Study of Transport and Separation of Rare Earth Ions through the Emulsion Liquid Membrane of Bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic Acid-Span 80-Toluene

It is indicated from a study of transport of rare earth ions through the emulsion liquid mem- brane of bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid-Span 80-toluene that transporting rare earth ions com- pletely and rapidly was realized under the optimum experimental conditions:1.0×10^(-3)～3.0×10^(-3)mol/L bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid and 2%～4%(W/V)Span 80 in toluene solution as membrane phase,0.50～2.0 mol/L HCl as inner phase,rare earth ion solutions with pH 3.5～5.0 as outer phase.Ac- cording to the differences of transport behavior for rare earth ions,it is possible to separate rare earth ions from mixed solutions of rare earth ions by this liquid membrane system.

Extraction of Amino-J Acid from Waste-water by Emulsion Liquid Membrane

The emulsion liquid membrane technique was used to extract amino-J acid from industrial dye waste-water.The effects of stirring speed,ratio of the emulsion to water(Rew),ratio of the oil to internal phase(Roi)and membrane phase components on the extraction rate were investigated and optimized.The results showed that the extraction rate of amino-J acid approached 97% when the stirring speed was 300 r/min,Rew 1:6,Roi 1:1,trioctylamine(TOA)3 mL/100 mL kerosene,and methyl?didecyle?alcohol?acrylate(LMA-2)3 g/100 mL kerosene,respectively.The extraction rate had not changed with the oil phase reused for times.

Design and manufacture of emulsion liquid membrane based on various amine extractants for separation and extraction of succinic acid from fermentation broth

The aim of this study was to design a new emulsion liquid membrane(ELM)system for the separation of succinic acid from aqueous solutions.The concentration of succinic acid varied from 20 to 60 mmol·L^(-1).The prepared ELM system includes tributylamine(TBA)as a carrier,commercial kerosene as a solvent,Span 80 as a surfactant,and Na2CO3as a stripping agent.In order to control the membrane swelling,different values of cyclohexanone were added to the membrane phase.The effect of various empirical variables on the extraction of the succinic acid such as acid concentration in the feed solution,initial feed concentration,carrier concentration,the stirring speed of the extraction,Na2CO3,surfactant,and cyclohexanone concentrations,and treat ratio in the ELM system.The best result was obtained when TBA was used as the carrier.The final acid extraction efficiency was independent of pH variations of the aqueous feed solution.The extraction of succinic acid solution with a concentration of 40 mmol·L^(-1)was improved by increasing the treat ratio 1:7-1:3,stripping phase concentration 0.5-1.5 mol·L^(-1),stirring speed 300-500 r·min^(-1)and cyclohexanone concentration in the membrane phase 1.2-1.6 mol·L^(-1).No considerable effect on the extraction rate was observed for the carrier concentration in the membrane phase.But,the surfactant concentration in the feed phase showed a dual effect on the extraction efficiency.

Enrichment of Trace Cerium by Liquid Membrane and Its Determination by Spectrophotometry

Introduction Since it was discovered in 1968,liquid membrane separation technique has been widely studied,particularly in separating or recovering some metal ions.It is a novel study that trace substances in analytical chemistry are enriched by liquid membrane.There have been few reports on enriching cerium by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) now.Therefore,authors studied the liquid membrane methed for enriching trace cerium.The sensibility measuring cerium by spectrophotometry was increased greatly.

