Empirical Analysis on Urbanization Patterns in Zhejiang Province Based on Spatial Economy and GIS

Regional core cities are the growth poles for regional economic development, thus the issue about efficient urbanization pattern has always become a hot spot among researchers and policy makers. The Spatial Economy can be employed to improve it. Nevertheless, there actually exists an obvious gap between its theoretical models and the empirical simulation. To do so, this paper modifies the measurement of initial geographical advantages Stelder gave, and implements the empirical analyses of urban distribution in Zhejiang during the period of 1980-1990 by means of computer simulations in GIS environment. There are several interesting results achieved in this process. Firstly, given the values of parameters （transport cost is r, substitution elasticity of manufacturing sector p, and income share of spending on manufacture δ）, initial geographical advantages have the different impacts on urban systems, namely, urban locations, numbers and sizes over time across space. Secondly, the cities were distributed without any overlay in geographical space, which makes the patterns of urbanization generate the largest possible economic efficiencies. Thirdly, the urban systems-the location, number and size of Cities-from the simulation of the study area are suitable for the actual social and economic situations in the real world during the testing periods. Such results may have substantial implications for the policy how to choose the way of urbanization in a region.

Analysis of the regional spectral properties in northwestern South China Sea based on an empirical orthogonal function

This study presents an analysis of the spectral characteristics of remote sensing reflectance(Rrs)in northwestern South China Sea based on the in situ optical and water quality data for August 2018.Rrswas initially divided into four classes,classes A to D,using the max-classification algorithm,and the spectral properties of whole Rrs were characterized using the empirical orthogonal function(EOF)analysis.Subsequently,the dominant factors in each EOF mode were determined.The results indicated that more than 95%of the variances of Rrs are partly driven by the back-scattering characteristics of the suspended matter.The initial two EOF modes were well correlated with the total suspended matter and back-scattering coefficient.Furthermore,the first EOF modes of the four classes of Rrs(A-D Rrs-EOF1)significantly contributed to the total variances of each Rrs class.In addition,the correlation coefficients between the amplitude factors of class A-D Rrs-EOF1 and the variances of the relevant water quality and optical parameters were better than those of the unclassified ones.The spectral shape of class ARrs-EOF1 was governed by the absorption characteristic of chlorophyll a and colored dissolved organic matter(CDOM).The spectral shape of class B Rrs-EOF1 was governed by the absorption characteristic of CDOM since it exhibited a high correlation with the absorption coefficient of CDOM(ag(λ)),whereas the spectral shape of class C Rrs-EOF1 was governed by the back-scattering characteristics but not affected by the suspended matter.The spectral shape of class D Rrs-EOF1 exhibited a relatively good correlation with all the water quality parameters,which played a significant role in deciding its spectral shape.

Empirical Analysis on Company＇s Competitiveness from Financial Index

Taking the enterprise survival ability and the development ability as a basis, this paper constructs the financial appraisal index system of enterprise competitiveness. Also, it draws the overall impression of the enterprise competitiveness through selecting listed f＇u＇ms＇ financial index of the equipment manufacturing industry, with the aid of factor analysis model, using the principal components analytic method, making rotation of varimax, and arranging the synthesizes enterprise competitiveness from the financial angle. After the empirical analysis, the paper completes appraisal and analysis which based on company＇s competitiveness from financial index.

Empirical Analysis of Agricultural Cultural Resources Value Evaluation under DEA Model

Agricultural culture is a productive activity about education and management.It aims at high efficiency and high quality,uses technology as its means,and takes nature as its carrier.Agricultural cultural resources are the product of the rapid development of modern economy.It promotes the development of the national economy and profoundly affects people's production and life.DEA model,also known as data envelope analysis method,is an algorithm that uses multiple data decision units for input and output training to obtain the final model.This article explains the concept and basic characteristics of agricultural culture.Through questionnaire surveys and expert interviews,we collected development data,screened human,material,and financial data,and calculated information on economic and social resources.On this basis,this paper establishes the evaluation index of agricultural culture based on DEA model.Then,through empirical analysis from a specific perspective,it can be concluded that increasing human,material and financial input can achieve economic and social benefits.Generally speaking,cultural investment can promote the development of the industry.The research results of this paper laid a theoretical foundation for the development of agricultural culture,and put forward a development model focusing on technology development,improving investment efficiency,and investing in material resources.

