This paper depicted the physiographic landscape features and natural vegetation situation of study area (the eastern Jilin Province), and expatiates the definition, basic characters and its development of Ecological L...This paper depicted the physiographic landscape features and natural vegetation situation of study area (the eastern Jilin Province), and expatiates the definition, basic characters and its development of Ecological Land Classification (ELC). Based on the combination of relief map, satellite photography for study area and vegetation inventory data of 480 sample sites, a 5-class and a 15-class ecological land type map was concluded according to 4 important factors including slope, aspect, vegetation and elevation. Ecological Classification System (ECS) is a method to identify, characterize, and map ecosystems. The Ecological Land Type (ELT) was examined and applied initially in eastern Jilin Province.展开更多
Building codes have widely considered the shear wave velocity to make a reliable subsoil seismic classification, based on the knowledge of the mechanical properties of material deposits down to bedrock. This approach ...Building codes have widely considered the shear wave velocity to make a reliable subsoil seismic classification, based on the knowledge of the mechanical properties of material deposits down to bedrock. This approach has limitations because geophysical data are often very expensive to obtain. Recently, other alternatives have been proposed based on measurements of background noise and estimation of the H/V amplification curve. However, the use of this technique needs a regulatory framework before it can become a realistic site classification procedure. This paper proposes a new formulation for characterizing design sites in accordance with the Algerian seismic building code (RPA99/ver.2003), through transfer functions, by following a stochastic approach combined to a statistical study. For each soil type, the deterministic calculation of the average transfer function is performed over a wide sample of 1-D soil profiles, where the average shear wave (S-W) velocity, V<sub>s</sub>, in soil layers is simulated using random field theory. Average transfer functions are also used to calculate average site factors and normalized acceleration response spectra to highlight the amplification potential of each site type, since frequency content of the transfer function is significantly similar to that of the H/V amplification curve. Comparison is done with the RPA99/ver.2003 and Eurocode8 (EC8) design response spectra, respectively. In the absence of geophysical data, the proposed classification approach together with micro-tremor measures can be used toward a better soil classification.展开更多
To prevent economic,social,and ecological damage,fire detection and management at an early stage are significant yet challenging.Although computationally complex networks have been developed,attention has been largely...To prevent economic,social,and ecological damage,fire detection and management at an early stage are significant yet challenging.Although computationally complex networks have been developed,attention has been largely focused on improving accuracy,rather than focusing on real-time fire detection.Hence,in this study,the authors present an efficient fire detection framework termed E-FireNet for real-time detection in a complex surveillance environment.The proposed model architecture is inspired by the VGG16 network,with significant modifications including the entire removal of Block-5 and tweaking of the convolutional layers of Block-4.This results in higher performance with a reduced number of parameters and inference time.Moreover,smaller convolutional kernels are utilized,which are particularly designed to obtain the optimal details from input images,with numerous channels to assist in feature discrimination.In E-FireNet,three steps are involved:preprocessing of collected data,detection of fires using the proposed technique,and,if there is a fire,alarms are generated and transmitted to law enforcement,healthcare,and management departments.Moreover,E-FireNet achieves 0.98 accuracy,1 precision,0.99 recall,and 0.99 F1-score.A comprehensive investigation of various Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)models is conducted using the newly created Fire Surveillance SV-Fire dataset.The empirical results and comparison of numerous parameters establish that the proposed model shows convincing performance in terms of accuracy,model size,and execution time.展开更多
This review summarizes and analyzes the basic information of various types of road transport natural disaster emergencies,refers to various types of road transport emergency plans,and combines the actual needs of road...This review summarizes and analyzes the basic information of various types of road transport natural disaster emergencies,refers to various types of road transport emergency plans,and combines the actual needs of road transport emergency rescue with national emergency related laws.It also proposes the classification criteria and grading standard for the emergencies of road transport natural disasters based on the classification and grading standard of the regulations,which provide a basis to take reasonable and effective disposal measures in the emergency response of road transport emergencies under natural disaster conditions.展开更多
Objective To investigate and estimate the proportion of the induced abortion that could have been prevented by using emergency contraception in Shanghai Method Structured interviews were conducted in 606 women (413 ...Objective To investigate and estimate the proportion of the induced abortion that could have been prevented by using emergency contraception in Shanghai Method Structured interviews were conducted in 606 women (413 married and 193 unmarried) aged 18-49 years, who were attending three health care centers in Shang- hai for termination of first trimester pregnancy. Results A total of 98.2% of the pregnancies were unwanted, and 63.7% of the women recognized that they were at risk of pregnancy soon after the intercourse. It is estimated that 52.2% of the induced abortion could have been prevented if the women had used levonorgestrel-only emergency contraception. Only 28.5% of the respondents were aware of emergency contraception. The most important sources of information about emergency contraception identified by respondents were books/newspapers/periodicals (38.2%), and relatives/friends (30.6%). Family planning health education on emergency contraception was noted by 28.9% of married women but only by 5.8% of unmarried women. A portion of 85.5% of all respondents reported they would be willing to use emergency contraception when needed. Those more willing to use emergency con- traception included younger, better educated, and unmarried women experiencing their first pregnancy. Women preferred drugstores (60.1%) than hospitals (30.2%) for obtaining emergency contraception. Conclusion Women’s needs for emergency contraception were enormous. Promotion of emergency contraception by providing information and improving service could have a substantial impact on reducing the rate of induced abortion in Shanghai.展开更多
