Amoxicillin,a widely used antibiotic in human and veterinary pharmaceuticals,is now considered as an“emerging contaminant”because it exists widespreadly in the environment and brings a series of adverse outcomes.Cur...Amoxicillin,a widely used antibiotic in human and veterinary pharmaceuticals,is now considered as an“emerging contaminant”because it exists widespreadly in the environment and brings a series of adverse outcomes.Currently,systematic studies about the developmental toxicity of amoxicillin are still lacking.We explored the potential effects of amoxicillin exposure on pregnancy outcomes,maternal/fetal serum phenotypes,and fetal multiple organ development in mice,at different doses(75,150,300 mg/(kg·day))during late-pregnancy,or at a dose of 300 mg/(kg·day)during different stages(mid-/latepregnancy)and courses(single-/multi-course).Results showed that prenatal amoxicillin exposure(PAmE)had no significant infuence on the body weights of dams,but it could inhibit the physical development and reduce the survival rate of fetuses,especially during the midpregnancy.Meanwhile,PAmE altered multiple maternal/fetal serum phenotypes,especially in fetuses.Fetal multi-organ function results showed that PAmE inhibited testicular/adrenal steroid synthesis,long bone/cartilage and hippocampal development,and enhanced ovarian steroid synthesis and hepatic glycogenesis/lipogenesis,and the order of severity might be gonad(testis,ovary)>liver>others.Further analysis found that PAmE-induced multiorgan developmental and functional alterations had differences in stages,courses and fetal gender,and the most obvious changes might be in high-dose,late-pregnancy and multicourse,but there was no typical rule of a dose-response relationship.In conclusion,this study confirmed that PAmE could cause abnormal development and multi-organ function alterations,which deepens our understanding of the risk of PAmE and provides an experimental basis for further exploration of the long-term harm.展开更多
CORM-3, a water soluble transitional metal carbonyls based around ruthenium can release CO activated bylight[1]. Although CORM-3 has resulted in promising preclinical data, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosisand...CORM-3, a water soluble transitional metal carbonyls based around ruthenium can release CO activated bylight[1]. Although CORM-3 has resulted in promising preclinical data, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosisand vasodilatory effect, they present a poorly understanding on toxicological profile.To evaluate the effects of CORM-3 on the developmentof zebrafish embryos, we selected the zebrafish embryosdeveloping normally at the stage of blastocyst at4 h post fertilization and transferred into 24-well cultureplates with 2 embryos per well and then exposedto freshly prepared CORM-3 solution with E3 (0, 6.25,12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mol/L) for 4144 hpffor a continuing observation period on the developmentof zebrafish. Acute endpoints including hatching rateand embryonic/larval mortality were evaluated every 24h(Fig. 1).展开更多
Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs),revered for their antimicrobial prowess,have become ubiquitous in a range of products,from biomedical equipment to food packaging.However,amidst their rising popularity,concerns loom over t...Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs),revered for their antimicrobial prowess,have become ubiquitous in a range of products,from biomedical equipment to food packaging.However,amidst their rising popularity,concerns loom over their possible detrimental effects on fetal development and subsequent adult life.This review delves into the developmental toxicity of AgNPs across diverse models,from aquatic species like zebrafish and catfish to mammalian rodents and in vitro embryonic stem cells.Our focus encompasses the fate of AgNPs in different contexts,elucidating associated hazardous results such as embryotoxicity and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Furthermore,we scrutinize the enduring adverse impacts on offspring,spanning impaired neurobehavior function,reproductive disorders,cardiopulmonary lesions,and hepatotoxicity.Key hallmarks of developmental harm are identified,encompassing redox imbalances,inflammatory cascades,DNA damage,and mitochondrial stress.Notably,we explore potential explanations,linking immunoregulatory dysfunction and disrupted epigenetic modifications to AgNPsinduced developmental failures.Despite substantial progress,our understanding of the developmental risks posed by AgNPs remains incomplete,underscoring the urgency of further research in this critical area.展开更多
