On modeling approach for embedded real-time software simulation testing

Modeling technology has been introduced into software testing field. However, how to carry through the testing modeling effectively is still a difficulty. Based on combination of simulation modeling technology and embedded real-time software testing method, the process of simulation testing modeling is studied first. And then, the supporting environment of simulation testing modeling is put forward. Furthermore, an approach of embedded real-time software simulation testing modeling including modeling of cross-linked equipments of system under testing （SUT）, test case, testing scheduling, and testing system service is brought forward. Finally, the formalized description and execution system of testing models are given, with which we can realize real-time, closed loop, mad automated system testing for embedded real-time software.

Real-time embedded software testing method based on extended finite state machine

The reliability of real-time embedded software directly determines the reliability of the whole real-time embedded sys- tem, and the effective software testing is an important way to ensure software quality and reliability. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of real-time embedded software, the formal method is introduced into the real-time embedded software testing field and the real-time extended finite state machine （RT-EFSM） model is studied firstly. Then, the time zone division method of real-time embedded system is presented and the definition and description methods of time-constrained transition equivalence class （timeCTEC） are presented. Furthermore, the approaches of the testing sequence and test case generation are put forward. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a typical avionics real- time embedded software testing practice and the examples of the timeCTEC, testing sequences and test cases are given. With the analysis of the testing result, the application verification shows that the proposed method can effectively describe the real-time embedded software state transition characteristics and real-time requirements and play the advantages of the formal methods in accuracy, effectiveness and the automation supporting. Combined with the testing platform, the real-time, closed loop and automated simulation testing for real-time embedded software can be realized effectively.

Runtime environment for reflective real-time component

Reflective real-time component model is a special component model, which can identify timing constraint characteristics of component and support dynamic design-time amendment of real-time component according to users＇ requirements. The reflective real-time component runtime environment is a bearing space and reflective infrastructure for this special component model. It consists of three parts and manages the lifecycle and various relevant services of reflective real-time component. In this paper its mechanism and relevant key techniques in design and realization are formally specified with the communicating sequential processing （CSP） and the extended timed communicating sequential processing （TCSP）. Finally a prototype is established. Experimental study shows that this runtime environment can introduce a relevant reflective infrastructure guaranteeing dynamic and real-time features of software component.

An Automatic Testing System of Scheduling Strategies in Real-Time UNIX

This paper proposes a formal model of the automatic testing system for scheduling strategies in real-time UNIX and describes the algorithm of the key part of the system. The model of the system is an important technology of the automatization of software development. According to the model presented in the paper, many different kinds of automatic testing systems can be designed and developed easily. At the end of the paper, the prototype proves the feasibility of the model and design.

飞机结构静强度试验屈曲检测系统设计实现

全机结构危险部位的实时判断与筛选一直是结构强度验证过程中非常棘手的问题之一,屈曲部位的识别与判断作为飞机结构静力试验中的一项重要监测指标,决定着现场试验人员对试验全局的掌控程度。针对飞机结构静强度试验中,试验风险越来越难以把控,不可预期的结构失效状况时有发生等问题,为了准确高效地实现对结构屈曲部位的识别,设计实现了屈曲实时检测系统,该系统基于定时器技术实现采集数据的实时获取,基于非线性度完成屈曲部位判断,最后分别通过二维与三维方式对屈曲部位进行可视化显示。系统在航空型号试验现场进行了应用,结果表明效果显著。

Time Petri网在实时软件测试中的应用

针对实时软件传统测试方法的不足 ,提出了用TimePetri网来生成测试方案的方法。该方法很好地处理了与时间有关的不确定性问题 ,具体例子说明了其在实时软件测试中的应用。

工业实时操作系统关键技术及发展趋势研究

工业实时操作系统(RTOS)广泛应用于工业自动化、军事、电力、新能源等重要场景中,发挥着中枢神经系统的关键作用。当前,我国工业实时操作系统产业规模持续提升,但整体水平仍落后于发达国家,关键领域国产化率较低,缺乏完善的生态系统建设。本文阐述了工业实时操作系统的概念及关键作用,分析了国内外整体市场现状及代表性产品,梳理了工业实时操作系统内核、中间件、辅助设计工具等关键技术及相关现有研究基础,并进一步指出其轻量化、虚拟化、跨平台等发展趋势,为国产工业实时操作系统加速发展应用提供参考。

