Data Concurrent Transmission MAC Protocol for Application Oriented Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

With the increasing demand for marine exploration, underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) are prone to have the characteristics of large-scale, long term monitoring, and high data traffic load. Underwater media access control (MAC) protocols, which allow multiple users to share the common medium fairly and efficiently, are essential for the performance of UASNs. However, the design of MAC protocols is confronted with the challenges of spatial unfairness, data eruption, and low energy efficiency. In this paper, we propose a novel data concurrent transmission (DCT) MAC protocol, which is able to exploit long propagation delay and conduct concurrent transmission. Specifically, we present the theoretical performance analysis of the proposed MAC protocol in detail and give an analytical solution of the success concurrent transmission probability between nodes. In addition, simulation results are provided to demonstrate that our proposed protocol is appropriate for UASNs and can significantly improve the performance in terms of network throughput and energy consumption. Finally, we give some typical future applications of UASNs and discuss the demands on MAC protocol design.

Problem of Standardization of Configuration Data in Wireless Sensor Networks: The Case of Routing Protocols

The exploitation of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is constrained by limited power, low computing power and storage and short-range radio transmission. Many routing protocols respecting these constraints were developed but, it still lacks formal and standardized solutions being able to help in their configuration. The configuration management that responds to this concern is very important in this type of network. It consists of the definition of data models to configure and is very necessary for the good network performance. Tangible results were obtained in traditional networks with the emergence of NETCONF and YANG standards, but on the best of our humble knowledge there are none yet in WSNs. We propose in this paper wsn-routing-protocol, a YANG data model for routing protocols configuration in WSNs. Following our model, we propose two YANG configuration data models based on the latter: they are respectively aodv for AODV and rpl for RPL.

Reactive data collection protocol using mobile sink in wireless sensor network

We suggest event collection protocol in a specific region where sensors are deployed to detect and collect events.In the traditional multi-hop routing in wireless sensor networks reporting events to a sink node or base-station will cause imbalanced energy consumption of static sensors.To solve this problem,we use mobile sink.In this paper,we study the design of efficiency routing protocol for supporting efficient data collecting in mobile sink wireless sensor networks(mWSNs).We suggest the following two main ideas.First,we use reactive protocol to cut off unnecessary delay.Mobile sink makes a path to access to sensor node.Second,we model mobile sink movement depending on data frequency,so we can reduce moving distance efficiently.We simulate this protocol and compare it with the traditional method.Simulation results show this protocol reduces distance significantly and is suitable for mWSNs with heavy traffic.

Routing Protocol with Optimal Location of Aggregation Point in Wireless Sensor Networks

A wireless sensor network is typically composed of hundreds, even thousands of tiny sensors used to monitor physical phenomena. As data collected by the sensors are often redundant, data aggregation is important for conserving energy. In this paper , we present a new routing protocol with optimal data aggregation. This routing protocol has good performance due to its optimal selection of aggregation point locations. This paper details the optimal selection of aggregation point locations.

Comprehensive Analysis of Secure Data Aggregation Scheme for Industrial Wireless Sensor Network

As an Industrial Wireless Sensor Network(IWSN)is usually deployed in a harsh or unattended environment,the privacy security of data aggregation is facing more and more challenges.Currently,the data aggregation protocols mainly focus on improving the efficiency of data transmitting and aggregating,alternately,the aim at enhancing the security of data.The performances of the secure data aggregation protocols are the trade-off of several metrics,which involves the transmission/fusion,the energy efficiency and the security in Wireless Sensor Network(WSN).Unfortunately,there is no paper in systematic analysis about the performance of the secure data aggregation protocols whether in IWSN or in WSN.In consideration of IWSN,we firstly review the security requirements and techniques in WSN data aggregation in this paper.Then,we give a holistic overview of the classical secure data aggregation protocols,which are divided into three categories:hop-by-hop encrypted data aggregation,end-to-end encrypted data aggregation and unencrypted secure data aggregation.Along this way,combining with the characteristics of industrial applications,we analyze the pros and cons of the existing security schemes in each category qualitatively,and realize that the security and the energy efficiency are suitable for IWSN.Finally,we make the conclusion about the techniques and approach in these categories,and highlight the future research directions of privacy preserving data aggregation in IWSN.

Success Rate Queue-Based Relocation Algorithm of Sensory Network to Overcome Non-Uniformly Distributed Obstacles

With the recent development of big data technology that collects and analyzes various data,the technology that continuously collects and analyzes the observed data is also drawing attention.Moreover,its importance is growing in data collection in areas where people cannot access.In general,it is not easy to properly deploy IoT wireless devices for data collection in these areas,and it is also inappropriate to use general wheel-based mobile devices for relocation.Recently,researches have been actively carried out on hopping moving models in place of wheel-based movement for the inaccessible regions.The majority of studies,however,so far have unrealistic assumptions that all IoT devices know the overall state of the network and the current state of each device.Moreover,various physical terrain environments,such as coarse gravel and sand,can change from time to time,and it is impossible for all devices to recognize these changes in real-time.In this paper,with the migration success rate of IoT hopping devices being relocated,the method of estimating the varying environment is proposed.This method can actively reflect the changing environment in real-time and is a realistic distributed environment-based relocation protocol on behalf of non-realistic,theory-based relocation protocols.Also,one of the significant contributions of this paper is to evaluate its performance using the OMNeT++simulation tool for the first time in the world to reflect actual physical environmental conditions.Compared to previous studies,the proposed protocol was able to actively reflect the state of the surrounding environment,which resulted in improved migration success rates and higher energy efficiency.

Energy Efficient Networks Using Ant Colony Optimization with Game Theory Clustering

Real-time applications based on Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)tech-nologies quickly lead to the growth of an intelligent environment.Sensor nodes play an essential role in distributing information from networking and its transfer to the sinks.The ability of dynamical technologies and related techniques to be aided by data collection and analysis across the Internet of Things(IoT)network is widely recognized.Sensor nodes are low-power devices with low power devices,storage,and quantitative processing capabilities.The existing system uses the Artificial Immune System-Particle Swarm Optimization method to mini-mize the energy and improve the network’s lifespan.In the proposed system,a hybrid Energy Efficient and Reliable Ant Colony Optimization(ACO)based on the Routing protocol(E-RARP)and game theory-based energy-efficient clus-tering algorithm(GEC)were used.E-RARP is a new Energy Efficient,and Reli-able ACO-based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks.The suggested protocol provides communications dependability and high-quality channels of communication to improve energy.For wireless sensor networks,a game theo-ry-based energy-efficient clustering technique(GEC)is used,in which each sen-sor node is treated as a player on the team.The sensor node can choose beneficial methods for itself,determined by the length of idle playback time in the active phase,and then decide whether or not to rest.The proposed E-RARP-GEC improves the network’s lifetime and data transmission;it also takes a minimum amount of energy compared with the existing algorithms.

一种支持不确定性协议的船载网络数据集中方法

文中针对船载网络数据集中过程中因设备通信方式不同,协议具有异构性,不确定性设备协议变动使数据接入系统复杂的问题,提出一种基于TCP/IP协议的可配置数据集中方法。首先增加采集适配层将设备通信接口统一成工业以太网,船载设备通过转以太网模块实现物理层接入,使数据经以太网传输到数据管理平台;其次将网络协议解析处理过程描述成解析配置表,引入用户配置机制,实现对新设备协议的按需变动;最后借鉴有限状态及思想设计不确定协议的解析和数据抽取算法。实验结果表明:该船载设备数据集中方法可对采集数据字段颗粒度抽取,避免因通信协议变动重新编写解析和处理程序,具有良好的灵活性和普适性。