TBP/TOA液膜体系中铬(VI)的传输研究

以三正辛胺TOA和磷酸三丁酯TBP为流动载体,Span-80作表面活性剂,煤油为稀释剂,研究了六价铬离子从外水相pH=1.0～1.5H2SO4溶液到内水相0.7mol/LNaOH溶液的乳化液膜传输,考察了液膜组成、内水相NaOH浓度、外水相pH值、油内比Rio、乳水比Rew以及共存离子等对Cr( )传输的影响,通过分离实验确立了最佳液膜传输条件。将该方法应用于电镀废水中铬的回收处理,取得了满意结果。

P204-TBP协萃体系用于乳状液膜提取铀(Ⅵ)的研究

介绍了Ｐ２０４－ＴＢＰ协萃体系用于乳状液膜法提取铀（Ⅵ）的研究。研究了在乳状液膜法中协萃载体ＴＢＰ的用量、乳状液膜制备条件、乳状液膜的膜相、膜内相和膜外相的组成对提取铀（Ⅵ）的影响。实验结果表明：（１）在硝酸铀酰体系中，膜相协萃载体ＴＢＰ占载体总量２０％—４０％时，铀（Ⅵ）的分配比是单一载体Ｐ２０４的３倍左右；在硫酸铀酰体系中，也有明显协同萃取效应。（２）当表面活性剂Ｓｐａｎ８０的体积分数为２％、膜内相Ｈ２ＳＯ４浓度为３—３．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，可获得稳定的乳状液膜；膜外相ｐＨ控制在２左右，能获得满意的铀（Ⅵ）提取率；对铀（Ⅵ）含量较高的料液应该提高协萃载体浓度或适当增加乳状液与膜外相料液的体积比；料液中存在Ｆｅ３＋离子对液膜提取铀（Ⅵ）会产生不良影响，而ＳＯ２－４离子的影响并不明显。（３）Ｎａ２ＣＯ３溶液虽然也是铀（Ⅵ）的良好反萃剂，但它不能作乳状液膜法中提取铀（Ⅵ）的膜内相。膜内相的选择不仅考虑它是合适的常规反萃剂，而且要考虑膜内相与膜相的相容性。

新型乳状液膜萃取RE(Ⅲ)动力学条件研究

稀土元素间电子层结构和物理化学性质极其相似,导致其难以分离,因此,稀土元素萃取分离一直是稀土冶金的研究热点问题。研究了以6%D2EHPA为流动载体、5%T154为表面活性剂、3.0mol/LHCl溶液为内水相、磺化煤油为膜溶剂,控制相比(Roi)为1.5制备一种新型乳状液萃取剂。通过用该乳状液萃取剂在硫酸体系下分别萃取La^(3+)、Ce^(3+)、Sm^(3+)、Eu^(3+)、Ho^(3+)和Er^(3+)6种稀土离子,确定了乳状液膜法(ELM)萃取RE(Ⅲ)的最优动力学条件。结果表明:最优动力学条件为乳化时间5min,萃取时间6min,乳水比(Rew)0.5,萃取温度25℃,外水相为稀土元素水溶液;该条件下,La^(3+)最高萃取率为99.92%,最大富集比为3.33,传质速率k=9.35×10^(-10)m/s,ELM对低浓度La^(3+)溶液表现出优异的萃取性能和富集效果。

磷酸三丁酯为载体的乳状液膜体系迁移钇(Ⅲ)的研究

本文用磷酸三丁酯（ＴＢＰ）－ＬＭＳ－２－磺化煤油乳状液膜体系研究了Ｙ（Ⅲ）的迁移行为。当膜相组成为５．０％ＴＢＰ和２．０％ＬＭＳ－２，内相为０．１０ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３ＮａＨＣＯ３，外相含６ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３ＮＨ４ＮＯ３，酸度为ｐＨ＝３时，Ｙ（Ⅲ）能快速并完全迁移。常见过渡元素离子如Ｆｅ２＋，Ｃｏ２＋，Ｎｉ２＋，Ｍｎ２＋，Ｚｎ２＋等均不迁移，故可以从这些离子的混合液中分离Ｙ（Ⅲ），回收率可达９８％以上。