To evaluate the knowledge level of emergency contraception, explore the determinants of the knowledge level among women seeking abortion and give sugges- tions on how to improve the quality of emergency contraception...To evaluate the knowledge level of emergency contraception, explore the determinants of the knowledge level among women seeking abortion and give sugges- tions on how to improve the quality of emergency contraception service. Method A total of 606 women requiring abortion at three MCHs in Shanghai City were interviewed face to face with structured questionnaire. Results 63. 7% of unwanted pregnancy could use EC to prevent. Subjects got their knowledge on EC mainly from books/newspapers/magazines and relatives/friends/ parents. The proportion of the awareness of EC was 28.5%. Most subjects were aware of hormonal EC pill, but only 14.9% of them knew that the pill should be taken within 72 hours after the intercourse. Among the subjects who were aware of EC, the average score of the knowledge was lower than half of the full marks. The lower the subject's educational level was, the less likely they were aware of EC and the lower score of the knowledge of EC they had. The score of the knowledge of EC was higher among subjects who learned of EC mainly from family planning publicity. Conclusion It is urgent to popularize EC in order to reduce unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion. The information, including EC can be used in which situations, it's advantages and disadvantages as well as indication, should be given to women in an appropriate way and using plain language. The departments of family planning should play a leading role in improving women's knowledge of EC.展开更多
At present, China continues to increase domestic oil and gas exploration and development efforts, vigorously increases investment in scientific research, and unswervingly promotes the increase of oil and gas reserves ...At present, China continues to increase domestic oil and gas exploration and development efforts, vigorously increases investment in scientific research, and unswervingly promotes the increase of oil and gas reserves and production, which will also bring new challenges to marine ecological environmental protection and pollution incidents. It is particularly important to thoroughly implement China’s Marine Environmental Protection Law, establish and improve the emergency response mechanism for oil spill pollution environmental incidents, and scientifically and reasonably delineate the level of oil spill pollution incidents. In response to this problem, the standard of the minimum pollution incident was analyzed and explained in this paper.展开更多
In this paper, we propose an enhanced associative classification method by integrating the dynamic property in the process of associative classification. In the proposed method, we employ a support vector machine（SVM...In this paper, we propose an enhanced associative classification method by integrating the dynamic property in the process of associative classification. In the proposed method, we employ a support vector machine（SVM） based method to refine the discovered emerging ~equent patterns for classification rule extension for class label prediction. The empirical study shows that our method can be used to classify increasing resources efficiently and effectively.展开更多
Agricultural environmental pollution emergencies have become a hot research topic because of the high incidence and influence depth.This paper introduces classification and features of agricultural environmental pollu...Agricultural environmental pollution emergencies have become a hot research topic because of the high incidence and influence depth.This paper introduces classification and features of agricultural environmental pollution emergencies:by pollutant type,it falls into organic pollution emergencies and inorganic pollution emergencies;by the approach of entering agricultural environment,it falls into water resource agricultural environmental pollution emergencies and non-water resource agricultural environmental pollution emergencies.Hazards of agricultural environmental pollution emergencies are analyzed from 4 perspectives:personal security,indirect loss,ecological environment and social stability.In view of the hazards,countermeasures are given to deal with the pollution emergencies as(i)establishing a risk evaluation mechanism for agricultural environment;(ii)enhancing the capacity of handling agricultural environmental pollution emergencies;(iii)introducing new management concepts for environmental emergencies,and cultivating keen emergency management consciousness.展开更多
基金supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences"100 people’project and the Open Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystem
文摘This paper depicted the physiographic landscape features and natural vegetation situation of study area (the eastern Jilin Province), and expatiates the definition, basic characters and its development of Ecological Land Classification (ELC). Based on the combination of relief map, satellite photography for study area and vegetation inventory data of 480 sample sites, a 5-class and a 15-class ecological land type map was concluded according to 4 important factors including slope, aspect, vegetation and elevation. Ecological Classification System (ECS) is a method to identify, characterize, and map ecosystems. The Ecological Land Type (ELT) was examined and applied initially in eastern Jilin Province.