基于嵌入式的药品稳定性试验箱远程监控系统设计

药品稳定性试验箱在药品领域中的关键作用日益凸显,然而传统的设备管理方式存在效率低、维护成本高等问题。为解决这一问题,设计了一种基于嵌入式的药品稳定性试验箱远程监控系统。该系统可实时监控试验箱的温度、湿度、加热器和制冷器等运行状态信息,巡视人员通过App可远程实时监控,有效提高管理效率,降低维护成本。

Development of a Wireless Environmental Data Acquisition Prototype Adopting Agile Practices: An Experience Report

The traditional software development model commonly named “waterfall” is unable to cope with the increasing functionality and complexity of modern embedded systems. In addition, it is unable to support the ability for businesses to quickly respond to new market opportunities due to changing requirements. As a response, the software development community developed the Agile Methodologies (e.g., extreme Programming, Scrum) which were also adopted by the Embedded System community. However, failures and bad experiences in applying Agile Methodologies to the development of embedded systems have not been reported in the literature. Therefore, this paper contributes a detailed account of our first-time experiences adopting an agile approach in the prototype development of a wireless environment data acquisition system in an academic environment. We successfully applied a subset of the extreme Programming (XP) methodology to our software development using the Python programming language, an experience that demonstrated its benefits in shaping the design of the software and also increasing productivity. We used an incremental development approach for the hardware components and adopted a “cumulative testing” approach. For the overall development process management, however, we concluded that the Promise/Commitment-Based Project Management (PB-PM/CBPM) was better suited. We discovered that software and hardware components of embedded systems are best developed in parallel or near-parallel. We learned that software components that pass automated tests may not survive in the tests against the hardware. Throughout this rapid prototyping effort, factors like team size and our availability as graduate students were major obstacles to fully apply the XP methodology.

XSRP平台的TD-LTE物理层协议实验设计

针对通信技术更新迅速,导致LTE等无线通信设备更新价格昂贵,从而提出使用通用软件无线电开发平台XSRP实现TD-LTE物理层协议实验,设计并实现了TD-LTE物理层协议的收发通信实验。设计的实验中XSRP和上位机通过以太网口传输数据流,基于软硬件协同,上位机利用Matlab负责获取处理基带数据流和配置XSRP射频参数,XSRP负责数据实时处理和射频收发。通过实验表明:基于XSRP通用平台的收发天线,在真实信道环境条件下实现了多机通信,真实模拟了TD-LTE物理层协议的实现过程,接近现实的通信系统,为移动通信系统协议栈的原型开发与验证提供了范例。

基于数字孪生的虚拟仿真系统研究与应用

为解决全实物平台开发环境搭建困难、不便于测试与维护等问题,在研究PowerPC处理器的实时嵌入式开发的基础上,采用数字孪生技术的设计思想,完成了一种拥有故障模拟与注入、协同仿真与模块化编程等功能的超实时虚拟仿真系统;提出了一种全数字仿真系统的设计与实现方法,基于数字孪生技术把硬件主板上的处理器以及外围设备虚拟化,集成到数字模型当中;各模型之间相互协同控制,实现CPU控制外部设备与动力学模型等设备之间的通信,以及数据收发、内存读写、串口输出等行为,最终实现与物理设备相同的功能;另外,采用了虚实结合的方法验证了运行结果的准确性,加快了软件执行效率,便于快速全面的系统开发与测试,从而更好地运用到各个领域当中。

基于Keil C51的嵌入式软件外设虚拟化设计与实现

航空航天控制领域嵌入式软件测试主要存在软件运行物理环境受限和软件测试覆盖性不足等问题,为解决以上问题,对嵌入式软件的外部设备进行了研究,构建了数字化测试平台替代实物环境的方案,设计并完成了平台的总线1553B、总线RS422、AD采集、I/O等外部设备;并模拟了平台嵌入式软件真实的运行环境,使测试过程不受实物环境制约,测试激励的注入不受任何限制,保障了测试的充分性;最后,以某电源下位机测试过程为例,实现了故障注入、边界测试,验证了平台在嵌入式软件测试中的有效性和可靠性。

Model-based robustness testing for avionics-embedded software

Robustness testing for safety-critical embedded software is still a challenge in its nascent stages. In this paper, we propose a practical methodology and implement an environment by employing model-based robustness testing for embedded software systems. It is a system-level black-box testing approach in which the fault behaviors of embedded software is triggered with the aid of modelbased fault injection by the support of an executable model-driven hardware-in-loop （HIL） testing environment. The prototype implementation of the robustness testing environment based on the proposed approach is experimentally discussed and illustrated by industrial case studies based on several avionics-embedded software systems. The results show that our proposed and implemented robustness testing method and environment are effective to find more bugs, and reduce burdens of testing engineers to enhance efficiency of testing tasks, especially for testing complex embedded systems.