用以磷酸三丁酯为载体的乳状液膜提取钕（Ⅲ）的研究

用磷酸三丁酯－Ｓｐａｎ８０－二甲苯乳状液膜体系研究了Ｎｄ（Ⅲ）的迁移行为。当膜相组成为０．０４０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸三丁脂和３％（ｗ／ｖ）Ｓｐａｎ８０，内相为０．１５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３，外相为２．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＮＯ３，Ｎｄ（Ⅲ）能快速并完全迁移。常见过渡元素离子Ｆｅ２＋、Ｃｏ２＋、Ｎｉ２＋、Ｍｎ２＋、Ｚｎ２＋、Ｃｄ２＋、Ｃｕ２＋等均不迁移，故可以从这些离子的混合液中分离Ｎｄ（Ⅲ），其回收率达９４％以上。

磷酸三丁酯/煤油支撑液膜体系中苯酚的传质分离

研究了苯酚在以多孔聚丙烯平板膜(Celgard2500)为支撑体、磷酸三丁酯(TBP)为膜载体和煤油为膜溶剂的支撑液膜体系中的传质过程;用传统萃取法测定了TBP/煤油体系中苯酚络合物摩尔比为1∶1,同时得到25.0℃萃取平衡常数为96.72;考察了原料相pH值、初始质量浓度、膜二侧转速、载体浓度和反萃取相碱浓度对苯酚传质的影响,确定了该体系分离苯酚的最佳条件:原料相pH<9,苯酚初始质量浓度<1 000 mg/L,膜二侧转速>300 r/m in,载体浓度为0.55 mol/L,反萃取相碱浓度0.10 mol/L;根据双膜理论提出苯酚的传质动力学方程,采用直线斜率法计算了苯酚在TBP/煤油支撑液膜体系中的扩散层厚度和膜内扩散系数,计算结果表明动力学方程计算值能较好地与实验值吻合,平均相对误差在2%以内。

磷酸三丁酯为载体的乳状液膜体系迁移钇(Ⅲ)的研究

用磷酸三丁酯（ＴＢＰ）－ＬＭＳ－２－磺化煤油乳状液膜体系研究了Ｙ（Ⅲ）的迁移行为。当膜相体积分数为５．０％ＴＢＰ和２．０％ＬＭＳ－２，内相为０．０１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＨＣＯ３，外相含６ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ４ＮＯ３，酸度为ｐＨ＝３时，Ｙ（Ⅲ）能快速并完全迁移。常见过渡元素离子如Ｆｅ２＋，Ｃｏ２＋，Ｎｉ２＋，Ｍｎ２＋，Ｚｎ２＋等均不迁移，故可以从这些离子的混合液中分离Ｙ（Ⅲ），回收率可达９８％以上。

液膜法处理硫普罗宁废水的研究

采用Ｗ/Ｏ型乳状液膜法提取水溶液中的硫普罗宁,考察了载体、温度、硫普罗宁浓度以及油内比、试剂比、乳水比对提取率的影响．并得出了液膜法提取硫普罗宁的最佳乳液配方:油内比＝１:１,乳水比＝１:２,试剂比＝６－８,载体浓度＝５%,温度２０℃,转速＝２４０－２５０ｒ·ｍｉｎ－１,其提取率高达９０%．

乳化液膜法处理含Cr(Ⅲ)废水

The transfer behavior of Cr（Ⅲ） through the emulsion liquid membrane system of TBP-Span80-atoleine -kerosene was studied.The effects of membrane phase component, pH value in external phase, concentration of H2SO4 in internal phase,ratio of emulsion-water （R ew）and coexisting ions on the transport rate of Cr（Ⅲ） were investigated.The results showed that the transport rate of Cr（Ⅲ）could reach 99.5% under the optimun conditions of 7%TBP, 5%Span80, 4% atoleine, 84%kerosene, 1.0 mol·L -1 H2SO 4 in internal phase and pH 3.5 in external phase.This method was applied to the treatment of Cr（Ⅲ） waste-water, and the residual concentration of Cr（Ⅲ） could be reduced to 1.0 mg·L -1 ,which was below the national standard of waste-water discharge.

