponsored by China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry,undertaken by China Daily Chemical Industry Information Center and Surfactant&Detergent Industry Productivity Promotion Center.展开更多
Two-line hybrid rice with excellent quality is preferred in the Chinese market.However,there is a trade-off between reducing costs for hybrid seed production and lowering the outcrossing rate of the sterile line,which...Two-line hybrid rice with excellent quality is preferred in the Chinese market.However,there is a trade-off between reducing costs for hybrid seed production and lowering the outcrossing rate of the sterile line,which is largely determined by the stigma exsertion rate(SER).In this study,we constructed mutants of male sterility lines with improved grain length(GL)and SER in three elite early-season indica rice varieties through targeted manipulation of the TMS5 and GS3 genes using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex systems.We obtained a series of marker-free gs3 single mutants and gs3tms5 double mutants with significantly higher SER,longer grains,and increased 1000-grain weight compared with the wild type(WT).Importantly,the typically thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(TGMS)trait with a higher SER was observed in gs3tms5 mutants,and their F1 hybrids exhibited remarkable improvements in grain shape and yield-related traits.Our findings provided an efficient method to generate new valuable TGMS germplasm with improved SER through the mutagenesis of GS3 and TMS5 synergistically,and demonstrated that GS3 had pleiotropic effects on grain size,SER,and grain quality in early-season indica rice.展开更多
The development and wide application of genetic transformation for cotton improvement are restrained by the unresolved problem of genotype dependence in regeneration in vitro.High embryogenic and regenerative potentia...The development and wide application of genetic transformation for cotton improvement are restrained by the unresolved problem of genotype dependence in regeneration in vitro.High embryogenic and regenerative potential have been obtained for limited number of Coker type genotypes。展开更多
Decentralized methods for targeting poverty are widely adopted in developing countries to improve the performance of various poverty alleviation programs.A common challenge for implementing successful decentralized ta...Decentralized methods for targeting poverty are widely adopted in developing countries to improve the performance of various poverty alleviation programs.A common challenge for implementing successful decentralized targeting is the existence of elite capture.China has recently implemented a nationwide decentralized poverty targeting program,the targeted poverty alleviation(TPA)policy,to achieve the national goal of eliminating absolute poverty by the end of 2020.As the largest decentralized poverty targeting program in the world,TPA's successful implementation was believed to be threatened by elite capture in some earlier reports.Since 2015,a targeting correction mechanism,called"follow-up checks"policy,has been introduced.With the"follow-up checks"policy,the elites and other ineligible households who receive benefits under TPA were removed from the program.This paper investigates the elite capture phenomenon in TPA using village census data from a poverty-stricken county in 2017-two years after implementing the"follow-up checks"policy.We find no evidence of elite capture in TPA.The elites are unlikely to become beneficiaries or receive more benefits than non-elites.Our results contradict earlier findings that reported elite capture in TPA.We argue that the reason is the accountability emphasized by the central government in the"follow-up checks"policy.Our findings imply that having proper accountability is critical for improving targeting performance by global antipoverty initiatives.展开更多
Abundant genetic diversity and rational population structure of germplasm benefit crop breeding greatly.To investigate genetic variation among geographically diverse set of japonica germplasm,we analyzed 233 japonica ...Abundant genetic diversity and rational population structure of germplasm benefit crop breeding greatly.To investigate genetic variation among geographically diverse set of japonica germplasm,we analyzed 233 japonica rice cultivars collected from Liaoning,Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces of China,which were released from 1970 to 2011 by using 62 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers and 8 functional gene tags related to yield.A total of 195 alleles(N_a) were detected with an average of 3.61 per locus,indicating a low level of genetic diversity level among all individuals.The genetic diversity of the cultivars from Jilin Province was the highest among the three geographic distribution zones.Moreover,the genetic diversity was increased slightly with the released period of cultivars from 1970 to 2011.The analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) revealed that genetic differentiation was more diverse within the populations than that among the populations.The neighbor-joining(NJ) tree indicated that cultivar clusters based on geographic distribution represented three independent groups,among which the cluster of cultivars from Heilongjiang is distinctly different to the cluster of cultivars from Liaoning.For the examined functional genes,two or three allelic variations for each were detected,except for IPA1 and GW2,and most of elite genes had been introgressed in modem japonica rice varieties.These results provide a valuable evaluation for genetic backgrounds of current japonica rice and will be used directly for japonica rice breeding in future.展开更多