嵌入式技术下无线传感通信网络拥塞控制系统

无线传感通信网络在数据传输过程中容易出现网络拥塞,存在全局吞吐量小、端到端延时大、节点丢包率高的问题,导致网络拥塞控制效果不佳。为了解决这个问题,设计一种嵌入式技术下无线传感通信网络拥塞控制系统。设计嵌入式以太网拥塞数据交换接口电路,采用嵌入缓冲器开环控制模块结构,根据排队长度变化控制数据包丢弃率。计算接收方通告窗口大小,检测高、低优先级传输网络拥塞情况。通过计算拥塞节点发送速率来控制高、低优先级传输网络局部拥塞。将全局拥塞竞争窗口变为当前窗口,使用检测缓存队列占空率方式控制全局拥塞。测试结果表明,所设计系统最大吞吐量为2600 b/s,最大端到端延时为18 s,最大节点丢包率为2.0%,使用该系统能够提升网络拥塞控制效果。

Development of a Wireless Environmental Data Acquisition Prototype Adopting Agile Practices: An Experience Report

The traditional software development model commonly named “waterfall” is unable to cope with the increasing functionality and complexity of modern embedded systems. In addition, it is unable to support the ability for businesses to quickly respond to new market opportunities due to changing requirements. As a response, the software development community developed the Agile Methodologies (e.g., extreme Programming, Scrum) which were also adopted by the Embedded System community. However, failures and bad experiences in applying Agile Methodologies to the development of embedded systems have not been reported in the literature. Therefore, this paper contributes a detailed account of our first-time experiences adopting an agile approach in the prototype development of a wireless environment data acquisition system in an academic environment. We successfully applied a subset of the extreme Programming (XP) methodology to our software development using the Python programming language, an experience that demonstrated its benefits in shaping the design of the software and also increasing productivity. We used an incremental development approach for the hardware components and adopted a “cumulative testing” approach. For the overall development process management, however, we concluded that the Promise/Commitment-Based Project Management (PB-PM/CBPM) was better suited. We discovered that software and hardware components of embedded systems are best developed in parallel or near-parallel. We learned that software components that pass automated tests may not survive in the tests against the hardware. Throughout this rapid prototyping effort, factors like team size and our availability as graduate students were major obstacles to fully apply the XP methodology.

基于智能传感网络的医疗服务数据采集与管控分析方法研究

针对目前各类医疗资源短缺、医疗服务数据采集与管控不便捷等问题,文中基于智能传感网络技术提出了一种医疗服务数据采集与管控分析方法。该方法利用数据采集模块的各类智能传感器对被监测者的各项医疗数据加以采集,再通过无线通信协议发送给协调器完成预处理,并采用RS232标准接口将处理后的数据传送至客户端监控模块进行展示,以便于医务人员进一步分析处理。三项实验测试结果表明,所提出的方法不仅能够以99.4%的准确率完成对医疗数据的采集,还可以准确识别出异常数据,充分验证了其可行性。

一种广域无线传感网络移动Sink节点路径规划方法

在广域无线传感网络中,大量Sink节点处在移动状态,路径规划过程易受其他节点特征的干扰,导致规划效果较差,提出一种针对广域无线传感网络的移动Sink节点路径规划方法。利用Sink数据采集协议确定节点的最佳位置,通过计算最大网络寿命成本比确定节点的最佳数量后,根据节点的最佳位置和数量规划出最大容量路径。依据最大容量路径计算出Sink节点在四个方向上的权值系数,并沿着最大权值系数的方向移动,完成广域无线传感网络移动Sink节点路径规划。仿真结果表明,所提方法的运行时间低于6 s、路径长度最长为53 cm、拐点数量少于9个、迭代次数高达69次。