以磷酸三丁脂为载体的乳状液膜迁移、分离稀土元素的研究──Sm（Ⅲ）与常见阳离子的分离

用磷酸三丁酯－Ｓｐａｎ８０－二甲苯乳状液膜体系迁移Ｓｍ（Ⅲ）的研究表明，在确定的条件下，可以快速并完全迁移Ｓｍ（Ⅲ）。许多常见离子不能在此条件下通过液膜迁移，故可从含有Ｆｅ￣（２＋）、Ｃｏ￣（２＋）、Ｎｉ￣（２＋）、Ｃｕ￣（２＋）Ｚｎ￣（２＋）、Ｃｄ￣（２＋）、Ｍｎ￣（２＋）等离子混合液中分离出Ｓｍ（Ⅲ），分离效率高。

乳状液膜分离技术的发展与应用

乳状液膜分离技术综合了固体膜分离法和溶剂萃取法的特点,是一种新兴的节能型分离手段。介绍了乳状液膜的组成和分类,并对其传质机理和分离过程中的影响因素进行了分析。对乳状液膜在废水处理和冶金工业方面的应用进行了具体介绍。

液膜法分离富集对氨基酚

A study on separation and enrichment of p aminophenol from aqueous solution with emulsion liquid membranes has been carried out The effects of pH in internal aqueous phase, the concentration of the carrier and surfactant were examed Under the optimal operation conditions, the experimental results show that the water treated attained the drainage standard when the concentration of p aminophenol is 500mg·L -1 , after dealing with two stage liquid membrane

乳状液膜法分离富集废旧镍镉电池中的镉

该文介绍了乳状液膜法分离富集废旧镍镉电池中的镉离子。乳状液膜主要由溶剂(煤油)、表面活性剂(Span80)、载体〔二(2-乙基己基)膦酸,P204〕和内水相氨水组成。对影响镉离子渗透和分离过程的重要变量进行了考察,分析了乳状液膜的载体体积分数、外水相pH、搅拌时间、乳水比(乳液与外水相体积比)及Span80体积分数对镍镉分离效果的影响,从而选择出最佳的分离条件为:φ(P204)=4.4%,φ(Span80)=8.8%,pH=5.5,乳水比0.5,搅拌时间10min。用此乳状液膜进行100L反应釜的工业放大实验,镉的迁移率可达93.3%,而镍的迁移率仅为14.6%。

乳化液膜提取柠檬酸及其溶胀的研究

本文研究了采用Ｗ／Ｏ型乳化液膜提取水溶液中的柠檬酸，同时研究了柠檬酸提取过程中水的传质行为（乳液溶胀）。考察了表面活性剂、载体、反草剂Ｎａ２ＣＯ３、柠檬酸浓度对柠檬酸传质和乳液溶胀的影响。实验结果表明：革取率随载体和内相试剂浓度的增加而增加；当载体和初始柠檬酸浓度较高时，乳液更易于溶胀，由此得出了除渗透压造成的乳液溶胀外，溶质与载体形成的络合物也能促成乳液的溶胀。提出了分离浓缩柠檬酸的最佳乳液配方。开辟了发酵产物中有机酸提取工艺的新途径。

乳状液膜法分离钨钼的研究弱碱性体系

进行了以氯化甲基三烷基铵（Ｎ２６３）为载体的乳状液膜在弱碱性条件下分离钨、钼的研究．利用钨、钼形成同多酸能力的差异，通过载体选择性迁移钨来分离钨、钼．考察了影响钨、钼分离的各种因素，得到了分离钨、钼的最佳操作条件．按某厂生产仲钨酸铵的料液中含钼８．９×１０－４ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３计算，经一级间歇式分离即可降至１．６×１０－４ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３达到要求（含钼低于２．１×１０－４ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３）

乳状液膜分离技术中的交流高电压破乳器

近20年来,国内外有关乳状液膜研究的结果表明,该技术实现工业化的关键在于设计并制造出具有最佳破乳效果的电破乳器。已有的关于乳状液膜电破乳技术的报道大都限于小型实验室装置,尚无成熟的定量设计方法。本文将结合高电压破乳器的平板电容模型,给出一种比较简单的设计方法。 2