The Green Revolution gene sd1 has been used extensively in modern rice breeding,especially in indica cultivars.However,elite sd1 alleles and related germplasm resources used for japonica rice breeding have not been id...The Green Revolution gene sd1 has been used extensively in modern rice breeding,especially in indica cultivars.However,elite sd1 alleles and related germplasm resources used for japonica rice breeding have not been identified,and extensive efforts are needed for japonica rice breeding to obtain new dwarfing sources.Data from MBKbase-Rice revealed seven sd1 haplotypes in indica and four in japonica rice.Two new sd1 alleles were identified in indica rice.In 295 japonica accessions from northeast Asia,except for the weak functional allele SD1-EQ,sd1-r was the major allele,reducing plant height in comparison with SD1-EQ.Japonica germplasm resources carrying reported sd1 alleles were identified by genotype searching and further verified by literature search,genealogical analysis,and d Caps markers.Pedigrees and geographic distribution showed that sd1-r is an excellent allele widely used in northern China and Tohoku in Japan,and sd1-j is commonly used in east China and Kyushu in Japan.Dongnong-and Xiushui-series cultivars carrying sd1-r and sd1-j,respectively,are essential branches of the backbone parents of Chinese japonica rice,Akihikari and Ce21,with the largest number of descendants and derived generations.In semi-dwarf japonica rice breeding,sd1-d was introgressed into Daohuaxiang 2(DHX2).Dwarf and semi-dwarf lines carrying sd1-d were selected and designated as 1279 and 1280,respectively,after withstanding typhoon-induced strong winds and heavy rains in 2020,and are anticipated to become useful intermediate materials for future genetic research and breeding.This work will facilitate the introduction,parental selection,and marker-assisted breeding,and provide a material basis for the next step in identifying favorable genes that selected together with the sd1 alleles in japonica backbone parents.展开更多
Based on the theory of collective action and social capital theory,social capital is introduced into the game analysis of the supply of public goods between the rural elite and ordinary villagers.I establish the incom...Based on the theory of collective action and social capital theory,social capital is introduced into the game analysis of the supply of public goods between the rural elite and ordinary villagers.I establish the income model of public goods utility concerning the rural elite and ordinary villagers;research the incentive of social capital for the rural elite and villagers,and impact of social capital on the rural elite and villagers.Three inferences can be drawn from the model:the precondition for the elite to prompt the collective cooperation is having " good reputation" ;" good reputation" of the elite in the supply of public goods can abate farmers' motive of " free rider" ;the role of the elite in organizing the supply of public goods can save the transaction costs in the process of collective action.Taking the case of Shunhe Village,Panyu District,Guangzhou City,I explain this model.Finally,some policy recommendations are put forth as follows:rebuilding the community credit;giving full play to the role of the rural elite in the supply of public goods in rural areas.展开更多
Under the violent impact of the social transformation period,traditional cultural heritage faces a great crisis of protection,inheritance and development.In the context of collapse of basic structure of traditional ru...Under the violent impact of the social transformation period,traditional cultural heritage faces a great crisis of protection,inheritance and development.In the context of collapse of basic structure of traditional rural society,the protection of traditional cultural heritage becomes an important task in the new period.Although both the state and the society attach great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage,it still faces a huge crisis of disappearance.In the system,this is because cultural elite list system and intangible cultural heritage protection system are confronted with many practical problems.The cultural elite of the rural society,as main group of intangible culture inheritance,is always ignored and this has become a hidden trouble for cultural heritage protection.In this situation,it is recommended to constantly restore excellent cultural ecological environment,improve the supporting facilities of the intangible cultural protection system,cultivate cultural elites of rural areas at the level of endogenous driving force,improve the rural centripetal force centering on cultural elites,restore its functions in transmitting culture and guiding value in rural society,and rebuild the folk cultural elite regeneration mechanism,so as to real y push the intangible cultural heritage protection towards the sustainable development of inheritance.展开更多
