Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in intrathoracic lymphadenopathy with extrathoracic malignancy

BACKGROUND Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration(EBUS-TBNA)for the diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lymph is poorly studied in patients with extrathoracic malignancies.AIM To evaluate the value of EBUS-TBNA for the diagnosis of enlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes in patients with extrathoracic malignancies.METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients with extrathoracic malignancies who were referred to Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 2013 to December 2018 for EBUS-TBNA due to intrathoracic lymphadenopathy.The specimens were defined as positive for malignancy,negative for non-malignancy(tuberculosis,sarcoidosis,etc.),and without a definitive diagnosis.Sensitivity,negative predictive value(NPV)for malignancy,and overall accuracy were calculated.Complications were recorded.RESULTS A total of 80 patients underwent EBUS-TBNA and had a final diagnosis,among which 50(62.5%)were diagnosed with extrathoracic malignancy with intrathoracic lymph nodes metastasis,14(17.5%)were diagnosed with primary lung cancer with nodal involvement,and 16(20.0%)exhibited benign behavior including tuberculosis,sarcoidosis and reactive lymphadenitis or who had benign follow-up.The diagnostic sensitivity,NPV,and accuracy of EBUS-TBNA for intrathoracic lymphadenopathy in patients with extrathoracic malignancy were 93.8%(n=60/64),80.0%(n=16/20),and 95.0%(n=76/80),respectively.In the multivariate analysis,longer short axis of the lymph node(OR:1.200,95%CI:1.024-1.407;P=0.024)and synchronous lung lesion(OR:19.449,95%CI:1.875-201.753;P=0.013)were independently associated with malignant intrathoracic lymphadenopathy.No characteristics of the lymph nodes and EBUS-TBNA were associated with the location of malignant intrathoracic lymphadenopathy,and no major complication was observed.CONCLUSION EBUS-TBNA is a simple and accurate procedure for the diagnosis of intrathoracic lymphadenopathy with extrathoracic malignancy.

The clinical application of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for staging of lung cancer

Objective To determine the value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) for staging of lung cancer. Methods The study was retrospective,a total of 52 patients underwent EBUSTBNA for known or suspected lung cancer. All patients were detected enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes on CT scan (≥ 1. 0 cm) . Results Of the 52 patients,41 patients were found with N2 or N3 disease

Accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided needle aspiration specimens for molecular diagnosis of non-small-cell lung carcinoma

BACKGROUND Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration(EBUS-TBNA)are highly sensitive for diagnosing and staging lung cancer.In recent years,targeted therapy has shown great significance in the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma(NSCLC).Using these minimally invasive techniques to obtain specimens for molecular testing will provide patients with a more convenient diagnostic approach.AIM To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of tissue samples obtained using EUSFNA and EBUS-TBNA for molecular diagnosis of NSCLC.METHODS A total of 83 patients with NSCLC underwent molecular testing using tissues obtained from EUS-FNA or EBUS-TBNA at the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2017 to June 2019.All enrolled patients underwent chest computed tomography or positron emission tomography/computed tomography prior to puncture.We detected abnormal expression of EGFR,KRAS,MET,HER2,ROS1 and anaplastic lymphoma kinase protein.Two patients failed to complete molecular testing due to insufficient tumor tissue.The clinical features,puncture records,molecular testing results and targeted treatment in the remaining 81 patients were summarized.RESULTS In a total of 99 tissue samples obtained from 83 patients,molecular testing was successfully completed in 93 samples with a sample adequacy ratio of 93.9%(93/99).Biopsy samples from two patients failed to provide test results due to insufficient tumor tissue.In the remaining 81 patients,62 cases(76.5%)were found to have adenocarcinoma,11 cases(13.6%)had squamous cell carcinoma,3 cases(3.7%)had adenosquamous carcinoma and 5 cases(6.2%)had NSCLC-not otherwise specified.The results of molecular testing showed EGFR mutations in 21 cases(25.9%),KRAS mutations in 9 cases(11.1%),ROS-1 rearrangement in 1 case(1.2%)and anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive in 5 cases(6.2%).Twentyfour patients with positive results received targeted therapy.The total effectiveness rate of targeted therapy was 66.7%(16/24),and the disease control rate was 83.3%(20/24).CONCLUSION Tissue samples obtained by EUS-FNA or EBUS-TBNA are feasible for the molecular diagnosis of NSCLC and can provide reliable evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration of undiagnosed mediastinal lymphadenopathy