Understanding Human Development Potentials and Demands for Greenhouse Gas Emissions:with Empirical Analysis using time series and cross-sectional data

Based on an investigation of the meaning of development, the neo-classical economic approach to development, and the post-welfarist theory of development, this paper proposes a conceptual framework for understanding human development potentials, while undertaking empirical analysis using cross-sectional and time series data on human development. Human development is associated with basic necessities for subsistence, the quality of life, and political and civil rights, in addition to income indicators. Our analysis suggests that the concept of human development potentials has two dimensions: the rights of development and limits to human development. Both are largely ignored in the neoclassical theory of development. However, human development is not unbounded, which approaches to a relatively fixed constant at given economic, technological and institutional conditions. This conceptual understanding is supported by results from the empirical examination of the relationships between demands for carbon

Empirical Analysis on Dominant Agriculture in Agricultural Districts and Counties of Tianjin

At present,developing the dominant agriculture plays an essential role in promoting the agricultural modernization of Tianjin. Based on the theory of location quotient,this paper made a quantitative analysis of the dominant agriculture in the agricultural districts and counties of Tianjin. According to the analysis,it made a qualitative analysis of the factors. Finally,it determined the dominant agriculture of each agricultural district and county of Tianjin.

Empirical analysis on China money multiplier

The paper firstly represents two kind statements of China money multipliers and theoretically analyzes the relationship between each structure factor and China money multiplier. Secondly, it summarizes the several features and the move trends of China narrow and broad money multipliers and their structure factors. Thirdly, the paper empirically analyzes how and what degree the each structure factor affects China narrow and broad money multipliers holding everything else constant. At last two important conclusions are got, that is, the required reserve ratio is the most associated with China money multipliers and the saving deposit ratio is more associated with that, the required reserve ratio and the interest rates can be used as the ways of affecting money aggregate by the People＇s Bank of China.

Empirical Analysis on Relationship between Apple Futures and Spot Prices in China

Taking a total of 903 apple futures data from Zhengzhou Futures Exchange as research samples, and through unit root test, cointegration test, error correction, Granger causality test and variance decomposition with the aid of Eviews 8.0, this paper made an empirical analysis on the relationship between Zhengzhou apple futures market and Chinese apple website(pingguo7.cn) spot market price. It concluded that the main continuity of apple futures has an absolute advantage over the reference value of the futures index, and apple market participants can achieve hedging through the futures and spot market.

An Empirical Study of Downstream Analysis Effects of Model Pre-Processing Choices

This study uses an empirical analysis to quantify the downstream analysis effects of data pre-processing choices. Bootstrap data simulation is used to measure the bias-variance decomposition of an empirical risk function, mean square error (MSE). Results of the risk function decomposition are used to measure the effects of model development choices on model bias, variance, and irreducible error. Measurements of bias and variance are then applied as diagnostic procedures for model pre-processing and development. Best performing model-normalization-data structure combinations were found to illustrate the downstream analysis effects of these model development choices. In additions, results found from simulations were verified and expanded to include additional data characteristics (imbalanced, sparse) by testing on benchmark datasets available from the UCI Machine Learning Library. Normalization results on benchmark data were consistent with those found using simulations, while also illustrating that more complex and/or non-linear models provide better performance on datasets with additional complexities. Finally, applying the findings from simulation experiments to previously tested applications led to equivalent or improved results with less model development overhead and processing time.

Empirical Analysis of Chinese Industries＇ International Competitiveness after China＇s WTO Entry

Based on recent statistical data, this paper presents an empirical analysis on the current status and evolution of international competitiveness of Chinese industries after China＇s accession a decade ago into the World Trade Organization （WTO）. Our findings conclude that international competiveness of Chinese industries has increased during the decade. Although comparative advantage of traditional labor-intensive industries is on the decline and that of technology- and capital-intensive industries is on the rise, labor-intensive industries remain the most advantageous. Competitive advantages of labor-, technology- and capital-intensive industries have all improved. Growing competitive advantage of Chinese manufacturing is a major force behind the international competiveness of Chinese industries, and traditional labor-intensive industries maintain strong international eompetiveness. Meanwhile, rapid developments of some technology- and capital-intensive industries have strengthened the international eompetiveness of Chinese industries. China is now on the eve of a second round of rapid improvement in its industrial international competitiveness. In the short- and medium-term, acquiring ＂market economy status＂ in 2016 will further release advantages of Chinese industries. Further over the next two decades, China will usher in a new era of strategic opportunities which will serve as an additional source of sustainable improvement in its industrial international competiveness.