Occupational Therapy is critically underdeveloped in many developing countries in Asia. There are many internal and external barriers to the growth of the profession, including lack of willpower and lack of profession...Occupational Therapy is critically underdeveloped in many developing countries in Asia. There are many internal and external barriers to the growth of the profession, including lack of willpower and lack of professional representation in the government. This article aims to communicate the postulations for its stagnation across developing countries in Asia. An analytical reflection and historical review of the barriers to the growth of occupational therapy in Malaysia was conducted. Leaders in the field who met the inclusion criteria, collaborated to shape the reconstructions using an occupational reconstruction approach. The reconstruction guided key critical reflections on the roots of daily experiences to relive the cooperative action to problem solve the issues encountered by the profession in Malaysia. Medical hegemony was found as the active suppressor of the health professions, and can be seen as being beyond reproach in the Asian’s medical model that created occupational injustices. These occupational injustices hinder the growth of Occupational Therapy, do not serve the patients, science or the overall healthcare system. Autocratic governance has a debilitating impact on health sciences and its workforce especially around badly oppressed Asian countries. A greater systematic approach is needed to examine the extent, effect, problem solve and remediate the magnitude of injustices over the last decade—to make way for an inclusive and affordable care system.展开更多
Educational cooperation is one of the key factors to embody humanistic exchanges and promote the development of international relations.Through the analysis of four survey reports on China-U.S.educational cooperation,...Educational cooperation is one of the key factors to embody humanistic exchanges and promote the development of international relations.Through the analysis of four survey reports on China-U.S.educational cooperation,it is found that American policy elites generally attach importance to the distribution of power,the application of law,mutual benefit between the two countries in educational cooperation,and pay attention to the potential motivation and influence of China.China should rationally refer to the views and suggestions,strengthen the effectiveness of dialogue mechanism,enhance the credibility of international discourse,and at the same time encourage the negotiation and governance among cooperative universities,so as to promote the stable and sustainable development of education cooperation.展开更多
Background:Developing context-specific,evidence-informed,and implementable injury-prevention programs is challenging.Women playing in the elite Australian Football League for Women are at high risk of serious knee inj...Background:Developing context-specific,evidence-informed,and implementable injury-prevention programs is challenging.Women playing in the elite Australian Football League for Women are at high risk of serious knee injuries,and no specific injury-prevention program exists.The objective of the study was to describe the collaborative process used to create a context-specific injury-prevention program.Methods:A previously used intervention-development process was modified to incorporate a partnership with the sport’s governing organization and focus on engaging program implementers.The Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation and Maintenance(RE-AIM)Sports Setting Matrix guided program development and implementation strategies.Results:The 7-step process,aligned with the RE-AIM Sports Setting Matrix,was applied to develop the injury-prevention program and was titled Prep to Play PRO.The steps were:(Step 1)gaining organizational support and establishing a project partnership;(Step 2)using research evidence and clinical experience;(Step 3)consulting content and context experts;(Step 4)engaging the organization,experts,program implementers,and end-users to concreate the intervention and develop implementation strategies;(Step 5)testing the intervention acceptability and feasibility;(Step 6)evaluating the intervention and implementation strategies against theory;and(Step 7)obtaining feedback from early implementers and end-users.Conclusion:Engaging critical stakeholders at multiple ecological levels(organization,team,and athlete)throughout program development and implementation planning support real-world use.The processes and activities described can guide future sports injury-prevention program development and implementation.展开更多
The famous English writer William Golding’s masterpiece Lord of the Flies is a modernist novel which has a profound educational significance to the people all over the world.The work mainly tells a story that a group...The famous English writer William Golding’s masterpiece Lord of the Flies is a modernist novel which has a profound educational significance to the people all over the world.The work mainly tells a story that a group of boys landed on a coral land because of an air crash.After the failure of their practice of transforming their“micro association”,these“angel like”children became the“evil demons”.The novel expresses the author's implicit view of Britain's elite education and expectations for the future.In this paper,I will discuss the cause and effect of the British elite education from the work.From the research of the British elite education,readers can have a better understanding of the author’s implied educational thought.展开更多