Background Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration （EBUS-TBNA） can sample the enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes which are unreachable by conventional bronchoscopy.It is a relatively simple and safe method to see beyond the bronchial tree.We describe and discuss its initial application and our experience.Methods From July 2009 to December 2009, 52 patients with undiagnosed enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes were accessed with EBUS-TBNA in the People＇s Liberation Army General Hospital.Conventional bronchoscopy was performed before EBUS-TBNA, and patients with endobronchial lesions were excluded from this study.Smears fixed in 95% alcohol and histological specimens fixed in formalin were sent to Department of Pathology.Results EBUS-TBNA was diagnostic in 33 （63%） patients, with diagnosis of lung cancer in 23 patients （14 patients of small cell lung cancer, eight patients with adenocarcinoma, and one patient of squamous carcinoma）.Four patients, who had negative EBUS-TBNA results, were later diagnosed with malignancy at thoracotomy.One patient with negative EBUS-TBNA results died of cancer cachexia.The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of EBUS-TBNA for the diagnosis of neoplastic disease were 85%, 100%, 100%, and 50% respectively.Among the 16sarcoidosis patients, who were diagnosed by a combination of the clinical and radiological information as well as pathological results obtained by EBUS-TBNA, nine of them had granulomas and benign lymphoid cells detected by EBUS-TBNA.The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of EBUS-TBNA for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis were 56%, 100%, 100%, and 13%, respectively.Five patients with no definite diagnosis from EBUS-TNBA examination are under close follow-up.Conclusions EBUS-TBNA can provide a safe and effective method to sample mediastinal leisions suspected of malignancy.It also adds pathological information needed to make the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.

Application of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis of mediastinal lesions

Background Mediastinal lesions are often difficult to diagnose in clinical practice because of the unique anatomical position of the mediastinum, which makes performance of biopsy difficult. The value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis of lung cancer and mediastinal lymph node staging has been widely accepted. However, few studies have been conducted on the value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of mediastinal lesions. The current study was conducted to investigate the value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of isolated mediastinal lesions without lung abnormalities. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with isolated mediastinal lesions without lung abnormalities for whom endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration examination was performed at the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Peking University People＇s Hospital, between September 2009 and December 2010. For patients who could not be diagnosed with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration, surgical biopsy or more than 6 months of clinical and imaging follow-up was carried out. Results Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration was performed for 60 patients with isolated mediastinal lesions. Correct diagnosis was made in 48 cases. Nineteen cases were malignant, and 29 were benign. The rate of correct diagnosis was 80%. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in distinguishing benign from malignant mediastinal lesions were 95%, 100%, and 98%, respectively. The examination was tolerable for all patients. No associated complications were observed. Conclusion Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration is a safe and effective method of diagnosing mediastinal lesions.

First 30 endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspirations： a single institution＇s early experience

Background A new technique developed in 2002, aspiration （EBUS-TBNA）, has been one of the most real time endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle important tools in lymph nodes （LNs） staging before lung cancer surgery. EBUS-TBNA was introduced into China in 2008. Methods Between June 2009 and October 2009, 30 patients with mediastinal/hilar lymphadenopathy and thoracic masses previously detected with CT scan underwent EBUS-TBNA without rapid onsite cytological examination. Results From 30 patients, 33 samples were obtained from LNs and seven samples from intrapulmonary lesions. Twenty out of the 23 lung cancer diagnoses were clarified through the procedure, with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy being 87%, 100%, 100%, 70% and 90%, respectively. All three false negative cases were found in the first five procedures. Additionally, among the 33 LNs examined, three specimens that had no lymphocytes were also found within the first five procedures. There were no major complications, and the procedures were uneventful. Conclusions EBUS-TBNA seems a safe and effective technique in making diagnosis for mediastinal/hilar LNs and intrapulmonary masses. For pulmonologists experienced in bronchoscopy, the sensitivity of the procedure for diagnosing lung cancer should be no less than 90% after the initial five procedures.

Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration Increases the Yield of Transbronchial Lung Biopsy for the Evaluation of Peribronchial Lesions

Background： Due to absence of visible endobronchial target, the diagnostic yield of flexible bronchoscopy for peribronchial lesions has been unsatisfactory. Convex probe endobronchial ultrasound （CP-EBUS） has allowed for performing real-time transbronchial needle aspiration （TBNA） of enlarged hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes and therefore could also be used as a means of diagnosing proximal peribronchial lesions. Methods： We retrospectively analyzed the results related to 72 patients who underwent CP-EBUS for peribronchial lesions without endobronchial involvement and adjacent to three-grade bronchi based on chest computed tomography （CT） scan. We recorded the images during EBUS as well as the diagnostic results of TBNA and conventional-transbronchial lung biopsy/brush （C-TBLB/b）, and final diagnoses were based on pathologic analysis and follow-up. Results： In all cases, the mass was able to be identified using EBUS in 97.2% patients （70/72） who were performed with EBUS-TBNA ＋ C-TBLB/b. Sixty-six patients had a final diagnosis, 80.0% patients （56/70） had malignancies, and 14.3% patients （10/70） had benign disease. In malignancies, the diagnostic yield of C-TBLB/b was 57.1% （32/56） and in EBUS-TBNA was 85.7% （48/56）, whereas pathologic diagnosis reached 94.6% when EBUS-TBNA was combined with C-TBLB/b. C-TBLB/b ＋ EBUS-TBNA also exhibited stronger potency of histolytic diagnosis for malignancies than either EBUS-TBNA or C-TBLB/b alone. Furthermore, there are data supporting the value of EBUS-TBNA for the diagnosis of benign lung disease. Conclusion： The combined endoscopic approach with EBUS-TBNA and C-TBLB/b is an accurate and effective method for the evaluation of peribronchial lesions, with better results than using each technique alone.

Diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in intrapulmonary lesions

Background Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration （EBUS-TBNA） is considered to have high value in the staging of mediastinal lymph nodes in lung cancer. The current study was conducted to investigate the diagnostic value of EBUS-TBNA in intrapulmonary lesions located near the central airway. Methods From September 2009 to March 2013, 66 patients with pulmonary masses located close to the central airways suspected to be lung cancer were accessed by EBUS-TBNA. Conventional bronchoscopic biopsy before EBUS-TBNA was nondiagnostic in all cases. If EBUS-TBNA did not result in a formal pathological diagnosis of malignancy, patients were subsequently referred for a surgical procedure. ResuLts Among the 66 cases, 59 were confirmed as pulmonary malignancies by EBUS-TBNA, of which 48 cases were non-small cell lung cancer, nine were small cell lung cancer, and two were metastatic lung tumors. No evidence of malignancy was found by biopsy and histopathological examination in the other seven cases. Thoracoscopy or thoracotomy was subsequently undergone for them. Postoperative pathological examinations confirmed three cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, one case of lymphoma, two cases of sclerosing hemangioma, and one case of pulmonary tuberculoma. The definitive diagnosis rate of EBUS-TBNA for intrapulmonary lesions near the central airway was 89.4%. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of EBUS-TBNA in distinguishing benign from malignant intrapulmonary lesions were 93.7%, 100.0%, and 93.9%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 100.0% and 42.9%, respectively. The EBUS-TBNA procedures were well-tolerated by all patients. No associated complications were observed. Conclusions For intrapulmonary lesions near the central airway highly suspected of cancer, EBUS-TBNA has satisfactory diagnostic value. However, the negative predictive value of this technique is low, so negative results obtained by EBUSTBNA should be confirmed by other methods.

Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration versus Standard Bronchoscopic Modalities for Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis： A Meta-analysis

