BACKGROUND Craniocerebral injuries encompass brain injuries,skull fractures,cranial soft tissue injuries,and similar injuries.Recently,the incidence of craniocerebral injuries has increased dramatically due to the inc...BACKGROUND Craniocerebral injuries encompass brain injuries,skull fractures,cranial soft tissue injuries,and similar injuries.Recently,the incidence of craniocerebral injuries has increased dramatically due to the increased numbers of traffic accidents and aerial work injuries,threatening the physical and mental health of patients.AIM To investigate the impact of failure modes and effects analysis(FMEA)-based emergency management on craniocerebral injury treatment effectiveness.METHODS Eighty-four patients with craniocerebral injuries,treated at our hospital from November 2019 to March 2021,were selected and assigned,using the random number table method,to study(n=42)and control(n=42)groups.Patients in the control group received conventional management while those in the study group received FMEA theory-based emergency management,based on the control group.Pre-and post-interventions,details regarding the emergency situation;levels of inflammatory stress indicators[Interleukin-6(IL-6),C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT)];incidence of complications;prognoses;and satisfaction regarding patient care were evaluated for both groups.RESULTS For the study group,the assessed parameters[pre-hospital emergency response time(9.13±2.37 min),time to receive a consultation(2.39±0.44 min),time needed to report imaging findings(1.15±4.44 min),and test reporting time(32.19±6.23 min)]were shorter than those for the control group(12.78±4.06 min,3.58±0.71 min,33.49±5.51 min,50.41±11.45 min,respectively;P<0.05).Pre-intervention serum levels of IL-6(78.71±27.59 pg/mL),CRP(19.80±6.77 mg/L),and PCT(3.66±1.82 ng/mL)in the study group patients were not significantly different from those in the control group patients(81.31±32.11 pg/mL,21.29±8.02 mg/L,and 3.95±2.11 ng/mL respectively;P>0.05);post-intervention serum indicator levels were lower in both groups than pre-intervention levels.Further,serum levels of IL-6(17.35±5.33 pg/mL),CRP(2.27±0.56 mg/L),and PCT(0.22±0.07 ng/mL)were lower in the study group than in the control group(30.15±12.38 pg/mL,3.13±0.77 mg/L,0.38±0.12 ng/mL,respectively;P<0.05).The complication rate observed in the study group(9.52%)was lower than that in the control group(26.19%,P<0.05).The prognoses for the study group patients were better than those for the control patients(P<0.05).Patient care satisfaction was higher in the study group(95.24%)than in the control group(78.57%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION FMEA-based craniocerebral injury management effectively shortens the time spent on emergency care,reduces inflammatory stress and complication risk levels,and helps improve patient prognoses,while achieving high patient care satisfaction levels.展开更多
A hybrid approach of DEA （data envelopment analysis） and TOPSIS （technique for order performance （preference） by similarity to ideal solution） is proposed for multiple criteria decision analysis in emergency man...A hybrid approach of DEA （data envelopment analysis） and TOPSIS （technique for order performance （preference） by similarity to ideal solution） is proposed for multiple criteria decision analysis in emergency management. Two DEA-based optimization models are constructed to facilitate identifying parameter information regarding criterion weights and quantifying qualitative criteria in TOPSIS. An emergency management case study utilizing data from the Emergency Management Australia （EMA） Disasters Database is provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed analysis procedure.展开更多
Computer-based evacuation simulations are important tools for emergency managers.These simulations vary in complexity and include 2D and 3D GIS-based network analyses,agent-based models,and sophisticated models built ...Computer-based evacuation simulations are important tools for emergency managers.These simulations vary in complexity and include 2D and 3D GIS-based network analyses,agent-based models,and sophisticated models built on documented human behaviour and particle dynamics.Despite the influential role of built environments in determining human movement,a disconnect often exists between the features of the real world and the way they are represented within these simulation environments.The proliferation of emergency management location-aware mobile devices,along with a recent infatuation for augmented reality(AR),has resulted in new wayfinding and hazard assessment tools that bridge this gap,allowing users to visualize geospatial information superimposed on the real world.In this paper,we report research and development that has produced AR geovisual analytical systems,enabling visual analysis of human dynamics in multilevel built environments with complex thoroughfare network infrastructure.We demonstrate prototypes that show how mixed reality visual analysis of intelligent human movement simulations built in virtual spaces can become part of real space.This research introduces a fundamentally new way to view and link simulations of people with the real-world context of the built environment:mixed reality crowd simulation in real space.展开更多