The disintegration of networks is a widely researched topic with significant applications in fields such as counterterrorism and infectious disease control. While the traditional approaches for achieving network disin...The disintegration of networks is a widely researched topic with significant applications in fields such as counterterrorism and infectious disease control. While the traditional approaches for achieving network disintegration involve identifying critical sets of nodes or edges, limited research has been carried out on edge-based disintegration strategies. We propose a novel algorithm, i.e., a rank aggregation elite enumeration algorithm based on edge-coupled networks(RAEEC),which aims to implement tiling for edge-coupled networks by finding important sets of edges in the network while balancing effectiveness and efficiency. Our algorithm is based on a two-layer edge-coupled network model with one-to-one links, and utilizes three advanced edge importance metrics to rank the edges separately. A comprehensive ranking of edges is obtained using a rank aggregation approach proposed in this study. The top few edges from the ranking set obtained by RAEEC are then used to generate an enumeration set, which is continuously iteratively updated to identify the set of elite attack edges.We conduct extensive experiments on synthetic networks to evaluate the performance of our proposed method, and the results indicate that RAEEC achieves a satisfactory balance between efficiency and effectiveness. Our approach represents a significant contribution to the field of network disintegration, particularly for edge-based strategies.展开更多
Rice panicle branches are key routes for transportation of photo synthetic products to grains.Branch senescence is an important trait that the breeders considered when breeding elite rice cultivars in South China.Howe...Rice panicle branches are key routes for transportation of photo synthetic products to grains.Branch senescence is an important trait that the breeders considered when breeding elite rice cultivars in South China.However,little is known about the mechanisms underlying the contributions of stay-green panicle branches to rice yield and quality.Here,we reported stay-green branches that continuously maintained transportation function and provided carbohydrates for basal grain development at the late stages of rice development.This ensured the coordination of development between apical and basal grains,and further improved the processing quality of elite rice.These findings provided strategies for improving the fullness and quality of rice grains and presented an important basis for cultivating elite rice.展开更多
文摘This study analyzed the difference between using a downward breaststroke kick and a horizontal breaststroke kick in a sample of world class elite swimmers.We compared average muscle activity of the gluteus maximus,quadriceps femoris(vastus medialis and rectus femoris),hamstring/long head of the biceps femoris,gastrocnemius medialis,rectus abdominal,and erector spinae when using the downward breaststroke kick technique.We find that when this sample of swimmers utilized the downward breaststroke kick,max speed and velocity per stroke increased,measured by 12,788 EMG samples,where the results are highly correlated to duration of the aerodynamic buoyant force in breaststroke kick technique.The increases in performance observed from measuring the world class elite swimmers is highly correlated to the duration of the kick aerodynamic buoyant force.Among this sample of elite swimmers,the longer a swimmer demonstrates a buoyant force breaststroke kick,the lower the time in a 100 breaststroke.
文摘Efficient speed controllers for dynamic driving tasks in autonomous vehicles are crucial for ensuring safety and reliability.This study proposes a novel approach for designing a fractional order proportional-integral-derivative(FOPID)controller that utilizes a modified elite opposition-based artificial hummingbird algorithm(m-AHA)for optimal parameter tuning.Our approach outperforms existing optimization techniques on benchmark functions,and we demonstrate its effectiveness in controlling cruise control systems with increased flexibility and precision.Our study contributes to the advancement of autonomous vehicle technology by introducing a novel and efficient method for FOPID controller design that can enhance the driving experience while ensuring safety and reliability.We highlight the significance of our findings by demonstrating how our approach can improve the performance,safety,and reliability of autonomous vehicles.This study’s contributions are particularly relevant in the context of the growing demand for autonomous vehicles and the need for advanced control techniques to ensure their safe operation.Our research provides a promising avenue for further research and development in this area.
文摘Perceive a new tendency,see a new future,take advantage of new technologies and lead a new wave!From Mar.23rd-25th,the“2023 China Surfactant Industry Conference”and“2023 China International Surfactant Industry Expo”were held fervently at Guangzhou Nanfeng Langham Hotel.This grand event was sponsored by China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry,undertaken by China Daily Chemical Industry Information Center and Surfactant&Detergent Industry Productivity Promotion Center.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant Nos.LY24C130004,LY22C135104,and LY23C130002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31501288)+1 种基金the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding,China(Grant No.20210207)Central Publicinterest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,China(Grant No.CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202203).