Acrylamide is a chemical used mainly in industrial applications and the treatment of drinking and wastewater, making it easy to enter aquatic ecosystems. There are few studies known about the toxicity of acrylamide to...Acrylamide is a chemical used mainly in industrial applications and the treatment of drinking and wastewater, making it easy to enter aquatic ecosystems. There are few studies known about the toxicity of acrylamide to aquatic organisms which have shown evidence of a number of histopathological effects. To assess the effects of acrylamide to freshwater fish, Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to serial concentrations of acrylamide (0, 100, 300, and 500 mg/L) to investigate the acute toxicity effects on teleost embryogenesis. Embryos less than 24 hrs old were exposed under static non-renewal conditions for ten days or until hatching. The toxic endpoints evaluated include: egg/embryo viability, hatchability, and morphological/developmental anomalies during organogenesis. The acute toxicity test resulted in a 48 h-LC50 of 585 mg/L for egg viability. Exposure of embryos significantly reduced hatchability and larval survival, in a concentration dependent manner. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a solvent carrier to permeate the uptake of acrylamide through the chorion membrane. No significant damages or complications were observed in embryos exposed to DMSO. At 500 mg/L, the highest test concentration, the survival of embryos was greatly reduced within 24 hrs of exposure. The lower test, 100 mg/L, produced a significant number of developmental anomalies to the Zebrafish that included dorsal tail flexure, severe pericardial edema, facial and cranial defects and decreased heartrate (40 bpm). Premature hatching of embryos and developmental arrest was observed in all concentrations. The severity of these anomalies was concentration-dependent and resulted in low survival rate and high frequency of malformations. These results indicate that acrylamide is teratogenic and provide support for sub-lethal toxicity testing using Zebrafish embryos.展开更多
Quantum dots(QDs)are new types of nanomaterials.Few studies have focused on the effect of different surface modified QDs on embryonic development.Herein,we compared the in vivo toxicity of Cd Se/Zn S QDs with carboxyl...Quantum dots(QDs)are new types of nanomaterials.Few studies have focused on the effect of different surface modified QDs on embryonic development.Herein,we compared the in vivo toxicity of Cd Se/Zn S QDs with carboxyl(-COOH)and amino(-NH 2)modification using zebrafish embryos.After exposure,the two Cd Se/Zn S QDs decreased the survival rate,hatching rate,and embryo movement of zebrafish.Moreover,we found QDs attached to the embryo membrane before hatching and the eyes,yolk and heart after hatching.The attached amount of carboxyl QDs was more.Consistently,the Cd content in embryos and larvae was higher in carboxyl QD-treatment.We further observed that the two QDs caused zebrafish pericardial edema and cardiac dysfunction.In line with it,both carboxyl and amino QDs upregulated the transcription levels of cardiac development-related genes,and the levels were higher in carboxyl QD-treated groups.Furthermore,the chelator of Cd^2+diethylene triamine pentacetate acid could partially rescued the developmental toxicity caused by the two types of QDs suggesting that both the nature of QDs and the release of Cd^2+contribute to the developmental toxicity.In conclusion,the two Cd Se/ZnS QDs have developmental toxicity and affect the cardiac development,and the carboxyl QDs is more toxic possibly due to the higher affinity and more release to embryos and larvae.Our study provides new knowledge that the surface functional modification of QDs is critical on the development on aquatic species,which is beneficial to develop and applicate QDs more safely and environmentfriendly.展开更多
Crustacean zooplankton form the keystone link between primary producers and fish stocks in marine and estuary, ecosystems. We have established a multi-generation cultivation system for zooplankton ruth which future ex...Crustacean zooplankton form the keystone link between primary producers and fish stocks in marine and estuary, ecosystems. We have established a multi-generation cultivation system for zooplankton ruth which future experiments on the biological effects of pollutants in marine and estuary environments can be better performed. A population of calanoid copepod, Sehmakeria poplesia, was collected in December 2003 and maintained in a static system through all stages （eggs to adults）. The population ex- hinted an average developmental time of 13.6 d in conditions corresponding to the natural environment （water temperature 20~C salinity 15）. A series of experiments were performed to examine copepod egg production and hatching success as functions of food type and feeding concentration. Results in our study showed that Isoehrysis galbana was more favored for the reproduction of cope- pods than Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and 10xl0%ellsmL-1 was the most practical algae concentration. We have demonstrated that the Schmakeria poplesia population can be maintained in the laboratory through multiple generations. In addition, methods to control egg production through changes in food concentration have been established, making it feasible to control the start date of exposure experiments or the timing of the collection of oftspring to initiate a new generation.展开更多
