Impaired implicit emotion regulation in patients with panic disorder:An event-related potential study on affect labeling

BACKGROUND Panic disorder(PD)involves emotion dysregulation,but its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.Previous research suggests that implicit emotion regulation may play a central role in PD-related emotion dysregulation and symptom maintenance.However,there is a lack of studies exploring the neural mechanisms of implicit emotion regulation in PD using neurophysiological indicators.AIM To study the neural mechanisms of implicit emotion regulation in PD with eventrelated potentials(ERP).METHODS A total of 25 PD patients and 20 healthy controls(HC)underwent clinical evaluations.The study utilized a case-control design with random sampling,selecting participants for the case group from March to December 2018.Participants performed an affect labeling task,using affect labeling as the experimental condition and gender labeling as the control condition.ERP and behavioral data were recorded to compare the late positive potential(LPP)within and between the groups.RESULTS Both PD and HC groups showed longer reaction times and decreased accuracy under the affect labeling.In the HC group,late LPP amplitudes exhibited a dynamic pattern of initial increase followed by decrease.Importantly,a significant group×condition interaction effect was observed.Simple effect analysis revealed a reduction in the differences of late LPP amplitudes between the affect labeling and gender labeling conditions in the PD group compared to the HC group.Furthermore,among PD patients under the affect labeling,the late LPP was negatively correlated with disease severity,symptom frequency,and intensity.CONCLUSION PD patients demonstrate abnormalities in implicit emotion regulation,hampering their ability to mobilize cognitive resources for downregulating negative emotions.The late LPP amplitude in response to affect labeling may serve as a potentially valuable clinical indicator of PD severity.

Amygdala-Inspired Affective Computing: to Realize Personalized Intracranial Emotions with Accurately Observed External Emotions

Artificial intelligence technology has revolutionized every industry and trade in recent years. However, its own development is encountering bottlenecks that it is unable to implement empathy with human emotions. So affective computing is getting more attention from researchers. In this paper, we propose an amygdala-inspired affective computing framework to realize the recognition of all kinds of human personalized emotions. Similar to the amygdala, the instantaneous emergency emotion is first computed more quickly in a low-redundancy convolutional neural network compressed by pruning and weight sharing with hashing trick. Then, the real-time process emotion is identified more accurately by the memory level neural networks, which is good at handling time-related signals. Finally, the intracranial emotion is recognized in personalized hidden Markov models. We demonstrate on Facial Expression of Emotion Dataset and the recognition accuracy of external emotions(including the emergency emotion and the process emotion) reached 85.72%. And the experimental results proved that the personalized affective model can generate desired intracranial emotions as expected.

An Affective-Motivational Interface for a Pedagogical Agent

This research is framed within the affective computing, which explains the importance of emotions in human cognition (decision making, perception, interaction and human intelligence). Applying this approach to a pedagogical agent is an essential part to enhance the effectiveness of the teaching-learning process of an intelligent learning system. This work focuses on the design of the inference engine that will give life to the interface, where the latter is represented by a pedagogical agent. The inference engine is based on an affective-motivational model. This model is implemented by using artificial intelligence technique called fuzzy cognitive maps.

Impress of intergenerational emotional support on the depression in non-cohabiting parents