文摘Two-line hybrid rice with excellent quality is preferred in the Chinese market.However,there is a trade-off between reducing costs for hybrid seed production and lowering the outcrossing rate of the sterile line,which is largely determined by the stigma exsertion rate(SER).In this study,we constructed mutants of male sterility lines with improved grain length(GL)and SER in three elite early-season indica rice varieties through targeted manipulation of the TMS5 and GS3 genes using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex systems.We obtained a series of marker-free gs3 single mutants and gs3tms5 double mutants with significantly higher SER,longer grains,and increased 1000-grain weight compared with the wild type(WT).Importantly,the typically thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(TGMS)trait with a higher SER was observed in gs3tms5 mutants,and their F1 hybrids exhibited remarkable improvements in grain shape and yield-related traits.Our findings provided an efficient method to generate new valuable TGMS germplasm with improved SER through the mutagenesis of GS3 and TMS5 synergistically,and demonstrated that GS3 had pleiotropic effects on grain size,SER,and grain quality in early-season indica rice.
文摘The development and wide application of genetic transformation for cotton improvement are restrained by the unresolved problem of genotype dependence in regeneration in vitro.High embryogenic and regenerative potential have been obtained for limited number of Coker type genotypes。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71661147001 and 71603228)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M630687 and 2018T110607)the Zhejiang University-IFPRI Center for International Development Studies。
文摘Decentralized methods for targeting poverty are widely adopted in developing countries to improve the performance of various poverty alleviation programs.A common challenge for implementing successful decentralized targeting is the existence of elite capture.China has recently implemented a nationwide decentralized poverty targeting program,the targeted poverty alleviation(TPA)policy,to achieve the national goal of eliminating absolute poverty by the end of 2020.As the largest decentralized poverty targeting program in the world,TPA's successful implementation was believed to be threatened by elite capture in some earlier reports.Since 2015,a targeting correction mechanism,called"follow-up checks"policy,has been introduced.With the"follow-up checks"policy,the elites and other ineligible households who receive benefits under TPA were removed from the program.This paper investigates the elite capture phenomenon in TPA using village census data from a poverty-stricken county in 2017-two years after implementing the"follow-up checks"policy.We find no evidence of elite capture in TPA.The elites are unlikely to become beneficiaries or receive more benefits than non-elites.Our results contradict earlier findings that reported elite capture in TPA.We argue that the reason is the accountability emphasized by the central government in the"follow-up checks"policy.Our findings imply that having proper accountability is critical for improving targeting performance by global antipoverty initiatives.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371586)the Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University(LNET),China(LJQ2013075)
文摘Abundant genetic diversity and rational population structure of germplasm benefit crop breeding greatly.To investigate genetic variation among geographically diverse set of japonica germplasm,we analyzed 233 japonica rice cultivars collected from Liaoning,Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces of China,which were released from 1970 to 2011 by using 62 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers and 8 functional gene tags related to yield.A total of 195 alleles(N_a) were detected with an average of 3.61 per locus,indicating a low level of genetic diversity level among all individuals.The genetic diversity of the cultivars from Jilin Province was the highest among the three geographic distribution zones.Moreover,the genetic diversity was increased slightly with the released period of cultivars from 1970 to 2011.The analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) revealed that genetic differentiation was more diverse within the populations than that among the populations.The neighbor-joining(NJ) tree indicated that cultivar clusters based on geographic distribution represented three independent groups,among which the cluster of cultivars from Heilongjiang is distinctly different to the cluster of cultivars from Liaoning.For the examined functional genes,two or three allelic variations for each were detected,except for IPA1 and GW2,and most of elite genes had been introgressed in modem japonica rice varieties.These results provide a valuable evaluation for genetic backgrounds of current japonica rice and will be used directly for japonica rice breeding in future.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24020301)Young Scientists Fund(CN)(31900423)+1 种基金Excellent Youth Foundation for Heilongjiang Scientific Committee(JC2017009)Cooperative Innovation Extension System of Rice Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology in Heilongjiang province。
文摘The Green Revolution gene sd1 has been used extensively in modern rice breeding,especially in indica cultivars.However,elite sd1 alleles and related germplasm resources used for japonica rice breeding have not been identified,and extensive efforts are needed for japonica rice breeding to obtain new dwarfing sources.Data from MBKbase-Rice revealed seven sd1 haplotypes in indica and four in japonica rice.Two new sd1 alleles were identified in indica rice.In 295 japonica accessions from northeast Asia,except for the weak functional allele SD1-EQ,sd1-r was the major allele,reducing plant height in comparison with SD1-EQ.Japonica germplasm resources carrying reported sd1 alleles were identified by genotype searching and further verified by literature search,genealogical analysis,and d Caps markers.Pedigrees and geographic distribution showed that sd1-r is an excellent allele widely used in northern China and Tohoku in Japan,and sd1-j is commonly used in east China and Kyushu in Japan.Dongnong-and Xiushui-series cultivars carrying sd1-r and sd1-j,respectively,are essential branches of the backbone parents of Chinese japonica rice,Akihikari and Ce21,with the largest number of descendants and derived generations.In semi-dwarf japonica rice breeding,sd1-d was introgressed into Daohuaxiang 2(DHX2).Dwarf and semi-dwarf lines carrying sd1-d were selected and designated as 1279 and 1280,respectively,after withstanding typhoon-induced strong winds and heavy rains in 2020,and are anticipated to become useful intermediate materials for future genetic research and breeding.This work will facilitate the introduction,parental selection,and marker-assisted breeding,and provide a material basis for the next step in identifying favorable genes that selected together with the sd1 alleles in japonica backbone parents.