文摘Building codes have widely considered the shear wave velocity to make a reliable subsoil seismic classification, based on the knowledge of the mechanical properties of material deposits down to bedrock. This approach has limitations because geophysical data are often very expensive to obtain. Recently, other alternatives have been proposed based on measurements of background noise and estimation of the H/V amplification curve. However, the use of this technique needs a regulatory framework before it can become a realistic site classification procedure. This paper proposes a new formulation for characterizing design sites in accordance with the Algerian seismic building code (RPA99/ver.2003), through transfer functions, by following a stochastic approach combined to a statistical study. For each soil type, the deterministic calculation of the average transfer function is performed over a wide sample of 1-D soil profiles, where the average shear wave (S-W) velocity, V<sub>s</sub>, in soil layers is simulated using random field theory. Average transfer functions are also used to calculate average site factors and normalized acceleration response spectra to highlight the amplification potential of each site type, since frequency content of the transfer function is significantly similar to that of the H/V amplification curve. Comparison is done with the RPA99/ver.2003 and Eurocode8 (EC8) design response spectra, respectively. In the absence of geophysical data, the proposed classification approach together with micro-tremor measures can be used toward a better soil classification.
基金This work was supported by the Institute for Information&Communications Technology Promotion(IITP)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(No.2020-0-00959).
文摘To prevent economic,social,and ecological damage,fire detection and management at an early stage are significant yet challenging.Although computationally complex networks have been developed,attention has been largely focused on improving accuracy,rather than focusing on real-time fire detection.Hence,in this study,the authors present an efficient fire detection framework termed E-FireNet for real-time detection in a complex surveillance environment.The proposed model architecture is inspired by the VGG16 network,with significant modifications including the entire removal of Block-5 and tweaking of the convolutional layers of Block-4.This results in higher performance with a reduced number of parameters and inference time.Moreover,smaller convolutional kernels are utilized,which are particularly designed to obtain the optimal details from input images,with numerous channels to assist in feature discrimination.In E-FireNet,three steps are involved:preprocessing of collected data,detection of fires using the proposed technique,and,if there is a fire,alarms are generated and transmitted to law enforcement,healthcare,and management departments.Moreover,E-FireNet achieves 0.98 accuracy,1 precision,0.99 recall,and 0.99 F1-score.A comprehensive investigation of various Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)models is conducted using the newly created Fire Surveillance SV-Fire dataset.The empirical results and comparison of numerous parameters establish that the proposed model shows convincing performance in terms of accuracy,model size,and execution time.
文摘This review summarizes and analyzes the basic information of various types of road transport natural disaster emergencies,refers to various types of road transport emergency plans,and combines the actual needs of road transport emergency rescue with national emergency related laws.It also proposes the classification criteria and grading standard for the emergencies of road transport natural disasters based on the classification and grading standard of the regulations,which provide a basis to take reasonable and effective disposal measures in the emergency response of road transport emergencies under natural disaster conditions.
文摘Objective To investigate and estimate the proportion of the induced abortion that could have been prevented by using emergency contraception in Shanghai Method Structured interviews were conducted in 606 women (413 married and 193 unmarried) aged 18-49 years, who were attending three health care centers in Shang- hai for termination of first trimester pregnancy. Results A total of 98.2% of the pregnancies were unwanted, and 63.7% of the women recognized that they were at risk of pregnancy soon after the intercourse. It is estimated that 52.2% of the induced abortion could have been prevented if the women had used levonorgestrel-only emergency contraception. Only 28.5% of the respondents were aware of emergency contraception. The most important sources of information about emergency contraception identified by respondents were books/newspapers/periodicals (38.2%), and relatives/friends (30.6%). Family planning health education on emergency contraception was noted by 28.9% of married women but only by 5.8% of unmarried women. A portion of 85.5% of all respondents reported they would be willing to use emergency contraception when needed. Those more willing to use emergency con- traception included younger, better educated, and unmarried women experiencing their first pregnancy. Women preferred drugstores (60.1%) than hospitals (30.2%) for obtaining emergency contraception. Conclusion Women’s needs for emergency contraception were enormous. Promotion of emergency contraception by providing information and improving service could have a substantial impact on reducing the rate of induced abortion in Shanghai.
文摘To evaluate the knowledge level of emergency contraception, explore the determinants of the knowledge level among women seeking abortion and give sugges- tions on how to improve the quality of emergency contraception service. Method A total of 606 women requiring abortion at three MCHs in Shanghai City were interviewed face to face with structured questionnaire. Results 63. 7% of unwanted pregnancy could use EC to prevent. Subjects got their knowledge on EC mainly from books/newspapers/magazines and relatives/friends/ parents. The proportion of the awareness of EC was 28.5%. Most subjects were aware of hormonal EC pill, but only 14.9% of them knew that the pill should be taken within 72 hours after the intercourse. Among the subjects who were aware of EC, the average score of the knowledge was lower than half of the full marks. The lower the subject's educational level was, the less likely they were aware of EC and the lower score of the knowledge of EC they had. The score of the knowledge of EC was higher among subjects who learned of EC mainly from family planning publicity. Conclusion It is urgent to popularize EC in order to reduce unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion. The information, including EC can be used in which situations, it's advantages and disadvantages as well as indication, should be given to women in an appropriate way and using plain language. The departments of family planning should play a leading role in improving women's knowledge of EC.
文摘At present, China continues to increase domestic oil and gas exploration and development efforts, vigorously increases investment in scientific research, and unswervingly promotes the increase of oil and gas reserves and production, which will also bring new challenges to marine ecological environmental protection and pollution incidents. It is particularly important to thoroughly implement China’s Marine Environmental Protection Law, establish and improve the emergency response mechanism for oil spill pollution environmental incidents, and scientifically and reasonably delineate the level of oil spill pollution incidents. In response to this problem, the standard of the minimum pollution incident was analyzed and explained in this paper.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （No. 2007AA01Z132） the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.60775035, 60933004, 60970088, 60903141）+1 种基金 the National Basic Research Priorities Programme （No. 2007CB311004） the National Science and Technology Support Plan （No.2006BAC08B06）.
文摘In this paper, we propose an enhanced associative classification method by integrating the dynamic property in the process of associative classification. In the proposed method, we employ a support vector machine（SVM） based method to refine the discovered emerging ~equent patterns for classification rule extension for class label prediction. The empirical study shows that our method can be used to classify increasing resources efficiently and effectively.
基金Supported by Humanities and Social Science Fund of Henan Provincial Department of Education(2013-QN-027)Doctoral Fund of Henan Polytechnic University(B2012-008)
文摘Agricultural environmental pollution emergencies have become a hot research topic because of the high incidence and influence depth.This paper introduces classification and features of agricultural environmental pollution emergencies:by pollutant type,it falls into organic pollution emergencies and inorganic pollution emergencies;by the approach of entering agricultural environment,it falls into water resource agricultural environmental pollution emergencies and non-water resource agricultural environmental pollution emergencies.Hazards of agricultural environmental pollution emergencies are analyzed from 4 perspectives:personal security,indirect loss,ecological environment and social stability.In view of the hazards,countermeasures are given to deal with the pollution emergencies as(i)establishing a risk evaluation mechanism for agricultural environment;(ii)enhancing the capacity of handling agricultural environmental pollution emergencies;(iii)introducing new management concepts for environmental emergencies,and cultivating keen emergency management consciousness.