一种基于测试脚本数据实时监控的实现方法

随着自动化测试的广泛应用,为实现测试人员对测试任务的实时监控,提出一种基于测试脚本数据实时监控的实现方法.首先介绍了数据分发服务(Data Distribution Service,DDS)与Qt框架,作为实时通信和数据监控的手段,其次以航空电子信号作为测试对象,对该软件的设计与实现进行了详细介绍,最后测试结果表明,该软件可完成测试脚本的自动化执行及实时数据反馈,提高了测试效率.

基于Python的实时嵌入式软件测试脚本

基于Python语言设计一种实时测试脚本,开发扩展模块,实现测试脚本与嵌入式软件仿真测试环境(ESSTE)的接口。该测试脚本使用简便,实时性高、描述能力强、具有良好的可复用性,目前已成功应用到ESSTE中。对多个实时嵌入式软件进行测试,结果验证了该测试脚本的正确性和实时性。

实时嵌入式软件的测试技术

实时嵌入式软件作为应用软件的一大流派 ,在很多领域有着极其广泛的应用 ,但其质量却令人担忧 .本文首先概括地介绍了实时嵌入式软件的应用现状 ,在详细分析了实时嵌入式软件的特征—实时性、嵌入特性和反应性—的基础上 ,综述了在该领域的国内外测试现状 ,包括各种测试方法、测试工具、测试策略和存在的问题 .最后 ,对实时嵌入式软件的测试进行了小结 .

嵌入式软件仿真测试环境软件体系结构研究

利用嵌入式软件仿真测试环境(ESSTE,Embedded Software SimulationTesting Environment)对实时嵌入式软件进行系统测试是国内外公认的、行之有效的方法.基于UML和“4+1”视图模型,系统地对ESSTE的软件体系结构进行了描述.各个视图之间保持了良好的一致性,特别地,在设计视图中将ESSTE软件分为两大组件—实时组件和非实时组件,并按照“管道-过滤器”的软件体系结构模式组织,分别给出了它们的关键类.非实时组件的关键类是配置工具类,实时组件的关键类是模型类、实时变量类和调度器类.据此设计和实现的ESSTE-Basic体现了较好的质量特性,如可更改性、可移植性等,其成功地对多个软件进行了系统测试,高效地发现了大量潜藏的软件错误,验证了ESSTE软件体系结构的正确性和有效性.

嵌入式软件建模、实现与验证:研究与进展

随着计算机硬件设备计算能力的迅速提高,嵌入式系统中软件的规模和复杂度的急剧增大,软件可靠性在嵌入式系统中的重要性占据了统治地位。本文首先概要介绍了嵌入式软件不同于传统商业软件、科学计算软件的物理性、实时性、领域性等重要特征,以及由此带来的困难和挑战。然后重点介绍目前在解决嵌入式软件系统开发过程中的问题时所采取的建模思想、实现技术和验证方法。最后对嵌入式软件及其相关技术的发展进行了展望。

实时嵌入式软件仿真测试平台的体系结构设计

从实时嵌入式软件测试平台的需求出发 ,分析了实时嵌入式软件测试对计算机体系结构的要求 。

程序执行时间的静态预估与可视化分析方法

软件时间性能分析与评估技术是实时软件开发中的一个重要课题.提出了一种基于控制流程图的程序执行时间的可视化分析框架,研究了中间代码段与源程序中语句的对应关系的自动分析、源程序语句行的CPU周期数的提取和计算方法、基于控制流程图的点到点最大时间分析算法和CPU周期的绝对时间估计方法.设计并实现了一个实用的基于控制流程图的程序执行时间静态分析与评估工具.最后,对研究工作进行了相关比较和总结.