文摘Based on the theory of collective action and social capital theory,social capital is introduced into the game analysis of the supply of public goods between the rural elite and ordinary villagers.I establish the income model of public goods utility concerning the rural elite and ordinary villagers;research the incentive of social capital for the rural elite and villagers,and impact of social capital on the rural elite and villagers.Three inferences can be drawn from the model:the precondition for the elite to prompt the collective cooperation is having " good reputation" ;" good reputation" of the elite in the supply of public goods can abate farmers' motive of " free rider" ;the role of the elite in organizing the supply of public goods can save the transaction costs in the process of collective action.Taking the case of Shunhe Village,Panyu District,Guangzhou City,I explain this model.Finally,some policy recommendations are put forth as follows:rebuilding the community credit;giving full play to the role of the rural elite in the supply of public goods in rural areas.
基金Sponsored by Key Project of National Social Science Foundation(14ZDA064)
文摘Under the violent impact of the social transformation period,traditional cultural heritage faces a great crisis of protection,inheritance and development.In the context of collapse of basic structure of traditional rural society,the protection of traditional cultural heritage becomes an important task in the new period.Although both the state and the society attach great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage,it still faces a huge crisis of disappearance.In the system,this is because cultural elite list system and intangible cultural heritage protection system are confronted with many practical problems.The cultural elite of the rural society,as main group of intangible culture inheritance,is always ignored and this has become a hidden trouble for cultural heritage protection.In this situation,it is recommended to constantly restore excellent cultural ecological environment,improve the supporting facilities of the intangible cultural protection system,cultivate cultural elites of rural areas at the level of endogenous driving force,improve the rural centripetal force centering on cultural elites,restore its functions in transmitting culture and guiding value in rural society,and rebuild the folk cultural elite regeneration mechanism,so as to real y push the intangible cultural heritage protection towards the sustainable development of inheritance.
文摘Occupational Therapy is critically underdeveloped in many developing countries in Asia. There are many internal and external barriers to the growth of the profession, including lack of willpower and lack of professional representation in the government. This article aims to communicate the postulations for its stagnation across developing countries in Asia. An analytical reflection and historical review of the barriers to the growth of occupational therapy in Malaysia was conducted. Leaders in the field who met the inclusion criteria, collaborated to shape the reconstructions using an occupational reconstruction approach. The reconstruction guided key critical reflections on the roots of daily experiences to relive the cooperative action to problem solve the issues encountered by the profession in Malaysia. Medical hegemony was found as the active suppressor of the health professions, and can be seen as being beyond reproach in the Asian’s medical model that created occupational injustices. These occupational injustices hinder the growth of Occupational Therapy, do not serve the patients, science or the overall healthcare system. Autocratic governance has a debilitating impact on health sciences and its workforce especially around badly oppressed Asian countries. A greater systematic approach is needed to examine the extent, effect, problem solve and remediate the magnitude of injustices over the last decade—to make way for an inclusive and affordable care system.
文摘Educational cooperation is one of the key factors to embody humanistic exchanges and promote the development of international relations.Through the analysis of four survey reports on China-U.S.educational cooperation,it is found that American policy elites generally attach importance to the distribution of power,the application of law,mutual benefit between the two countries in educational cooperation,and pay attention to the potential motivation and influence of China.China should rationally refer to the views and suggestions,strengthen the effectiveness of dialogue mechanism,enhance the credibility of international discourse,and at the same time encourage the negotiation and governance among cooperative universities,so as to promote the stable and sustainable development of education cooperation.
