Since the 1980s, a whole class of economic capable persons has emerged along with China＇s rural economic development. This class actively participates in grassroots politics and even leads local village governance, c...Since the 1980s, a whole class of economic capable persons has emerged along with China＇s rural economic development. This class actively participates in grassroots politics and even leads local village governance, creating a unique, novel pattern of village governance in China. This pattern has far-reaching implications for the use of power in China＇s villages and for the management of grassroots communities. First, it represents democracy-based authoritarian politics （democracy-authority politics） and a transition away from traditional rural village ＂squireship＂ governance. Second, governance by economic capable persons surpasses the unitary, centralized People＇s Commune governance, replacing it with a pluralistic model that utilizes grass-roots community management. Third, the self-governing pattern that is emerging, wherein the general public participates in a government that is dominated by an economic capable persons, demonstrates a modification of ideal villager self-governance and also a pragmatic invention based on local political realities. In the long run, this new class emergence has the potential to evolve into a new type of localized politics; with further economic differentiation in rural areas, village governance will become increasingly diversified, where governing by capable persons will be just one feasible option. This pattern is already becoming common in many rural areas, especially those where the nonagricultural economy is relatively developed展开更多
The main topic of the research is applying of systems approach in studying of political elite. This approach was applied in the analysis of Russia＇s regional power elite （1991 to 2010）. The elite was studied as a c...The main topic of the research is applying of systems approach in studying of political elite. This approach was applied in the analysis of Russia＇s regional power elite （1991 to 2010）. The elite was studied as a complex self-reference system oriented at its own environment, not only in an adaptive way, but first and foremost in structure. The systems approach specifies the following conceptual framework of the study： self-reference, system boundaries, and interaction between the political elite and the surrounding world. Application of the systems analysis to studying the political elite enabled to analyze the structure and functions of the elite, create a model of elitogenesis, and receive study matrix.展开更多
文摘Since the 1980s, a whole class of economic capable persons has emerged along with China＇s rural economic development. This class actively participates in grassroots politics and even leads local village governance, creating a unique, novel pattern of village governance in China. This pattern has far-reaching implications for the use of power in China＇s villages and for the management of grassroots communities. First, it represents democracy-based authoritarian politics （democracy-authority politics） and a transition away from traditional rural village ＂squireship＂ governance. Second, governance by economic capable persons surpasses the unitary, centralized People＇s Commune governance, replacing it with a pluralistic model that utilizes grass-roots community management. Third, the self-governing pattern that is emerging, wherein the general public participates in a government that is dominated by an economic capable persons, demonstrates a modification of ideal villager self-governance and also a pragmatic invention based on local political realities. In the long run, this new class emergence has the potential to evolve into a new type of localized politics; with further economic differentiation in rural areas, village governance will become increasingly diversified, where governing by capable persons will be just one feasible option. This pattern is already becoming common in many rural areas, especially those where the nonagricultural economy is relatively developed
文摘The main topic of the research is applying of systems approach in studying of political elite. This approach was applied in the analysis of Russia＇s regional power elite （1991 to 2010）. The elite was studied as a complex self-reference system oriented at its own environment, not only in an adaptive way, but first and foremost in structure. The systems approach specifies the following conceptual framework of the study： self-reference, system boundaries, and interaction between the political elite and the surrounding world. Application of the systems analysis to studying the political elite enabled to analyze the structure and functions of the elite, create a model of elitogenesis, and receive study matrix.