BACKGROUND Mental health is one of the important dimensions of health,while depression is an important indicator of mental health evaluation.AIM To investigate the association between intergenerational emotional support and depression of non-cohabiting parents(≥45 years old)in China.METHODS We used the fourth wave data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(2015).The data was made up of ten main modules,the associated two datasets,and five constructed datasets.The first step is to select the corresponding module data according to the purpose of this study.Moreover,the data of the six modules are integrated by the unique ID code and we choose depression and non-cohabiting items as the selection conditions.4810 samples were selected,which mainly included data on intergenerational emotional support and the individual scores on depressive symptoms.RESULTS The average age of 4810 respondents was(60.56±14.613)years old.Females were accounted for more than half of the samples(52.6%).74.0%respondents from rural areas and approximately 63.3%of the participants had a chronic disease.The mean value of the CESD-10 score was 13.06(SD5.225).Both faces to face and phone contacts were protective factors on depression symptoms in the mid-aged and seniors in China(P<0.05).In terms of the frequency of face to face contact,the more frequently you met your parents,the lower your parents'depressive score was.Also,phone contact variable results are displayed as a positive correlation completely between inter-generational contacts from children and depressive symptoms in non-cohabiting parents in China.Children’s education level and income level were also reducing the risk of depression in noncohabiting parents.However,gender,children’s numerous,chronic disease and chronic disease number were the risk factors.CONCLUSION Intergenerational emotional support is associated with depressive symptoms in non-cohabiting parents in China.However,the relationship was also affected by other variables.

Affective State Recognition Using Thermal-Based Imaging: A Survey

The thermal-based imaging technique has recently attracted the attention of researchers who are interested in the recognition of human affects dueto its ability to measure the facial transient temperature, which is correlated withhuman affects and robustness against illumination changes. Therefore, studieshave increasingly used the thermal imaging as a potential and supplemental solution to overcome the challenges of visual (RGB) imaging, such as the variation oflight conditions and revealing original human affect. Moreover, the thermal-basedimaging has shown promising results in the detection of psychophysiological signals, such as pulse rate and respiration rate in a contactless and noninvasive way.This paper presents a brief review on human affects and focuses on the advantages and challenges of the thermal imaging technique. In addition, this paper discusses the stages of thermal-based human affective state recognition, such asdataset type, preprocessing stage, region of interest (ROI), feature descriptors,and classification approaches with a brief performance analysis based on a number of works in the literature. This analysis could help beginners in the thermalimaging and affective recognition domain to explore numerous approaches usedby researchers to construct an affective state system based on thermal imaging.

Emotional processing changes of qigong on college students:A pilot ERP study of a randomized controlled trial

Objective:To investigate the influence of qigong on late positive potential,which was elicited by affective pictures.Methods:College students who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled and randomly allocated to the qigong group,which received a four-week training(n=41)or the control group(n=41).All participants were assessed before and after the training for event-related potential,which was elicited by negative,neutral,and positive pictures.Electrodes at the centerline position of the frontal area(FCz),parietal area(Pz),and occipital area(Oz)were analyzed.Results:Negative,neutral,and positive pictures demonstrated statistically significant differences on FCz(P<.001),Pz(P<.001),and Oz(P<.001).The interaction between the group factor and time factor was statistically significant on Pz(P<.028).The pairwise comparison of Pz on the time factor and group factor showed that the amplitudes of the qigong group after training were smaller than before(P<.001),and the amplitudes of the control group were not statistically significant(P?.355).Conclusion:Our results supported the conclusion that qigong practices could affect the emotional regulation of college students.Qigong exercise weakens the emotional regulation of late positive potential,which is sensitive to top-down affective modulation.The findings imply that the regulating effect of qigong on emotions may be part of the reason why it is effective in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms.

Emotional Awareness: An Enhanced Computer Mediated Communication Using Facial Expressions

This paper describes the design of a prototype for an emotionally enhanced computer mediated communication system which is aimed at compensating for the emotional distance between communicators. The prototype system encourages the sender to take the emotional perspective of the message receiver by giving the sender a sense of how his message may affect the intended receiver, and by allowing the sender to reconsider sending the message or revise it. The objective of an emotionally enhanced communication system is to raise awareness to the ease in which a written word might be misinterpreted since emotions are too often unseen due to the nature of lean communication media. In order to show the receiver’s assumed emotion, the written text would be parsed before sending the message. An algorithm, for demonstrating the prediction of the emotion a written message might evoke, will choose a facial expression from a pool of 7 expressions, according to the words and phrases inserted in the message. We conducted a user test to evaluate the acceptance and attitudes toward such an emotionally enhanced communication system and received a high level of acceptance and favorable attitudes towards using it.