Background： Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration （EBUS-TBNA） is an effective technique used to precisely detect enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. The efficacy of EBUS-TBNA versus standard modalities for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis remains to be elucidated. In this meta-analysis, we compared the efficacies of these methods. Methods： We searched PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Wanfang, Cpvip, CNKI, and the bibliographies of the relevant references. We analyzed the data obtained with Revman 5.2 （Nordic Cochrane Center, Copenhagen, Denmark） and Stata 12.0 software （Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA）. The Mantel-Haenszel method was used to calculate the pooled odds ratio （OR） and 95% confidence intervals （Cls）. Results： Sixteen studies with a total of 1823 participants met the inclusion criteria, and data were extracted regarding the diagnostic yield of each approach. The ORs for EBUS-TBNA versus transbronchial lung biopsy （TBLB） for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis ranged from 0.26 to 126.58, and the pooled OR was 5.89 （95% CI, 2.20-15.79, P = 0.0004）. These findings indicated that EBUS-TBNA provided a much higher diagnostic yield than TBLB. The pooled OR for EBUS-TBNA ＋ TBLB ＋ endobronchial biopsy （EBB） versus TBNA ＋ TBLB ＋ EBB was 1.54 （95% C1, 0.61-3.93, P = 0.36）, implying that there was no significant difference between their diagnostic yields. However, clinical heterogeneity was reflected in the nature of the studies and in the operative variables. Conclusions： The results of this meta-analysis suggest that EBUS-TBNA ＋ TBLB ＋ EBB could be used for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis, if available. At medical centers without EBUS-TBNA, TBNA ＋ TBLB ＋ EBB could be used instead.

Diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration in superior vena cava syndrome

Background The pathological diagnosis is of critical importance to the subsequent treatment for the pathients with superior vena cava syndrome （SVCS）.The aim of this study is to report our experience in the diagnosis of SVCS by endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration （EBUS-TBNA）.Methods The data of 520 patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA from September 2009 to May 2012 at our institution were reviewed.Of these,there were 14 males and 6 females （mean age of 59.1 years） with SVCS who received EBUS-TBNA that were included in the analysis.Results The mean short axis diameter of the paratracheal lesions was （3.32±1.79） cm （range,1.69 to 9.50 cm） and 6 cases also had subcarinal lymph node enlargement with a mean short axis diameter of （2.14±0.49） cm （range,1.73 to 3.01 cm）.An average of 4.3 punctures was performed per lesion.Malignancy was confirmed in 16 cases （10 small cell carcinomas,4 adenocarcinomas,1 squamous cell carcinoma and 1 Hodgkin lymphoma）.In two patients,pathological examination of tissue revealed no evidence of malignancy and for 13 to 24 months of follow-up.One patient from whom adequate tissue was not obtained refused further surgical biopsy since he had undergone endovascular stenting of the SVC.One patient in whom a diagnosis was not obtained by EBUS-TBNA underwent thoracoscopic biopsy and the final diagnosis was B cell non-Hodgkin＇s lymphoma.The diagnosis accuracy of EBUS-TBNA in SVCS was 18/20 patients.Conclusion EBUS-TBNA is a highly effective and safe procedure for the diagnosis of SVCS.

支气管内超声引导下经血管针吸活检诊断肺门和纵隔病变的安全性和有效性

目的探讨支气管内超声引导下经血管针吸活检(EBUS-TVNA)在肺门和纵隔病变中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2021年6月-2023年1月该院接受超声支气管镜检查,因病变和气道间隔血管,行EBUS-TVNA的10例患者的临床资料。分析EBUS-TVNA诊断阳性率和并发症发生情况。结果10例患者中,8例穿过肺动脉和分支,2例分别穿过主动脉和上腔静脉。所有患者均成功获取标本。有8例患者明确诊断,恶性病变6例,良性病变2例,EBUS-TVNA诊断肺门和纵隔疾病的总体阳性率为80.0%(8/10),诊断恶性疾病的敏感度为85.7%(6/7),特异度为100.0%(3/3);有2例患者未能明确诊断,1例行经皮肺穿刺确诊为膀胱尿路上皮癌肺转移,1例随访6个月,病灶缩小归为良性。入组患者检查耐受性较好,均未发生严重并发症。结论EBUS-TVNA诊断肺门和纵隔病变,是一种安全有效的技术,可作为传统超声内镜技术的有效辅助手段。