Research on College English Teaching Model Optimization under Information Technology Background： Taking Xi＇an University as Empirical Analysis Example

In this paper, we conduct research on college English teaching model optimization under information technology background with the Xi＇ an university as the empirical analysis example. The professional talent training is a systems engineering, to cultivate excellent talents with international communication and competition ability can＇ t just rely on their own teaching quality improvement of the academic disciplines, such as no college English in helping to train the students in English tbr the professional study and research of academic ability, students can＇ t understand the foreign teachers＇ English teaching or lecture, can＇ t direct reading professional literature in English, it is hard to reach this goal. Under this condition, we enhance the teaching approaches with integration of information technology and conduct empirical analysis on Xi＇ an university.

An Empirical Analysis of the High-tech SMEs＇ Financing Based on Eviews5.0

This paper mainly studied the Financing Strategies of SMEs. It firstly collected literal reviews, and analyzed preliminarily the selection of the financing sample variables and data variables. Secondly, combined with Eviews5.0 software, it built a High-tech SMEs＇ financing model and deeply dug the factors affecting the financing of High-tech SMEs. Finally, combined with practical experience, this paper explored the measurements of financing taken by SMEs, and analyzed new financing channels. This paper made some contribution to the development of the High-tech SMEs＇ financing.

Empirical Analysis on the Peasants＇ Cultivated Land Abandonment Decision-making Behaviors in Central China and the Subjective Factors of the Peasants --Jiangxi Province Is Taken as an Example

Following China＇s rapid advance the process of industrialization and urbanization, a large number of rural labor into cities, abandoned land becomes a universal phenomenon and shows an enlarge spread trend. Therefore, the food security of our country is threatened. This article will according to the farmers＇ angle of view, from the farmers owned their own labor, land and capital three aspects, uses field survey data to analyze the relationship between the situation of human capital, employment policy, farmland status and management decision, income and investment decision-making this five aspects and land reclamation. The result shows that age, education, arable area, whether the land transfer, engaged in non-agricultural sector employment time, work area, per capita income, non-agricultural income and investment has a significant impact on arable land abandonment, and reflect the development potential of the family of peasants and a tendency of development having a positive correlation with arable land abandonment, this phenomenon reflects in our nation, the rural residents are divorced from the original rural living environment and integrate into cities, a gradual process of get rid of the original way of life in the new way.

Empirical Analysis of the Effect of Higher Education on Reducing Crime Rate

The theory of pedagogy tells us that the process of the formation of individual moral character is the process of socialization. In social life, especially in the stage of school education of all types and at all levels, individuals through school education and observational learning, role playing, grasp the moral knowledge, moral conduct and specification, and will them into their own beliefs as well as forming the stable moral consciousness and finally to moral behavior, moral quality can be built up. The criminal psychology school explains the criminal behavior by Freud＇ s theory of personality structure. Freud said： ＂I＂ is the most primitive part of personality, ＂self＂ is ＂my＂ in the social environment with the development of the ＂super-me＂ is the moral of the ＂self＂ , it Guide the ＂self＂ to limit the ＂I＂ psychological impulses. ＂Super me＂ is the highest level of personality structure. Under this basis, this paper proposes the empirical analysis on the relationships. In the future, more related research will be finalized.

An Empirical Analysis of the Growth of IT Enterprises in China

The paper makes an empirical analysis on the main factors affecting IT corporate growth-human resource and R＆D. By using data of China＇s listed IT companies, we focus on the relationship among corporate value （net return of equity, ROE） or development of COl＇porate value （Tobin＇s Q） and manager＇s salary, R＆D fee, R＆D employee etc. The conclusion shows that development of corporate value （Tobin＇s Q） has correlativity positive with the plurality of board chairman and general manager, independent directors＇ proportion, R＆D fee, and R＆D employees while it is non-obvious positive with salary of superior managers, holding stocks of general manager, capital investment, and negative with corporate scale. The conclusion is accordant with the development status of Chinese IT corporate.