AB018.The impact of emotional priming on delayed discounting

Background:The aim of the current study is to investigate how consumer behaviour in a financial cost scenario,assessed by using a cost-discounting paradigm,can be influenced by an emotional state.To our knowledge,this is the first study to analyze the effect of emotional priming on cost discounting behavior.Cost discounting,is a phenomenon whereby a decline of subjective value is observed given a time delay before receiving,or losing,something of value.This raises the question:what traits and skills do these young individuals possess that allow them to inhibit acting to obtain an immediate reward?A common explanation by delayed discounting researchers is that individuals who have a higher subjective value as a function of time(i.e.,discount less),are able to control their emotional response to the reward(Gómez-Miñambres et al.,2017).By delving further into both emotion and discounting research,it becomes more apparent that the two factors interact,and deserve more attention in behavioural science and consumer behaviour research.Methods:Participants(N=144)were recruited from the John Molson School of Business Participant Pool.To induce emotion,images from the international affective picture system were used.Participants were randomly assigned to one of the five emotional priming conditions(neutral valence×neutral arousal,low valence×low arousal,low valence×high arousal,high valence×low arousal,high valence×high arousal).After viewing a series of 20 pictures that were presented sequentially for 5 seconds per image,participants were then tested in either cost scenario($1,000 or$25,000),with a succession of choices between incurring a fixed cost now,or a increased cost over a given time delay(e.g.,PAY$1,000 today,or PAY$1,250 in 1 month).Results:In both the$1,000 and$25,000 cost conditions,it was shown that the null hypothesis was approximately 16 times more likely to explain the variance accounted for(BF01=16.05,error=1.37%)in this experiment.However,it is noteworthy to address that between high arousal×positive valence and high arousal×negative valence conditions,the two conditions at opposing ends of the emotional priming spectrum,a significant difference was observed,t(64)=−2.27,P=0.03,d=0.56,BF10=2.00,error=0.01%,in their respective discounting rates.Conclusions:A significant result between the two previously mentioned subgroups is the comparison between the respective cost discounting behaviour of two most extreme ends of the pictorial emotional priming spectrum.These findings are to be taken anecdotally for a variety reason.The overall effect of difference between the five subgroups’discounting rates was observed to be vastly more probabilistic of the null hypothesis.The data collected for the current study demonstrates an association between visually induce emotional affect and cost-oriented decision making.However,there is in need of further investigation in order to establish any definitive linkages.

TC-Net:A Modest&Lightweight Emotion Recognition System Using Temporal Convolution Network

Speech signals play an essential role in communication and provide an efficient way to exchange information between humans and machines.Speech Emotion Recognition(SER)is one of the critical sources for human evaluation,which is applicable in many real-world applications such as healthcare,call centers,robotics,safety,and virtual reality.This work developed a novel TCN-based emotion recognition system using speech signals through a spatial-temporal convolution network to recognize the speaker’s emotional state.The authors designed a Temporal Convolutional Network(TCN)core block to recognize long-term dependencies in speech signals and then feed these temporal cues to a dense network to fuse the spatial features and recognize global information for final classification.The proposed network extracts valid sequential cues automatically from speech signals,which performed better than state-of-the-art(SOTA)and traditional machine learning algorithms.Results of the proposed method show a high recognition rate compared with SOTAmethods.The final unweighted accuracy of 80.84%,and 92.31%,for interactive emotional dyadic motion captures(IEMOCAP)and berlin emotional dataset(EMO-DB),indicate the robustness and efficiency of the designed model.