全身麻醉及现场快速评价在EBUS-TBNA诊断肺癌中的价值

背景与目的肺癌是常见的呼吸系统恶性肿瘤。超声引导下经支气管针吸活检(endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration,EBUS-TBNA)是诊断肺癌和评估分期的重要工具。EBUS-TBNA大多在局部麻醉或清醒镇静下进行,而在全身麻醉下行EBUS-TBNA以及同时应用快速现场评价(rapid on-site evaluation,ROSE)能否进一步提高诊断效能目前仍未可知,本研究拟探索全身麻醉及ROSE在EBUS-TBNA诊断肺癌中的价值。方法回顾性分析164例于2018年1月至2022年12月于西南医科大学附属医院呼吸与危重医学科就诊患者的资料,所有患者术前均疑诊为肺癌并行EBUS-TBNA,根据是否行全身麻醉及ROSE将患者分为局麻组(n=54)、全麻组(n=67)和全麻ROSE组(n=43),分析各组的穿刺情况以及在疾病诊断方面的差异。结果局麻组的淋巴结穿刺针数高于全麻ROSE组(P<0.01)。三组患者的疾病总诊断率分别为87.04%、89.55%和90.70%,恶性肿瘤的诊断率分别为88.24%、88.89%和94.74%,均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。三组中没有患者出现严重并发症及麻醉相关不良反应。结论与局部麻醉联合静脉镇痛镇静相比,全身麻醉下实施EBUS-TBNA无论是否联合ROSE均可得到同样准确的结果,全身麻醉联合ROSE可以减少淋巴结穿刺针数。

快速现场评价技术指导宏基因组二代测序技术在肺部疑诊结节病中应用研究

目的探讨快速现场评价(ROSE)技术指导宏基因组二代测序技术(mNGS)在肺部疑诊结节病中的应用价值。方法选取自2022年1月至12月经胸部计算机断层扫描发现存在肺门和(或)纵隔淋巴结肿大且临床疑诊结节病而行支气管内超声引导下经支气管针吸活检(EBUS-TBNA)的96例患者为研究对象。根据是否行ROSE技术将患者分为ROSE组(n=42),非ROSE组患者(n=54),分析两组患者的穿刺针数、mNGS送检率、mNGS阳性率、非合格标本占比、诊断率等。结果ROSE组穿刺次数为(2.73±1.15)次,略高于非ROSE组的(2.44±1.06)次,但两组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ROSE组mNGS送检率为83.3%(35/42),明显低于非ROSE组的98.1%(53/54),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROSE组非合格标本占比为11.9%(5/42),明显低于非ROSE组的31.5%(17/54),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROSE组的诊断率为81.0%(34/42),明显高于非ROSE组的59.3%(32/54),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROSE组mNGS阳性率为34.0%(12/35),高于非ROSE组的26.0%(14/53),但两组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在肺部疑诊结节病需行EBUS-TBNA患者中,通过ROSE技术指导是否送检mNGS,可以降低mNGS送检率,降低非合格标本占比,提高诊断率。

雾化超微粒径盐酸戊乙奎醚在喉罩全麻患者EBUS-TBNA术中的临床研究

目的观察雾化吸入超微粒径盐酸戊乙奎醚(PHC)对超声引导下经支气管针吸活检(EBUS-TBNA)患者喉罩全麻后气道损伤的影响,并分析其作用机制。方法选取河南省人民医院2021年1月至2022年1月收治的126例行EBUS-TBNA的喉罩全麻患者进行随机对照试验,以随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,各63例。观察组男33例,女30例,年龄38~72(55.62±5.69)岁,采用经雾化吸入超微粒径PHC辅助喉罩全麻;对照组男32例,女31例,年龄40~70(56.33±5.25)岁,采用二羟丙茶碱注射液辅助喉罩全麻。比较两组患者治疗前后的炎症指标、气道形态学指标、通气功能变化情况,以及术后气道损伤发生情况。采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果术后,观察组的白细胞介素-13(IL-13)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)均低于对照组[(6.13±2.21)ng/L比(8.33±2.45)ng/L、(7.22±2.15)ng/L比(9.36±2.77)ng/L、(23.32±2.17)ppb比(26.61±5.41)ppb],差异均有统计学意义(t=5.29、4.84、4.48,均P<0.05)。术后,观察组的支气管基底膜周径(Pbm)、气道壁总厚度、气道平滑肌厚度均低于对照组[(1.77±0.24)cm比(2.16±0.38)cm、(7.15±2.41)mm^(2)/mm比(9.24±2.25)为mm^(2)/mm、(3.44±0.58)mm^(2)/mm比(4.41±1.27)mm^(2)/mm],差异均有统计学意义(t=6.89、5.03、5.52,均P<0.05)。术后,观察组的第一秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、呼气流量峰值(PEF)、用力肺活量(FVC)均高于对照组[(85.22±10.46)%比(78.25±10.13)%、(422.74±80.61)L/min比(378.25±80.24)L/min、(2.68±0.46)L比(1.92±0.74)L],差异均有统计学意义(t=3.80、3.11、6.92,均P<0.05)。术后,观察组的气道损伤发生率低于对照组[9.52%(6/63)比20.63%(13/63)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.82,P<0.05)。结论雾化吸入超微粒径PHC辅助喉罩全麻能有效改善EBUS-TBNA患者术后气道炎症反应及通气功能,其机制考虑与抑制气道平滑肌增殖、促进气道形态学恢复相关。

