Emergency road networks(ERNs),an important part of local disaster prevention systems,can provide security to residents and their property.Exploring the ERNs structure is of great significance in terms of promoting dis...Emergency road networks(ERNs),an important part of local disaster prevention systems,can provide security to residents and their property.Exploring the ERNs structure is of great significance in terms of promoting disaster prevention and establishing road safety in dangerous mountainous areas.This study considered the ERNs of the Kangding section of the Dadu River Basin as the area for a case study.Complex Network Analysis was used to examine the relationship between the four characteristic indicators of mountain roads and the degree of earthquake impacts under the Lushan,Wenchuan,and Kangding Earthquake scenarios.Based on the analysis results,the southwest mountain road network was evaluated;then,computer simulations were used to evaluate the structural changes in the road network after index changes.The network was optimized,and the corresponding emergency avoidance network was proposed to provide a reference for the establishment of the mountainous ERN.The results show that the overall completeness of the mountainous ERNs in Southwest China is poor and prone to traffic accidents.Moreover,the local stability is poor,and the network is susceptible to natural hazards.The overall structure of the road network is balanced,but that of certain road sections is not.Road sections with different attributes present a“gathering-scattering”spatial distribution,i.e,some sections are clustered together while others are far apart.Accordingly,a planning optimization strategy is proposed to better understand the complexity and systematic nature of the mountainous ERN as a whole and to provide a reference for disaster prevention and mitigation planning in mountainous regions in Southwest China.展开更多
Public communication infrastructures are susceptible to disasters. Thus, the Emergency Communication Networks(ECNs) of small groups are necessary to maintain real-time communication during disasters. Given that ECNs a...Public communication infrastructures are susceptible to disasters. Thus, the Emergency Communication Networks(ECNs) of small groups are necessary to maintain real-time communication during disasters. Given that ECNs are self-built by users, the unavailability of infrastructures and the openness of wireless channels render them insecure. ECN security, however, is a rarely studied issue despite of its importance. Here, we propose a security scheme for the ECNs of small groups. Our scheme is based on the optimized Byzantine Generals’ Problem combined with the analysis of trusted security problems in ECNs. Applying the Byzantine Generals’ Problem to ECNs is a novel approach to realize two new functions, debugging and error correction, for ensuring system consistency and accuracy. Given the limitation of terminal devices, the lightweight fast ECDSA algorithm is introduced to guarantee the integrity and security of communication and the efficiency of the network. We implement a simulation to verify the feasibility of the algorithm after theoretical optimization.展开更多
Along with natural disasters,the destruction of communication infrastructures leads to the congestion or failure of communication networks.Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),which are with a high flexibility,can be employ...Along with natural disasters,the destruction of communication infrastructures leads to the congestion or failure of communication networks.Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),which are with a high flexibility,can be employed as temporary base stations to establish emergency networks.To relieve the backhaul burden of UAVs,some imperative contents can be cached by terrestrial cache-enabled rescuers(CERs)and provide for victims with device-to-device(D2D)transmissions.To support the effectiveness and timeliness of emergency communication,the delay-bounded quality-of-service(QoS)requirement and network throughput are desired to be comprehensively considered,which imposes a new challenge for caching placement and CER deployment.In this paper,we focus on joint caching placement and CER deployment to maximize the effective capacity subject to delay-bounded QoS requirement.The overall non-convex problem is transformed into the caching placement and the CER deployment sub-problems.Then,we develop the QoS-aware caching placement scheme with fixed CER deployment density and obtain the QoS-aware CER deployment density with fixed caching placement.Based on the block-coordinate descent method,we also propose the joint caching placement and CER deployment scheme,which can not only effectively enhance average effective capacity but also guarantee the delay-bounded QoS requirement.Also,numerical simulations are conducted to show the performances of the proposed schemes.展开更多
基金jointly supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD1100804)。
文摘Emergency road networks(ERNs),an important part of local disaster prevention systems,can provide security to residents and their property.Exploring the ERNs structure is of great significance in terms of promoting disaster prevention and establishing road safety in dangerous mountainous areas.This study considered the ERNs of the Kangding section of the Dadu River Basin as the area for a case study.Complex Network Analysis was used to examine the relationship between the four characteristic indicators of mountain roads and the degree of earthquake impacts under the Lushan,Wenchuan,and Kangding Earthquake scenarios.Based on the analysis results,the southwest mountain road network was evaluated;then,computer simulations were used to evaluate the structural changes in the road network after index changes.The network was optimized,and the corresponding emergency avoidance network was proposed to provide a reference for the establishment of the mountainous ERN.The results show that the overall completeness of the mountainous ERNs in Southwest China is poor and prone to traffic accidents.Moreover,the local stability is poor,and the network is susceptible to natural hazards.The overall structure of the road network is balanced,but that of certain road sections is not.Road sections with different attributes present a“gathering-scattering”spatial distribution,i.e,some sections are clustered together while others are far apart.Accordingly,a planning optimization strategy is proposed to better understand the complexity and systematic nature of the mountainous ERN as a whole and to provide a reference for disaster prevention and mitigation planning in mountainous regions in Southwest China.
文摘Public communication infrastructures are susceptible to disasters. Thus, the Emergency Communication Networks(ECNs) of small groups are necessary to maintain real-time communication during disasters. Given that ECNs are self-built by users, the unavailability of infrastructures and the openness of wireless channels render them insecure. ECN security, however, is a rarely studied issue despite of its importance. Here, we propose a security scheme for the ECNs of small groups. Our scheme is based on the optimized Byzantine Generals’ Problem combined with the analysis of trusted security problems in ECNs. Applying the Byzantine Generals’ Problem to ECNs is a novel approach to realize two new functions, debugging and error correction, for ensuring system consistency and accuracy. Given the limitation of terminal devices, the lightweight fast ECDSA algorithm is introduced to guarantee the integrity and security of communication and the efficiency of the network. We implement a simulation to verify the feasibility of the algorithm after theoretical optimization.
基金This work was supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61771368 and 61671347)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2016QNRC001)+1 种基金the Youth Talent Support Fund of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province(No.2018KJXX-025)Part of this work has been accepted by the IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops(INFOCOM Workshop on Intelligent Wireless Emergency Communications Networks),Toronto,Canada,2020[1].
文摘Along with natural disasters,the destruction of communication infrastructures leads to the congestion or failure of communication networks.Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),which are with a high flexibility,can be employed as temporary base stations to establish emergency networks.To relieve the backhaul burden of UAVs,some imperative contents can be cached by terrestrial cache-enabled rescuers(CERs)and provide for victims with device-to-device(D2D)transmissions.To support the effectiveness and timeliness of emergency communication,the delay-bounded quality-of-service(QoS)requirement and network throughput are desired to be comprehensively considered,which imposes a new challenge for caching placement and CER deployment.In this paper,we focus on joint caching placement and CER deployment to maximize the effective capacity subject to delay-bounded QoS requirement.The overall non-convex problem is transformed into the caching placement and the CER deployment sub-problems.Then,we develop the QoS-aware caching placement scheme with fixed CER deployment density and obtain the QoS-aware CER deployment density with fixed caching placement.Based on the block-coordinate descent method,we also propose the joint caching placement and CER deployment scheme,which can not only effectively enhance average effective capacity but also guarantee the delay-bounded QoS requirement.Also,numerical simulations are conducted to show the performances of the proposed schemes.