The United States is one of the major countries in the world that faces a numerous number of tornadoes every year, directly and indirectly experiencing extensive property damage and human casualties as well as a varie...The United States is one of the major countries in the world that faces a numerous number of tornadoes every year, directly and indirectly experiencing extensive property damage and human casualties as well as a variety of demographic, socioeconomic, and environmental impacts. This research provides a GIS-based examination of the ways past tornadoes that occurred in the US in the period 1950-2015 have played out in the context of bodily injuries and loss of human life. To this end, the research collected major secondary data (i.e., georeferenced tornado point data) from the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) tornado database and conducted raster-based spatial analysis, utilizing techniques like point density analysis and map algebra to locate areas that have a high risk of tornadoes and to create maps that show relationships between the past tornado events and human casualties. One of the major research findings shown by the spatial analysis was that the geographic areas or regions impacted by tornadoes varied over time. In addition, the statistical results showed a trend that the tornado-prone regions extend from “Tornado Alley” to the states of Illinois, Mississippi, Tennessee, Alabama, and Florida, indicating that the communities in those states that are newly considered to be vulnerable to tornadoes should step up to develop their own tornado mitigation plan to help protect the public and its property from tornadoes. Such plans can play a crucial role in safeguarding the public and protecting property from tornadoes’ potential impact. Additionally, urban planners and policymakers can use this information to make informed decisions about building codes and infrastructure development in tornado-prone areas, potentially reducing the impact of future tornado events on human lives and property.展开更多
为了探索国内外应急供应网络领域研究进展,本文以2000—2021年间Web of Science和Scopus数据库收录的应急供应网络相关文献为样本,运用BibExcel和Gephi软件,对筛选出的文献特征、研究集群和发展趋势进行分析。研究结果发现:根据统计数据...为了探索国内外应急供应网络领域研究进展,本文以2000—2021年间Web of Science和Scopus数据库收录的应急供应网络相关文献为样本,运用BibExcel和Gephi软件,对筛选出的文献特征、研究集群和发展趋势进行分析。研究结果发现:根据统计数据,文献发表数量总体呈现上升趋势,应急供应网络研究领域核心作者群和研究机构已逐渐涌现;该领域研究主要围绕物资分配网络、选址-路径-库存网络、车辆路径与调度网络和人员伤亡管理网络4个主题展开。从发展趋势上看,车辆路径与调度以及结合选址或库存的研究已经高度关联,灾后紧急疏散和救治服务仍是该领域的研究重点,进而确定现有研究中的差距和趋势。最后,提出了提高应急供应网络可靠性、关注灾民需求端、构建更现实的模型和整合多种救援活动4个未来研究方向,以期为现有研究提供借鉴。展开更多
基金Supported by Basic Research on Medical and Health Application of the People's Livelihood Science and Technology Project of Suzhou Science and Technology Bureau,No.SYS2020102.
文摘BACKGROUND Craniocerebral injuries encompass brain injuries,skull fractures,cranial soft tissue injuries,and similar injuries.Recently,the incidence of craniocerebral injuries has increased dramatically due to the increased numbers of traffic accidents and aerial work injuries,threatening the physical and mental health of patients.AIM To investigate the impact of failure modes and effects analysis(FMEA)-based emergency management on craniocerebral injury treatment effectiveness.METHODS Eighty-four patients with craniocerebral injuries,treated at our hospital from November 2019 to March 2021,were selected and assigned,using the random number table method,to study(n=42)and control(n=42)groups.Patients in the control group received conventional management while those in the study group received FMEA theory-based emergency management,based on the control group.Pre-and post-interventions,details regarding the emergency situation;levels of inflammatory stress indicators[Interleukin-6(IL-6),C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT)];incidence of complications;prognoses;and satisfaction regarding patient care were evaluated for both groups.RESULTS For the study group,the assessed parameters[pre-hospital emergency response time(9.13±2.37 min),time to receive a consultation(2.39±0.44 min),time needed to report imaging findings(1.15±4.44 min),and test reporting time(32.19±6.23 min)]were shorter than those for the control group(12.78±4.06 min,3.58±0.71 min,33.49±5.51 min,50.41±11.45 min,respectively;P<0.05).Pre-intervention serum levels of IL-6(78.71±27.59 pg/mL),CRP(19.80±6.77 mg/L),and PCT(3.66±1.82 ng/mL)in the study group patients were not significantly different from those in the control group patients(81.31±32.11 pg/mL,21.29±8.02 mg/L,and 3.95±2.11 ng/mL respectively;P>0.05);post-intervention serum indicator levels were lower in both groups than pre-intervention levels.Further,serum levels of IL-6(17.35±5.33 pg/mL),CRP(2.27±0.56 mg/L),and PCT(0.22±0.07 ng/mL)were lower in the study group than in the control group(30.15±12.38 pg/mL,3.13±0.77 mg/L,0.38±0.12 ng/mL,respectively;P<0.05).The complication rate observed in the study group(9.52%)was lower than that in the control group(26.19%,P<0.05).The prognoses for the study group patients were better than those for the control patients(P<0.05).Patient care satisfaction was higher in the study group(95.24%)than in the control group(78.57%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION FMEA-based craniocerebral injury management effectively shortens the time spent on emergency care,reduces inflammatory stress and complication risk levels,and helps improve patient prognoses,while achieving high patient care satisfaction levels.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.70901040 and 90924022the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) under its Discovery Grant program,aswell as an International & Development Research,Education & Training (IDRET) Seed Monies Grant from the University of Windsor
文摘A hybrid approach of DEA （data envelopment analysis） and TOPSIS （technique for order performance （preference） by similarity to ideal solution） is proposed for multiple criteria decision analysis in emergency management. Two DEA-based optimization models are constructed to facilitate identifying parameter information regarding criterion weights and quantifying qualitative criteria in TOPSIS. An emergency management case study utilizing data from the Emergency Management Australia （EMA） Disasters Database is provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed analysis procedure.