粉丝情感劳动的组织化运作——基于A明星全国后援会的剖析

从商业经济到社会公益,粉丝社群呈现的超强行动力和影响力引发社会和学界的关注。既有研究往往将粉丝社区、社群、组织等概念混为一谈,从个体意见领袖或社群外部的视角解读粉丝的情感劳动,一定程度上忽视了组织视角的情感劳动过程。因此,基于对A明星全国粉丝后援会的参与式观察和深度访谈,研究发现,在媒介、政策、文化等变迁中,后援会管理层与成员通过文化资本、情感等因素的交互架构生成了“饭圈”的组织化运作。一方面,管理层为促使粉丝情感劳动组织化,发展出圈层化、规范化、制度化三种整合策略;另一方面,成员通过自我进化、关系建构、反叛三种策略表现出对后援会的迎合或抵抗。深入挖掘粉丝组织内部的运转与劳动过程,不仅可以深入理解数字时代青年亚文化社群的组织实践,为“饭圈”乱象治理提供新的思路,也对虚拟组织的运转和维系具有重要借鉴意义。

教师情感劳动概念界定的三个误区

情感劳动是教师劳动的重要属性。教师情感劳动的概念界定需避免三个误区:对霍克希尔德“emotional labor”概念的拿来主义;未区分“情绪劳动”与“情感劳动”;对劳动异化的批判论遮蔽了基于情感本体的生命存在论,劳动(labor)遮蔽了存在(being)。消解上述误区的重要路径是从“厚概念”角度界定并廓清教师情感劳动的内涵。教师的情感劳动是一个情感意义结构,是一个基于情本体的、饱含着教育价值载荷的厚概念,能够将情绪劳动的合理内涵融括在内,用目的论涵括工具论,据之澄明积极自主建构的生命存在论视域,确证情感劳动之于教师专业成长的本体论意义。

社会情境对情绪感染的影响:一项基于EMG的超扫描研究

情绪感染是社会凝聚力和人际交往的重要催化剂,它能够促进个体间行为、注意力和情绪的同步。传统研究多从个体角度出发,考察社会情境对情绪模仿的影响,但人际情感交流远不止单向模仿。本研究首次采用EMG超扫描技术,结合双人互动范式,模拟真实社会互动,探究不同社会情境对情绪同步性的影响及其机制。研究发现,合作和竞争这两种社会背景对情绪感染具有不同的调节作用。在合作情境下,人际间的情绪感染得到加强,观察者体验到更高的情绪强度,且合作组在积极情绪交流中的面部表情同步性高于非合作组。相反,在竞争情境下,情绪感染被削弱,竞争组的观察者体验到更低的情绪强度,面部表情同步性也低于非竞争组。此外,研究还发现,合作和竞争情境激活的依存型和独立型自我建构,分别对面部表情同步性有正向和负向的预测作用。这些发现不仅丰富了我们对生态情境下社会情感互动的认知,也突显了超扫描技术在评估多人视角下人际交流中情绪同步性的重要性。

中小学教师情绪劳动的调节——基于归因视角

教师情绪劳动是个体为表达组织所期望的情绪而付出的努力、计划和控制,是以主体情感、价值事由和实践形态作为重要向度的劳动。随着新时代基础教育综合改革深入推进,一些教师劳动评价问题亟待破除和化解。“教师劳动是万能的”“教师为多得而劳动”“事事皆是教师职责”等评判的存在,使得教师劳动面临着主体错位、事由失当、形态泛化等偏差风险,容易造成教师的情绪劳动过度。为此,需要从凸显劳动主体地位、技术赋能劳动分类、政策机制保障劳动形态等维度,推动教师劳动评价的理性回归,以期增强教师的组织认同,助其产生积极情绪体验。

从中西医不同视角探讨情志与肝脏的相关性

近年来,随着生物-心理-社会医学模式的发展,精神情志因素与肝脏的关系越来越被重视。中医学传统理论认为,肝主疏泄,主调畅情志,与情志关系密切。流行病学研究表明,各类肝脏疾病均伴有不同程度的精神障碍,同时精神情志异常可能促进肝病的发生,影响其预后。肝脏与情志在病理上存在共同的发病机制,涉及神经、内分泌、免疫系统功能失调。本综述基于中医基础理论并结合现代医学研究,分析了情志与肝之间的相关性,同时从神经递质、炎症因子、脑源性神经营养因子(Brain derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)、可溶性环氧化物水解酶(Soluble epoxide hydrolase,sEH)、肠道微生态、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴、下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺(HPT)轴7个方面总结了肝脏疾病并发情志疾病的潜在机制,为今后的理论研究与临床治疗提供一定的参考价值。