Empirical Analysis of Evaluation of English Teachers＇ Educational Ability Under MOOC Environment

In order to improve the English teachers＇ education ability evaluation accuracy, promote the upgrading of the level of English teacher education, the evaluation model of English teacher education ability is proposed in MOOC environment. Data fusion model of English teacher education ability evaluation index is obtained based on big data analysis method, data clustering analysis of English teaching evaluation indicators is carried out, Characteristic data of English Teaching are extracted, and combining fuzzy C means algorithm to analyze the characteristics of English teachers＇ educational ability in MOOC environment, adaptive mining evaluation of English teachers＇ educational ability is realized. Then we develop and design the evaluation system of English teacher education ability under the MOOC environment. The empirical data analysis is taken, and results show that it has good accuracy by using this method for evaluation of English teacher＇s ability, it improves the comprehensive evaluation level of English teachers.

An Empirical Analysis of Factors Affecting Mentoring Relationship between Supervisor and Postgraduate

The mentoring relationship between supervisor and postgraduate is crucially important to ensure the quality of education for postgraduates.In this paper,factors affecting the mentoring relationship were investigated by a binary logit model using data collected from 345 postgraduates.In addition,marginal effects were introduced to quantify the effects of factors on mentoring relationship.A total of 11 factors were found to be significant,and four of them could increase the risk of supervisor-postgraduate conflict,while the remaining seven factors could decrease the risk of supervisor-postgraduate conflict.Findings from this study can help better understand the mechanism of supervisor-postgraduate conflicts and develop effective countermeasures.

From Trends to Drivers:Key Factors Propelling Electric Vehicle Sales

With the rapid advancement of human economic levels and modern civilization,the automobile manufacturing industry is increasingly confronted with challenges related to energy scarcity and environmental pollution.Low carbon emissions and energy savings have become the main focus of automotive development.Under the influence of government incentives,the sales of household electric vehicles(EVs)have increased significantly,although they still represent a small share of the overall car market.To examine the factors influencing consumer purchases of household EVs,this report integrates both qualitative and quantitative analyses,controlling for single variables.Using linear regression,an empirical analysis was conducted on 18 BYD models with varying ranges and prices.The results indicate a strong positive correlation between driving range,selling price,and EV sales.Looking ahead,the development of new energy vehicles should prioritize longer ranges,high-quality features,and cost-effective performance.

Study on the Influence of Lanzhou-Urumqi High-Speed Railway on Regional Accessibility and Economic Development

The Lanzhou-Urumqi high-speed railway is an important part of the railway network connecting Gansu,Qinghai,and Xinjiang,and it is of far-reaching significance in facilitating China’s western development.An accessibility model and a double difference model were built to analyze the impact of the Lanzhou-Urumqi high-speed railway on regional accessibility and economic development of the areas along the line before(2012-2014)and after(2017-2019)its opening.The results show that the regional accessibility remains unchanged before and after the operation of this railway line.However,there is a spatial difference in improvement,that of central cities being better.The opening of the high-speed railway is conducive to driving the overall economic development of the region and promoting the comprehensive and coordinated development of regional economies.

Spatio-temporal variability of surface chlorophyll a in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea based on reconstructions of satellite data of 2001-2020

Chlorophyll-a(Chl-a)concentration is a primary indicator for marine environmental monitoring.The spatio-temporal variations of sea surface Chl-a concentration in the Yellow Sea(YS)and the East China Sea(ECS)in 2001-2020 were investigated by reconstructing the MODIS Level 3 products with the data interpolation empirical orthogonal function(DINEOF)method.The reconstructed results by interpolating the combined MODIS daily+8-day datasets were found better than those merely by interpolating daily or 8-day data.Chl-a concentration in the YS and the ECS reached its maximum in spring,with blooms occurring,decreased in summer and autumn,and increased in late autumn and early winter.By performing empirical orthogonal function(EOF)decomposition of the reconstructed data fields and correlation analysis with several potential environmental factors,we found that the sea surface temperature(SST)plays a significant role in the seasonal variation of Chl a,especially during spring and summer.The increase of SST in spring and the upper-layer nutrients mixed up during the last winter might favor the occurrence of spring blooms.The high sea surface temperature(SST)throughout the summer would strengthen the vertical stratification and prevent nutrients supply from deep water,resulting in low surface Chl-a concentrations.The sea surface Chl-a concentration in the YS was found decreased significantly from 2012 to 2020,which was possibly related to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO).