Identification and characterization of cell cultures with various embryogenic/regenerative potential in cotton based on morphological,cytochemical,and cytogenetical assessment

Somatic embryogenesis(SE) plays a vital role in genetic transformation and massive propagation of important agronomical and economical crops.Here,we conducted a systematic assessment of the morphological,cytochemical,and cytogenetical characteristics of six culture strains with various embryogenic/regenerative potential during SE process in cotton.Results indicated that the six cell culture strains had stable ploidy levels,and did not reveal any relationship between the cytogenetic state and their morphogenetic potential.Moreover,the six culture strains were compared via double staining with Evans blue and Acetocarmine to efficiently distinguish embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells and determine the embryogenic nature of the calli.In addition,the kind of auxins added in medium affected not only growth property,color,size of cell clumps but also ploidy level and regeneration ability.By combining analysis of morphological,cytochemical,and cytogenetical characteristics of the cell cultures,we are able to obtain and maintain homogeneous cell population with high morphogenic and regeneration ability and establish efficient somatic embryogenesis and regeneration system from short-term cell cultures in upland cotton,which highlight the application of biotechnological approaches in crop breeding,and above all,to better understand totipotency of cells in higher plants.

The neuroprotective and regenerative potential of parkin and GDNF/Ret signaling in the midbrain dopaminergic system

Parkinson＇s disease（PD）is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer＇s disease.The etiology of PD is still not completely understood,but the degeneration of dopaminergic（DA）neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta（SNpc）,loss of DA innervation of the striatum,and protein aggregates in the form of Lewy bodies and neurites are its established hallmarks. In addition to α-synuclein accumu- lation in Lewy bodies and neurites, genetic mutations in the genes encoding parkin, PINK, DJ-1, LRRK2 and other proteins are associated with the inherited form of PD. An association study linked also the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret to PD （Meka et al., 2015）. Currently there are only symptomatic treatments available for PD but no cure. Consequently much effort is being made to find neurotrophic and other factors able to stimulate SNpc DA neuron protection and regeneration.

Regenerative potential of targeting glycogen synthase kinase-3 signaling in neural tissues

Multiple roles of glycogen synthase kinase-3（GSK-3）in neural tissues：GSK-3 is a serine/threonine kinase that has two isoforms encoded by two different genes,GSK-3αand GSK-3β,in mammals.GSK-3 has several sites of serine and tyrosine phosphorylation.

Calcium channels and their role in regenerative medicine

Stem cells hold indefinite self-renewable capability that can be differentiated into all desired cell types.Based on their plasticity potential,they are divided into totipotent(morula stage cells),pluripotent(embryonic stem cells),multipotent(hematopoietic stem cells,multipotent adult progenitor stem cells,and mesenchymal stem cells[MSCs]),and unipotent(progenitor cells that differentiate into a single lineage)cells.Though bone marrow is the primary source of multipotent stem cells in adults,other tissues such as adipose tissues,placenta,amniotic fluid,umbilical cord blood,periodontal ligament,and dental pulp also harbor stem cells that can be used for regenerative therapy.In addition,induced pluripotent stem cells also exhibit fundamental properties of self-renewal and differentiation into specialized cells,and thus could be another source for regenerative medicine.Several diseases including neurodegenerative diseases,cardiovascular diseases,autoimmune diseases,virus infection(also coronavirus disease 2019)have limited success with conventional medicine,and stem cell transplantation is assumed to be the best therapy to treat these disorders.Importantly,MSCs,are by far the best for regenerative medicine due to their limited immune modulation and adequate tissue repair.Moreover,MSCs have the potential to migrate towards the damaged area,which is regulated by various factors and signaling processes.Recent studies have shown that extracellular calcium(Ca^(2+))promotes the proliferation of MSCs,and thus can assist in transplantation therapy.Ca^(2+)signaling is a highly adaptable intracellular signal that contains several components such as cell-surface receptors,Ca^(2+)channels/pumps/exchangers,Ca^(2+)buffers,and Ca^(2+)sensors,which together are essential for the appropriate functioning of stem cells and thus modulate their proliferative and regenerative capacity,which will be discussed in this review.

Dental mesenchymal stromal/stem cells in different microenvironments— implications in regenerative therapy

Current research data reveal microenvironment as a significant modifier of physical functions,pathologic changes,as well as the therapeutic effects of stem cells.When comparing regeneration potential of various stem cell types used for cytotherapy and tissue engineering,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are currently the most attractive cell source for bone and tooth regeneration due to their differentiation and immunomodulatory potential and lack of ethical issues associated with their use.The microenvironment of donors and recipients selected in cytotherapy plays a crucial role in regenerative potential of transplanted MSCs,indicating interactions of cells with their microenvironment indispensable in MSC-mediated bone and dental regeneration.Since a variety of MSC populations have been procured from different parts of the tooth and tooth-supporting tissues,MSCs of dental origin and their achievements in capacity to reconstitute various dental tissues have gained attention of many research groups over the years.This review discusses recent advances in comparative analyses of dental MSC regeneration potential with regards to their tissue origin and specific microenvironmental conditions,giving additional insight into the current clinical application of these cells.

The Mechanism of Burn Regenerative Therapy and Wound Healing

Objective: From molecular, cell and systemic clinical treatment three levels, this report revealed the mechanism of wound healing, the basic theory and the importance of clinical practice for the Burn Regenerative Therapy with MEBT/MEBO (BRT & MEBT/MEBO).Method: This report analyzed the importance and clinical curative effect for standardized appliance of BRT & MEBT/MEBO from two key points: 1) Liquefaction of necrotic tissue from burn wound; 2) Skin regeneration in situ . Result: There are three necessary conditions for skin physiologically repair and regeneration of burn wound: 1) The formation of moist physiological environment on burn wound; 2) The material foundation of life regenerative substances and histology for keratin-19 stem cells’ regeneration in situ ; 3) Standardized procedures and appliance of BRT & MEBT/MEBO, which is the guarantee of burn wound healing physiologically. Conclusion: The theory of “Potential Regenerative Cell" and the technique of “Stem cell in situ regeneration" are the basic theory and clinical treatment for BRT. Full-thickness burn skin can be healed physiologically and the skin tissues and organs can be regenerated ONLY by standardized procedures and timely appliance of BRT & MEBT/MEBO.

Controversies regarding transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have tantalized regenerative medicine with their therapeutic potential,yet a cloud of controversies looms over their clinical tran-splantation.This comprehensive review navigates the intricate landscape of MSC controversies,drawing upon 15 years of clinical experience and research.We delve into the fundamental properties of MSCs,exploring their unique immuno-modulatory capabilities and surface markers.The heart of our inquiry lies in the controversial applications of MSC transplantation,including the perennial debate between autologous and allogeneic sources,concerns about efficacy,and lingering safety apprehensions.Moreover,we unravel the enigmatic mechanisms surro-unding MSC transplantation,such as homing,integration,and the delicate balance between differentiation and paracrine effects.We also assess the current status of clinical trials and the ever-evolving regulatory landscape.As we peer into the future,we examine emerging trends,envisioning personalized medicine and innovative delivery methods.Our review provides a balanced and informed perspective on the controversies,offering readers a clear understanding of the complexities,challenges,and potential solutions in MSC transplantation.

蓄热式电采暖可调节潜力分析

蓄热式电采暖作为一种电能替代技术,在应用的过程中会给配电网的安全运行带来影响,随着人们对分布式能源的重视和电采暖相关技术的发展,电采暖的研究愈发重要。为了充分挖掘蓄热式电采暖在配电网中的可调节潜力,从蓄热式电采暖单体和集群两个层面进行分析。首先提出可调节潜力量化指标,包括容量、充放电功率、储能状态、上调容量和下调容量;接着分析蓄热式电采暖单体可调节潜力指标的数学模型;然后利用模糊聚类算法基于用户的用能特性,对电采暖用户进行聚类,分析蓄热式电采暖集群的上调容量和下调容量;最后通过具体算例对数学模型进行验证。

塔北地区志留系沥青砂岩热模拟实验及其供烃意义

采用人工样品与地质样品2套模拟实验方案,开展了塔北志留系沥青砂岩作为再生烃源的生烃潜力的模拟实验。综合人工样品与地质模拟实验中不同温度的产率、产物组成变化,志留系沥青砂岩作为再生烃源的演化可分为蒸发分馏排油气阶段(模拟温度100～300℃,相当于Ro<0.9%)、裂解油气生成排出阶段(模拟温度325～400℃,相当于Ro=0.9%～1.8%)、裂解生排气阶段(模拟温度大于400℃,相当于Ro>2.0%)3个不同的演化阶段。就塔北志留系沥青砂岩实际埋深及成熟度而言,能进入裂解油气生、排阶段的志留系沥青砂岩,现今埋深应在6 000 m以上的,主要分布于沙西—哈拉哈塘地区。资源量估算认为,塔北志留系沥青砂岩虽不足以形成大规模的油气聚集,但也是塔北地区重要的辅助性再生烃源。

植物小孢子胚胎发生机理

植物小孢子胚胎发生是作物遗传育种研究中的一个重要内容,也可以用来作为一个研究离体胚胎发育的优良模式系统。小孢子胚胎发生可以分为获得胚性潜能、启动细胞分裂和图式形成等3个特征阶段,对这3个阶段中主要的细胞分子特征进行综述。

双亚5号亚麻与罗布麻原生质体解离及体细胞杂交

【目的】探索双亚5号亚麻与罗布麻原生质体制备、电融合和培养的适宜条件,为进一步深入进行亚麻与罗布麻体细胞杂交育种研究奠定基础。【方法】以已建立的双亚5号亚麻和罗布麻胚性细胞悬浮系为材料,制备原生质体并进行电融合,培养。【结果】制备亚麻和罗布麻原生质体的最佳渗透剂分别是5.6%蔗糖和0.7mol/L甘露醇;游离亚麻和罗布麻原生质体的最适酶组合都是0.5%CellulaseOnozukaR-10+1.0%CellulaseOnozukaRS+0.2%PectolyaseY-23;最佳酶解时间分别是4和3h;亚麻细胞最佳继代时间是转瓶后的第3d,在此条件下原生质体存活率均为92.0%,产量分别达到1.24×106和22.4×106个/mL;2种原生质体电融合的最佳参数依次为:AC8v/cm,持续25s—DC1500v/cm,脉冲宽度为60μs,脉冲次数1次—交流电时间为9s,重复次数2次。在此条件下融合率达到20.5%。【结论】亚麻与罗布麻原生质体在一定的条件下可实现体细胞杂交。

城市轨道交通牵引供电系统接触网和回流安全综述

作为城市轨道交通的主要动力来源,直流牵引供电安全至关重要。本文围绕接触网压波动、钢轨电位和杂散电流治理等安全供电技术开展系统综述。首先分析导致接触网压波动的主要原因,总结各类再生制动能量利用技术的研究现状。然后讨论钢轨电位和杂散电流的产生机理,分别系统回顾钢轨电位抑制技术和杂散电流治理技术的国内外研究进展。在此基础上,指出城市轨道交通安全供电技术亟待开展深入研究的关键问题,为安全供电技术的研究和工程化应用提供借鉴和参考。

再生医学技术在多学科的临床应用与展望

目的:总结了解近年再生医学及技术在临床多学科的应用与进展情况。方法:对1999年以来再生医学及技术的临床研究和应用报告进行分类、总结和综述。结果:再生医学技术不仅被广泛应用于皮肤烧伤、慢性溃疡的救治,而且已被更广泛地应用于普通外科、骨科、创伤外科、手外科、肛肠科、妇产科、眼科、口腔科、皮肤科、耳鼻喉科等多学科、多领域。结论:再生医学技术能实现人体多组织器官(皮肤、黏膜、神经、肌肉、肌腱等)的原位再生修复,适合临床多学科推广应用,特别是在医治肿瘤方面,经临床实验研究发现,再生医学技术能促进骨髓细胞增长,使癌细胞停止增殖,直至死亡,使我们看到了攻克癌症的希望。

电磁直线电机悬架馈能潜力与能量回收分析

为了预测悬架馈能潜力及实现振动能量回收,针对电磁直线电机悬架结构,建立了1/4馈能悬架数学模型,并利用台架试验加以验证。以馈能功率均方根值为衡量指标,分析了包括行驶工况及悬架参数在内的馈能潜力影响因素,获得了各因素对悬架馈能潜力的影响显著性。在此基础上,设计了能量回收电路及升降压控制规则,运用MATLAB/Simulink对悬架能量回收性能进行仿真,并与无升降压控制规则进行对比分析。结果表明:升降压控制规则使能量回收效率提高了24.1%,所设计的能量回收电路及升降压控制规则能够有效地提高悬架振动能量回收。

仔猪神经干细胞体外培养及鉴定

由仔猪脑部海马体齿状回分离得到神经干细胞,利用无血清培养基添加特定生长因子方式培养;采用RT-PCR鉴定神经干细胞和诱导分化后细胞生物特性;利用免疫荧光化学技术检测克隆的细胞抗原和分化后特异性成熟神经细胞抗原表达。由海马体齿状回分离的细胞群具有连续克隆能力;根据免疫荧光检测,脑神经干细胞表达巢蛋白、配对盒因子6和解整合素样金属蛋白酶10;体外培养下NSCs可被诱导分化为神经源性细胞,且表达微管相关蛋白2、胶质纤维酸性蛋白和髓鞘碱性蛋白。分离和培育NSCs细胞结果显示,其具有更新能力和分化为神经元和胶质细胞的潜能,可为干细胞移植提供基础数据。

烧伤再生医学与疗法创面治疗原则及机理阐述

目的探讨、了解烧伤再生医学与疗法的创面治疗机理,阐述坚持再生医学与疗法创面治疗原则的重要性,规范创面换药操作程序。方法通过实验室细胞学观察研究和模拟对照研究的方法 ,阐述和论证在实施湿润暴露疗法、湿润半暴露疗法和湿润包扎疗法时,坚持烧伤再生医学与疗法创面治疗原则的依据和重要性。结果 水、消毒液、抗生素等均会直接损伤人体组织细胞,不宜应用于创面;湿润烧伤膏(MEBO)药纱在半暴露疗法和包扎疗法中起到较好的稳定MEBO框架剂型、吸附、引流、保持创面立体式生理湿润环境的作用,能够有效延长和维持MEBO对创面的治疗时间,疗效基本等同于湿润暴露疗法。结论在烧伤再生医学与疗法的临床应用中,无论是采用湿润暴露疗法、湿润半暴露疗法和湿润包扎疗法治疗创面,只要严格遵守创面治疗原则和规范的换药操作程序,就能够实现较好的皮肤组织器官原位再生效果。

再生风速下转轮热泵耦合空调系统性能研究

目的研究再生风速对除湿转轮与中高温热泵耦合空调系统性能的影响,以求改善室内空气环境和实现空调系统进一步节能.方法通过实验验证了耦合系统的可靠性.分别采用10%和20%的新风比进行仿真模拟,对不同再生风速下耦合空调系统和两种常规再热空调系统的性能进行对比分析.结果除湿量相同时,需求的再生温度随再生风速的提高明显降低;当再生风速由2.5 m/s增加到3.5 m/s时,耦合空调系统的节能率和性能系数分别提高5%和8%左右,随着再生风速继续增加,系统节能潜力和性能系数进一步提高,但提高的趋势渐缓.结论若有足够的冷凝风量满足再生风量的要求,适当增加再生风速,转轮热泵耦合空调系统的性能将显著提高.

生命科学的未来掌握在我们中国人手中 生命之美 美在细胞——在第二次世界中西医结合大会烧伤卫星会议上的即席学术演讲

作者在第二次世界中西医结合大会烧伤卫星会议上作了题为“生命之美 ,美在细胞”的学术演讲 ,演讲主要包括烧伤皮肤再生医学理论 ,国际烧伤治疗的进展以及皮肤再生医学发展规划等三大方面的内容。在第一部分内容中 ,结合烧伤临床实践 ,作者详细阐述了潜能再生细胞的理论基础和应用价值 ,以及以该理论为核心思想形成的烧伤皮肤再生医学的主要内容。第二部分则就目前国际烧伤治疗研究趋势进行了论述 ,即保持创面的生理性湿润环境是烧伤创面处理的发展方向和用药基础。在第三部分 ,作者强调了皮肤再生医学学术发展的一些具体事项 ,以及专业委员会 ,科技中心 ,全国医疗网 。

再生医学理论与实践——在第七届全国烧伤创疡学术会议上的报告

作者在本文中 ,从哲学思想入手深入浅出地论述了再生医学的八大基本理论 ,其中心内容是以生命哲学思想“三维论”为指导 ,通过“整体与个体论”的研究方法 ,揭示了“生命延续的机理”是存在组织器官中的“潜能再生细胞” ,据此以“顺应生命的营养论”为基础 ,按照“天人合一 ,扶正固本”的临床医疗保障理论 ,实现器官、组织和细胞在人体原位再生 ,最终达到保障人体健康的目的。同时作者运用成熟的再生医学实践工作系统的阐述了再生医学各种理论的形成和具体的实践过程 。

全能干细胞与潜能再生细胞的实验研究进展

全能干细胞(totipotent stem cell,TSC)和潜能再生细胞(potential regenerative cell,PRCs)在实现各组织器官的原位再生,修复或改善损伤组织和器官的结构及功能方面发挥着重要作用,是目前医学领域研究的热点。笔者根据自身研究经验,并通过查阅大量文献资料,综述了全能干细胞与潜能再生细胞的生理作用,旨在为再生医学的后续研究提供一定的方向与思路。