基金supported by an AFL Research Board Grant(2018)La Trobe University Research Focus Area Grant(2018)+2 种基金La Trobe University Exercise and Medicine Research Centresupported by a National Health and Medical Research Council(NHMRC)Early Career Fellowship(No.1156674)supported by a NHMRC Postgraduate Scholarship(No.1114296).
文摘Background:Developing context-specific,evidence-informed,and implementable injury-prevention programs is challenging.Women playing in the elite Australian Football League for Women are at high risk of serious knee injuries,and no specific injury-prevention program exists.The objective of the study was to describe the collaborative process used to create a context-specific injury-prevention program.Methods:A previously used intervention-development process was modified to incorporate a partnership with the sport’s governing organization and focus on engaging program implementers.The Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation and Maintenance(RE-AIM)Sports Setting Matrix guided program development and implementation strategies.Results:The 7-step process,aligned with the RE-AIM Sports Setting Matrix,was applied to develop the injury-prevention program and was titled Prep to Play PRO.The steps were:(Step 1)gaining organizational support and establishing a project partnership;(Step 2)using research evidence and clinical experience;(Step 3)consulting content and context experts;(Step 4)engaging the organization,experts,program implementers,and end-users to concreate the intervention and develop implementation strategies;(Step 5)testing the intervention acceptability and feasibility;(Step 6)evaluating the intervention and implementation strategies against theory;and(Step 7)obtaining feedback from early implementers and end-users.Conclusion:Engaging critical stakeholders at multiple ecological levels(organization,team,and athlete)throughout program development and implementation planning support real-world use.The processes and activities described can guide future sports injury-prevention program development and implementation.
文摘The famous English writer William Golding’s masterpiece Lord of the Flies is a modernist novel which has a profound educational significance to the people all over the world.The work mainly tells a story that a group of boys landed on a coral land because of an air crash.After the failure of their practice of transforming their“micro association”,these“angel like”children became the“evil demons”.The novel expresses the author's implicit view of Britain's elite education and expectations for the future.In this paper,I will discuss the cause and effect of the British elite education from the work.From the research of the British elite education,readers can have a better understanding of the author’s implied educational thought.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61877046, 12271419, and 62106186)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi (Program No. 2022JQ-620)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. XJS220709, JB210701, and QTZX23002)。
文摘The disintegration of networks is a widely researched topic with significant applications in fields such as counterterrorism and infectious disease control. While the traditional approaches for achieving network disintegration involve identifying critical sets of nodes or edges, limited research has been carried out on edge-based disintegration strategies. We propose a novel algorithm, i.e., a rank aggregation elite enumeration algorithm based on edge-coupled networks(RAEEC),which aims to implement tiling for edge-coupled networks by finding important sets of edges in the network while balancing effectiveness and efficiency. Our algorithm is based on a two-layer edge-coupled network model with one-to-one links, and utilizes three advanced edge importance metrics to rank the edges separately. A comprehensive ranking of edges is obtained using a rank aggregation approach proposed in this study. The top few edges from the ranking set obtained by RAEEC are then used to generate an enumeration set, which is continuously iteratively updated to identify the set of elite attack edges.We conduct extensive experiments on synthetic networks to evaluate the performance of our proposed method, and the results indicate that RAEEC achieves a satisfactory balance between efficiency and effectiveness. Our approach represents a significant contribution to the field of network disintegration, particularly for edge-based strategies.
基金supported by the Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Project,China (Grant No. NT2021001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31801448)+1 种基金the Special Fund for Scientific Innovation Strategy-Construction of High Level Academy of Agriculture Science,China (Grant No. R2018PY-QF003)the Special Fund for Science and Technology Innovation Strategy of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dean’s Fund Key Project (Grant No. 202001)。
文摘Rice panicle branches are key routes for transportation of photo synthetic products to grains.Branch senescence is an important trait that the breeders considered when breeding elite rice cultivars in South China.However,little is known about the mechanisms underlying the contributions of stay-green panicle branches to rice yield and quality.Here,we reported stay-green branches that continuously maintained transportation function and provided carbohydrates for basal grain development at the late stages of rice development.This ensured the coordination of development between apical and basal grains,and further improved the processing quality of elite rice.These findings provided strategies for improving the fullness and quality of rice grains and presented an important basis for cultivating elite rice.