The ubiquitousness of naturally occurring boron-containing compounds(BCCs) has led to their constant contact with humankind.Recently,many synthetic BCCs have been elaborated for a broad spectrum of purposes,especially...The ubiquitousness of naturally occurring boron-containing compounds(BCCs) has led to their constant contact with humankind.Recently,many synthetic BCCs have been elaborated for a broad spectrum of purposes,especially boric,boronic and borinic acids.Although BCCs were once employed primarily as antiseptics and later as antibiotics,they have become an increasingly relevant therapeutic tool.Nevertheless,this potential of BCCs has been drastically limited due to some unfortunate intra-hospital accidents in the 1940 s and 1950 s.The increasing use of BCCs as insecticides,antimicrobials,and other agents is providing new insights into their role in the physiology of several living species and in the pathophysiology of humans.It is becoming clear that BCCs act through a wide range of mechanisms,as do their corresponding boron-free counterparts.When comparing BCCs and similar boron-free compounds,in many cases the former show advantages in the medical field.The current minireview focuses on how BCCs have been developed by means of translational medicine,a process connecting biomedical research with clinical applications.This process of discovery is currently in an exponential stage.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2020YFA0803900)。
文摘Amoxicillin,a widely used antibiotic in human and veterinary pharmaceuticals,is now considered as an“emerging contaminant”because it exists widespreadly in the environment and brings a series of adverse outcomes.Currently,systematic studies about the developmental toxicity of amoxicillin are still lacking.We explored the potential effects of amoxicillin exposure on pregnancy outcomes,maternal/fetal serum phenotypes,and fetal multiple organ development in mice,at different doses(75,150,300 mg/(kg·day))during late-pregnancy,or at a dose of 300 mg/(kg·day)during different stages(mid-/latepregnancy)and courses(single-/multi-course).Results showed that prenatal amoxicillin exposure(PAmE)had no significant infuence on the body weights of dams,but it could inhibit the physical development and reduce the survival rate of fetuses,especially during the midpregnancy.Meanwhile,PAmE altered multiple maternal/fetal serum phenotypes,especially in fetuses.Fetal multi-organ function results showed that PAmE inhibited testicular/adrenal steroid synthesis,long bone/cartilage and hippocampal development,and enhanced ovarian steroid synthesis and hepatic glycogenesis/lipogenesis,and the order of severity might be gonad(testis,ovary)>liver>others.Further analysis found that PAmE-induced multiorgan developmental and functional alterations had differences in stages,courses and fetal gender,and the most obvious changes might be in high-dose,late-pregnancy and multicourse,but there was no typical rule of a dose-response relationship.In conclusion,this study confirmed that PAmE could cause abnormal development and multi-organ function alterations,which deepens our understanding of the risk of PAmE and provides an experimental basis for further exploration of the long-term harm.
基金Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1432248), National Natural Science Foundationof China (11305226, 11175222).
文摘CORM-3, a water soluble transitional metal carbonyls based around ruthenium can release CO activated bylight[1]. Although CORM-3 has resulted in promising preclinical data, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosisand vasodilatory effect, they present a poorly understanding on toxicological profile.To evaluate the effects of CORM-3 on the developmentof zebrafish embryos, we selected the zebrafish embryosdeveloping normally at the stage of blastocyst at4 h post fertilization and transferred into 24-well cultureplates with 2 embryos per well and then exposedto freshly prepared CORM-3 solution with E3 (0, 6.25,12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mol/L) for 4144 hpffor a continuing observation period on the developmentof zebrafish. Acute endpoints including hatching rateand embryonic/larval mortality were evaluated every 24h(Fig. 1).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 82103883)a grant from the National College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202210366030)a grant from Anhui Provincial College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(S202210366070).
文摘Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs),revered for their antimicrobial prowess,have become ubiquitous in a range of products,from biomedical equipment to food packaging.However,amidst their rising popularity,concerns loom over their possible detrimental effects on fetal development and subsequent adult life.This review delves into the developmental toxicity of AgNPs across diverse models,from aquatic species like zebrafish and catfish to mammalian rodents and in vitro embryonic stem cells.Our focus encompasses the fate of AgNPs in different contexts,elucidating associated hazardous results such as embryotoxicity and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Furthermore,we scrutinize the enduring adverse impacts on offspring,spanning impaired neurobehavior function,reproductive disorders,cardiopulmonary lesions,and hepatotoxicity.Key hallmarks of developmental harm are identified,encompassing redox imbalances,inflammatory cascades,DNA damage,and mitochondrial stress.Notably,we explore potential explanations,linking immunoregulatory dysfunction and disrupted epigenetic modifications to AgNPsinduced developmental failures.Despite substantial progress,our understanding of the developmental risks posed by AgNPs remains incomplete,underscoring the urgency of further research in this critical area.