超声引导下经支气管针吸活检在纵隔囊肿诊治中的应用(附4例报告)

目的 总结超声引导下经支气管针吸活检(EBUS-TBNA)在纵隔囊肿治疗中的应用,以提高临床医生的认识。方法 回顾性分析该院4例接受EBUS-TBNA诊治的纵隔囊肿患者的临床资料,并复习EBUS-TBNA诊治纵隔囊性病变应用的相关文献,总结其临床应用及常见并发症。结果 4例纵隔囊性病变经气道内超声均可明确囊肿的诊断,通过对其囊液的分析,2例能够明确囊肿来源,1例出现了严重的感染相关并发症。结论 EBUS-TBNA可以作为纵隔囊性病变的有效诊断和治疗工具,但有可能出现严重的感染相关并发症,临床应用过程中,应选择合适的患者,严格把握无菌原则。

超声引导下经支气管针吸活检术获取组织标本培养在肺部感染性疾病诊疗中的应用观察

目的探讨超声引导下经支气管针吸活检术(EBUS-TBNA)获取组织标本培养在肺部感染性疾病诊疗中的应用价值。方法选择因经治失败、疑似肺部感染性疾病住院并接受EBUS-TBNA且完成组织标本培养的患者29例,其中行支气管肺泡灌洗液微生物培养14例。记录患者EBUS-TBNA获取组织标本及支气管肺泡灌洗液的微生物培养结果,判断EBUS-TBNA获取组织标本及支气管肺泡灌洗液培养的微生物是否为肺部感染责任病原体,计算诊断的临床符合率和敏感度、特异度;基于EBUS-TBNA获取组织标本的微生物培养结果调整抗菌治疗策略,记录患者的转归情况并计算有效率;记录患者EBUS-TBNA穿刺中及穿刺后并发症发生情况。结果29例患者中经综合诊断为肺部感染性疾病22例,其中17例EBUS-TBNA获取组织标本微生物培养阳性,阳性率为77.3%(17/22);14例行支气管肺泡灌洗液微生物培养的患者中5例微生物培养阳性,阳性率为35.7%(5/14),低于EBUS-TBNA获取组织标本(P<0.05)。17例EBUS-TBNA获取组织标本微生物培养阳性患者中,经临床判定为责任病原体的符合率为70.6%(12/17),治疗有效率为70.6%(12/17)。EBUS-TBNA获取组织标本培养出链球菌的患者责任病原体临床符合率为87.5%(7/8),治疗有效率为100%(7/7)。EBUS-TBNA获取组织标本微生物培养对责任病原体判定的敏感度和特异度分别为80.0%、28.6%;受肺结核和病毒性肺炎的混杂影响,EBUS-TBNA获取组织标本微生物培养结果与疾病最终诊断的临床符合率为63.6%(14/22)。14例行支气管肺泡灌洗液培养的患者判定为责任病原体的临床符合率为20.0%(1/5),低于EBUS-TBNA获取组织标本培养(P<0.05)。所有患者术中无大咯血,术后无新发血流感染;术后发生气胸1例,予胸腔穿刺抽气后胸闷好转;术后出现轻微痰中带血5例,未予处理后自行停止。结论EBUS-TBNA获取组织标本微生物培养较支气管肺泡灌洗液更易检出病原体且临床符合率更高,有助于提高临床责任病原体尤其是链球菌的检出率并指导临床治疗,且安全性较高。