情绪任务在情感障碍中的近红外脑功能成像研究进展

情绪任务(emotional task)是研究情感障碍(affective disorder)注意偏向和情感功能中的主要手段之一。基于情绪任务下功能性近红外光谱成像(functional near-infrared spectroscopy,fNIRS)的相关研究表明,面部情绪识别任务、情绪stroop任务以及情绪诱导任务结合fNIRS技术在情感障碍诊断、治疗中具有临床价值,情感障碍患者注意功能和情绪处理存在的缺陷与左侧前额叶皮质异常激活有关,特别是脑激活模式的差异与抑郁障碍患者抑郁症状有关。使用fNIRS研究情绪任务的未来方向重点在联合多种神经影像学手段进行大样本纵向队列研究以获得更加客观的诊疗依据,以及对比不同情绪刺激材料所激活区域的差异。

中小学教师情绪劳动、师生关系与工作投入的纵向作用机制——基于变量中心和个体中心的视角

基于变量中心和个体中心的双重视角,探讨中小学教师情绪劳动对工作投入的影响,以及师生关系的中介作用。采用情绪劳动问卷、师生关系问卷和工作投入量表对829名中小学教师进行为期六个月的短期追踪问卷调查,结果发现:(1)T1表层行为显著负向预测T2工作投入,T1深层行为和自然行为则无法显著预测T2工作投入,T1师生关系在T1表层行为与T2工作投入之间具有部分中介作用,而在T1深层行为、自然行为与T2工作投入之间具有完全中介作用;(2)潜在剖面分析识别出4类不同的教师情绪劳动剖面,即自然展现组、低展现组、中等展现组和高展现组,其中自然展现组师生关系品质最佳,工作投入水平最高,并且各亚组分布受教师性别、是否班主任以及发展阶段等因素影响;(3)以自然展现组为参照组,T1师生关系在低展现组、中等展现组与T2工作投入之间分别具有完全中介和部分中介作用。研究结论为改善教师情绪劳动和提升教师工作投入的教育实践提供了理论依据,为助力教育的情感转向和教师队伍建设提供了新视角。

联合一体化救治的沉浸式剧本设计提高急诊科护士情绪劳动与急救能力的效果评价

目的 探讨联合一体化救治的沉浸式剧本对急诊科护士情绪劳动与急救能力的干预效果,为提高急诊科护士情绪调节与急救能力提供新方法和新思路。方法 于2021年9月—2022年5月,将60名急诊科护士按照随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组,每组30人。对照组接受常规院内及科室护理培训,干预组在其基础上开展沉浸式剧本培训及体验演练,共4次,每次40 min,完成整体培训后,采用《杰弗逊共情量表》和《情绪劳动量表》对两组护士情绪调节水平进行评定,应用急性脑卒中患者静脉溶栓给药时间、住院时间和神经功能缺损评分评价护士急救能力。结果 干预组护士年龄(30.87±3.46)岁,本科学历27人、专科学历2人;对照组护士年龄(29.38±1.63)岁,本科学历28人、专科学历1人。干预组护士的共情量表得分均高于对照组(P<0.05);干预组护士情绪劳动评分高于对照组,表层扮演评分低于对照组,深层扮演和情绪表达评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。选择两组护士分别接诊的30名急性脑卒中溶栓患者,干预组患者的溶栓药物进入血管时间以及总住院时间较对照组患者减少,ASIA中枢损伤严重程度评分显著降低(P<0.05),干预组患者总体满意程度(96.67%)较对照组患者(63.33%)明显提升(P<0.05)。结论 沉浸式剧本联合一体化救治方案的设计与实施能有效提升急诊科护士的共情能力、情绪劳动水平及患者抢救效果,对急诊护士的综合能力提高具有临床推广意义。