文摘Acrylamide is a chemical used mainly in industrial applications and the treatment of drinking and wastewater, making it easy to enter aquatic ecosystems. There are few studies known about the toxicity of acrylamide to aquatic organisms which have shown evidence of a number of histopathological effects. To assess the effects of acrylamide to freshwater fish, Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to serial concentrations of acrylamide (0, 100, 300, and 500 mg/L) to investigate the acute toxicity effects on teleost embryogenesis. Embryos less than 24 hrs old were exposed under static non-renewal conditions for ten days or until hatching. The toxic endpoints evaluated include: egg/embryo viability, hatchability, and morphological/developmental anomalies during organogenesis. The acute toxicity test resulted in a 48 h-LC50 of 585 mg/L for egg viability. Exposure of embryos significantly reduced hatchability and larval survival, in a concentration dependent manner. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a solvent carrier to permeate the uptake of acrylamide through the chorion membrane. No significant damages or complications were observed in embryos exposed to DMSO. At 500 mg/L, the highest test concentration, the survival of embryos was greatly reduced within 24 hrs of exposure. The lower test, 100 mg/L, produced a significant number of developmental anomalies to the Zebrafish that included dorsal tail flexure, severe pericardial edema, facial and cranial defects and decreased heartrate (40 bpm). Premature hatching of embryos and developmental arrest was observed in all concentrations. The severity of these anomalies was concentration-dependent and resulted in low survival rate and high frequency of malformations. These results indicate that acrylamide is teratogenic and provide support for sub-lethal toxicity testing using Zebrafish embryos.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31971234)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20720180045)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology,Xiamen University(No.SKLCSB2019KF001)。
文摘Quantum dots(QDs)are new types of nanomaterials.Few studies have focused on the effect of different surface modified QDs on embryonic development.Herein,we compared the in vivo toxicity of Cd Se/Zn S QDs with carboxyl(-COOH)and amino(-NH 2)modification using zebrafish embryos.After exposure,the two Cd Se/Zn S QDs decreased the survival rate,hatching rate,and embryo movement of zebrafish.Moreover,we found QDs attached to the embryo membrane before hatching and the eyes,yolk and heart after hatching.The attached amount of carboxyl QDs was more.Consistently,the Cd content in embryos and larvae was higher in carboxyl QD-treatment.We further observed that the two QDs caused zebrafish pericardial edema and cardiac dysfunction.In line with it,both carboxyl and amino QDs upregulated the transcription levels of cardiac development-related genes,and the levels were higher in carboxyl QD-treated groups.Furthermore,the chelator of Cd^2+diethylene triamine pentacetate acid could partially rescued the developmental toxicity caused by the two types of QDs suggesting that both the nature of QDs and the release of Cd^2+contribute to the developmental toxicity.In conclusion,the two Cd Se/ZnS QDs have developmental toxicity and affect the cardiac development,and the carboxyl QDs is more toxic possibly due to the higher affinity and more release to embryos and larvae.Our study provides new knowledge that the surface functional modification of QDs is critical on the development on aquatic species,which is beneficial to develop and applicate QDs more safely and environmentfriendly.
基金supported by the National Basic Key Research Program (973) under the Ministry of ScienceTechnology of the People’s Republic of China (2005CB4223)by Qingdao Shinan District Science and Technology Administration (snkjjh2006020).
文摘Crustacean zooplankton form the keystone link between primary producers and fish stocks in marine and estuary, ecosystems. We have established a multi-generation cultivation system for zooplankton ruth which future experiments on the biological effects of pollutants in marine and estuary environments can be better performed. A population of calanoid copepod, Sehmakeria poplesia, was collected in December 2003 and maintained in a static system through all stages （eggs to adults）. The population ex- hinted an average developmental time of 13.6 d in conditions corresponding to the natural environment （water temperature 20~C salinity 15）. A series of experiments were performed to examine copepod egg production and hatching success as functions of food type and feeding concentration. Results in our study showed that Isoehrysis galbana was more favored for the reproduction of cope- pods than Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and 10xl0%ellsmL-1 was the most practical algae concentration. We have demonstrated that the Schmakeria poplesia population can be maintained in the laboratory through multiple generations. In addition, methods to control egg production through changes in food concentration have been established, making it feasible to control the start date of exposure experiments or the timing of the collection of oftspring to initiate a new generation.
基金Supported by Secretaria de Investigación y Posgrado del Instituto Politécnico Nacional,No.SIP-1754 20170411the National Council of Science and Technology,No.CONACYT,CB-235785
文摘The ubiquitousness of naturally occurring boron-containing compounds(BCCs) has led to their constant contact with humankind.Recently,many synthetic BCCs have been elaborated for a broad spectrum of purposes,especially boric,boronic and borinic acids.Although BCCs were once employed primarily as antiseptics and later as antibiotics,they have become an increasingly relevant therapeutic tool.Nevertheless,this potential of BCCs has been drastically limited due to some unfortunate intra-hospital accidents in the 1940 s and 1950 s.The increasing use of BCCs as insecticides,antimicrobials,and other agents is providing new insights into their role in the physiology of several living species and in the pathophysiology of humans.It is becoming clear that BCCs act through a wide range of mechanisms,as do their corresponding boron-free counterparts.When comparing BCCs and similar boron-free compounds,in many cases the former show advantages in the medical field.The current minireview focuses on how BCCs have been developed by means of translational medicine,a process connecting biomedical research with clinical applications.This process of discovery is currently in an exponential stage.