EBUS-TBNA联合ROSE对肺门纵隔疾病的诊断价值

目的探讨经气管镜超声引导针吸活检(Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration,EBUSTBNA)联合快速现场细胞学评价(Cytological Rapid On-Site Evaluation,C-ROSE)对肺门纵隔疾病的诊断价值。方法回顾性收集2016年3月至2020年1月于我院就诊的127例肺门或纵隔淋巴结肿大患者的临床资料,其中仅行EBUS-TBNA者52例,记为非C-ROSE组,行EBUS-TBNA联合C-ROSE者75例,记为C-ROSE组。分析患者的一般资料、EBUS-TBNA情况、穿刺标本合格率、并发症情况、最终诊断结果、对肺癌的诊断价值以及一致性。结果非C-ROSE组穿刺标本合格率为90.38%,C-ROSE组为98.67%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.680,P=0.031)。非C-ROSE组并发症总发生率为11.54%,C-ROSE组为1.33%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.141,P=0.013)。C-ROSE组的诊断率(90.67%)、敏感度(95.71%)及准确度(96.00%)均高于非C-ROSE组(71.15%、82.22%、84.62%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.164、5.764、5.031,P=0.004、0.016、0.025)。C-ROSE组Kappa系数0.749(95%CI:0.479~1.019),与最终诊断结果的一致性较强(P<0.001)。结论EBUS-TBNA联合ROSE诊断肺门纵隔淋巴肿大,可提高穿刺标本质量、减少并发症,提高诊断率、敏感度以及准确度。

超声内镜引导下经支气管针吸活检术与支气管针吸活检术对纵隔及肺门占位性病变诊断价值的研究

目的:探讨分析超声内镜引导下经支气管针吸活检术(EBUS-TBNA)与经支气管针吸活检术(cTBNA)对纵隔及肺门占位性病变的诊断价值,为临床提供参考。方法:选取2019年1月—2021年12月广州中医药大学金沙洲医院收治的50例胸部CT提示纵隔及肺门占位性病变患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为两组。EBUS-TBNA组(n=25),进行EBUS-TBNA检查;c TBNA组(n=25),进行c TBNA检查。结果:EBUS-TBNA组敏感度、准确度比cTBNA组高,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.059、3.947,P<0.05)。EBUS-TBNA组良性疾病检出率比c TBNA组高,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.412,P<0.05)。结论:在纵隔及肺门占位性病变诊断中,EBUS-TBNA的可靠性、敏感性更让人满意,其诊断价值更高。

超声支气管镜引导下的经支气管针吸活检对肺癌的诊断价值

背景与目的本研究旨在评价超声支气管镜引导下的经支气管针吸活检(endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration,EBUS-TBNA)对肺癌的诊断价值和安全性。方法于2009年7月-2010年2月,对95例胸部CT检查显示纵隔/肺门淋巴结肿大和/或胸内气管或支气管旁肿块患者进行EBUS-TBNA,并未采取现场细胞学方法进行检测。结果95例患者中,其中经病理学检查和临床随访验证新发肺癌患者60例。60例肺癌患者共穿刺112组淋巴结,肺内肿块11例。60例肺癌患者中通过EBUS-TBNA明确诊断58例,假阴性2例,敏感性为96.67%、特异性100%。EBUS-TBNA过程安全,全部病例无并发症发生。结论EBUS-TBNA是诊断肺癌安全、有效的方法。

支气管内超声引导针吸活检术(EBUS-TBNA)在肺癌纵隔淋巴结分期中的临床应用

目的探讨支气管内超声引导针吸活检术(EBUS-TBNA)在肺癌纵隔淋巴结分期中的应用价值。方法回顾性总结2009年9月～2011年8月182例经EBUS-TBNA检查的肺癌患者的临床资料。术前所有患者胸部CT均发现纵隔淋巴结肿大(≥1.0cm)和(或)PET/CT提示纵隔淋巴结阳性。结果该组182例患者,经EBUS-TBNA检查证实纵隔淋巴结转移(阳性)者151例,未见纵隔淋巴结转移(阴性)者31例。阳性者放弃手术,予以化疗或新辅助治疗。阴性者接受胸腔镜或开胸手术,行肺叶切除或肺楔型切除加纵隔淋巴结清扫,术后病理证实26例纵隔淋巴结未见转移,5例纵隔淋巴结可见癌转移(EBUS-TBNA检查假阴性)。EBUS-TB-NA的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测价值及阴性预测价值分别为96.8%(151/156),100%(26/26),97.3%(177/182),100%(151/151)和83.9%(26/31)。所有患者检查耐受良好,无任何相关并发症发生。结论 E-BUS-TBNA是一种安全有效的肺癌纵隔淋巴结分期方法。