基于无线传感网的机械式电能表用电数据采集方法

设计一种基于无线传感网络的用电数据自动采集方法。利用四叉树分层算法将无线传感网络划分为多个簇,为每个簇群和簇内节点赋予唯一的id标识;利用四层树形结构的路由协议,选择无线传感网络路由,实现机械式电能表用电数据的层层传输;构建用电数据自动采集模型,利用奈奎斯特定理对用电数据完成采集。通过实验验证了所设计的用电数据自动采集方法能够保持较高的采集精度,同时丢包率和采集时延较低,可有效提高用电数据采集的工作效率,具有较好的应用效果。

基于MQTT的通用传感器传输系统设计

阐述数据在物联网传输、显示过程中的问题,采用MQTT网络传输的协议,结合VUE前端技术和百度Echart图表显示技术,实现传感器数据的快速采集、上传和显示。

网络通信中嵌入式TCP/IP单片机技术研究

嵌入式传输控制协议/网际协议(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol,TCP/IP)单片机技术是网络通信中一项重要的技术。主要从嵌入式TCP/IP单片机技术的概述、硬件结构、软件设计进行详细介绍,提出一种嵌入式TCP/IP单片机的软件设计方法,并将其应用于网络通信,以提高网络通信的稳定性和可靠性,并提高数据传输质量。

无线传感器网络研究进展

无线传感器网络因其巨大的应用前景而受到学术界和工业界越来越广泛的重视.介绍了无线传感器网络的基本概念以及具有应用代表性的研究项目,总结提出了网络协议体系结构框架并简要介绍了各主要研究方向的最新进展,本文还针对最受关注的数据链路层协议、网络层路由协议、协议栈优化、能耗管理以及网络仿真技术等几个研究热点做了比较详细的研究进展综述.

基于无线传感器网络的农田信息采集节点设计与试验

研究基于ZigBee协议的无线传感器网络技术,结合嵌入式处理器开发了无线传感器网络节点和汇聚节点。网络节点规则分布在被监测区域,负责采集土壤水分信息,并自组成网,将信息发送给汇聚节点,实现对信息的动态显示和大容量存储;节点天线分别在0.5、1.0、1.5和2.0m4个高度下,对小麦苗期、拔节期和抽穗期3个典型的生长时期进行试验,得出无线电信号在小麦不同生长时期,最佳天线高度下的有效传输距离,为无线传感器网络在农业中的应用提供技术支持。

作物精量灌溉系统的无线传感网络应用开发

为准确提供作物水分亏缺程度并为精量灌溉提供科学依据,基于作物水分胁迫声发射原理,研究无线传感器网络技术在精量灌溉系统中的应用。采用自适应加权数据融合算法来提高声发射信号精度,提出基于簇的多跳路由算法以减少结点数据传输能耗,利用NB100网关实现无线网和有线网之间的桥接。系统分布式运行,具有鲁棒性强、易于扩充和伸缩性良好等优点。仿真试验表明该系统组网正确、无线传输能耗占总能耗的60%以上,可以使人们远程、精确获取作物需水信息,并实施精量灌溉,能够应用到农田、苗圃、温室等节水农业领域中。

无线传感器网络的研究进展

随着传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理技术和通信技术的迅速发展,无线传感器网络应运而生.由于无线传感器网络的广阔应用前景,它已经成为21世纪的一个新研究领域,在基础理论和工程技术两个层面向科技工作者提出了大量挑战性问题.从2000年开始,国内外无线传感器网络的研究日趋热烈,取得了大量研究成果.从无线传感器网络的网络通信技术、基础设施技术、中间件技术、数据管理技术、节点及其嵌入式软件技术等5个方面系统综述了无线传感器网络的研究进展,讨论目前存在的问题和需要进一步研究的方向,并提供了广泛的参考文献.

无线传感器网络通信协议

集成了微机电系统、无线通信和现代网络等多项技术而形成的无线传感器网络是一种全新的信息获取和处理模式,其通信协议研究面临许多新的挑战。文中对各种具有代表性的协议算法性能进行了深入的比较性研究,分析指明了WSN协议设计的挑战性。