文摘Computer-based evacuation simulations are important tools for emergency managers.These simulations vary in complexity and include 2D and 3D GIS-based network analyses,agent-based models,and sophisticated models built on documented human behaviour and particle dynamics.Despite the influential role of built environments in determining human movement,a disconnect often exists between the features of the real world and the way they are represented within these simulation environments.The proliferation of emergency management location-aware mobile devices,along with a recent infatuation for augmented reality(AR),has resulted in new wayfinding and hazard assessment tools that bridge this gap,allowing users to visualize geospatial information superimposed on the real world.In this paper,we report research and development that has produced AR geovisual analytical systems,enabling visual analysis of human dynamics in multilevel built environments with complex thoroughfare network infrastructure.We demonstrate prototypes that show how mixed reality visual analysis of intelligent human movement simulations built in virtual spaces can become part of real space.This research introduces a fundamentally new way to view and link simulations of people with the real-world context of the built environment:mixed reality crowd simulation in real space.
文摘The United States is one of the major countries in the world that faces a numerous number of tornadoes every year, directly and indirectly experiencing extensive property damage and human casualties as well as a variety of demographic, socioeconomic, and environmental impacts. This research provides a GIS-based examination of the ways past tornadoes that occurred in the US in the period 1950-2015 have played out in the context of bodily injuries and loss of human life. To this end, the research collected major secondary data (i.e., georeferenced tornado point data) from the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) tornado database and conducted raster-based spatial analysis, utilizing techniques like point density analysis and map algebra to locate areas that have a high risk of tornadoes and to create maps that show relationships between the past tornado events and human casualties. One of the major research findings shown by the spatial analysis was that the geographic areas or regions impacted by tornadoes varied over time. In addition, the statistical results showed a trend that the tornado-prone regions extend from “Tornado Alley” to the states of Illinois, Mississippi, Tennessee, Alabama, and Florida, indicating that the communities in those states that are newly considered to be vulnerable to tornadoes should step up to develop their own tornado mitigation plan to help protect the public and its property from tornadoes. Such plans can play a crucial role in safeguarding the public and protecting property from tornadoes’ potential impact. Additionally, urban planners and policymakers can use this information to make informed decisions about building codes and infrastructure development in tornado-prone areas, potentially reducing the impact of future tornado events on human lives and property.
文摘为了探索国内外应急供应网络领域研究进展,本文以2000—2021年间Web of Science和Scopus数据库收录的应急供应网络相关文献为样本,运用BibExcel和Gephi软件,对筛选出的文献特征、研究集群和发展趋势进行分析。研究结果发现:根据统计数据,文献发表数量总体呈现上升趋势,应急供应网络研究领域核心作者群和研究机构已逐渐涌现;该领域研究主要围绕物资分配网络、选址-路径-库存网络、车辆路径与调度网络和人员伤亡管理网络4个主题展开。从发展趋势上看,车辆路径与调度以及结合选址或库存的研究已经高度关联,灾后紧急疏散和救治服务仍是该领域的研究重点,进而确定现有研究中的差距和趋势。最后,提出了提高应急供应网络可靠性、关注灾民需求端、构建更现实的模型和整合多种救援活动4个未来研究方向,以期为现有研究提供借鉴。
