Technical Analysis of Energy Saving and Emission Reducing in China's Cement Industry Based on LEAP Model

[Objective] The study aimed at evaluating the ability to save energy and reduce CO2 emission in China＇s cement industry. [Method] Based on long-term energy alternative planning system software （LEAP）, ＂LEAP of China＇s cement industry＂ model was established to simulate energy conservation and emission reduction in China＇s cement industry from 2010 to 2040 in different technologic situations. E ResultJ To save ener- gy and reduce CO2 emissions, new dry process kiln has priority over other technologies or measures, followed by equipment enlargement, mechani- cal shaft kiln, power generation system based on waste heat, as well as high-efficiency and energy-saving grinding technology, and new prepara- tion technology. If all the advanced technologies and measures are adopted, energy consumption and C02 emissions can be reduced by about 40.76% and 42.97% respectively. [ Condusion] LEAP of model is suitable for analyzing energy saving and emission reducing in China＇s cement industry and other industrial fields.

Saving Energy and Reducing Emission When Recycling Acetone dudng the Production of Soy Phospholipid

Acetone,which is volatile,flammable,toxic,expen- sive and causing serious air pollution,is often used as extracting solvent in the production of powdery soy phospholipid.Recycling and reusing acetone is the key of reducing the cost of production. Therefore,saving energy and reducing emission when recycling acetone are the most important technologies during the production of phospholipid.On the basis of the productivity of powdery phospholipid being 2.4 t every day,43.2 t acetone is reused every 8 h and the total volume of acetone gas emitted is 450.75 m3 (about 901.5 kg).According to the current price of acetone,the lost money is about 7212 yuan RMB.

Present situation and development of saving energy and reducing emission technology in iron ore sintering process

The energy consumption of iron ore sintering process is about 10%- 15%of the total of iron and steel industry.Therefore,it is of great significance to take effective measures to reduce the energy consumption in the iron ore sintering process to reduce the costs of sintering product and cut down the emissions of harmful gases,such as CO_2 and SO_2.In this study,the technology development of saving energy and reducing emission in iron ore sintering process was reviewed and discussed;some new directions and measures of saving energy were presented for the sintering process in the future.

Research on the Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutralization Model in Colleges and Universities:Taking China University of Geosciences(Beijing)as an Example

The“3060”goal demonstrates China’s responsibility in actively responding to global climate,enhances China’s voice and influence in climate governance,and sets an example of energy conservation and emission reduction for developing countries.As the main institutions that educate people for the Party and the country,colleges and universities have the responsibility to explore the realization path of carbon peak and carbon neutralization against the new problems encountered in the practice of energy conservation and emission reduction in colleges and universities.In response to the national strategy and the action plan of the Ministry of Education,taking the carbon practice of China University of Geosciences(Beijing)as the starting point,this paper conducts benchmarking research on the path of carbon peak and carbon neutralization in universities through the ecological factor method,campus carbon footprint,and questionnaire analysis.

Low Carbon Building Design Optimization Based on Intelligent Energy Management System

The construction of relevant standards for building carbon emission assessment in China has just started,and the quantitative analysis method and evaluation system are still imperfect,which hinders the development of low-carbon building design.Therefore,the use of intelligent energy management system is very necessary.The purpose of this paper is to explore the design optimization of low-carbon buildings based on intelligent energy management systems.Based on the proposed quantitative method of building carbon emission,this paper establishes the quota theoretical system of building carbon emission analysis,and develops the quota based carbon emission calculation software.Smart energy management system is a low-carbon energy-saving system based on the reference of large-scale building energy-saving system and combined with energy consumption.It provides a fast and effective calculation tool for the quantitative evaluation of carbon emission of construction projects,so as to realize the carbon emission control and optimization in the early stage of architectural design and construction.On this basis,the evaluation,analysis and calculation method of building structure based on carbon reduction target is proposed,combined with the carbon emission quota management standard proposed in this paper.Taking small high-rise residential buildings as an example,this paper compares and analyzes different building structural systems from the perspectives of structural performance,economy and carbon emission level.It provides a reference for the design and evaluation of low-carbon building structures.The smart energy management system collects user energy use parameters.It uses time period and time sequence to obtain a large amount of data for analysis and integration,which provides users with intuitive energy consumption data.Compared with the traditional architectural design method,the industrialized construction method can save 589.22 megajoules(MJ)per square meter.Based on 29270 megajoules(MJ)per ton of standard coal,the construction area of the case is about 8000 m2,and the energy saving of residential buildings is 161.04 tons of standard coal.This research is of great significance in reducing the carbon emission intensity of buildings.

Lubricating a bright future:Lubrication contribution to energy saving and low carbon emission

Both the academic society and the industry are hunting for new energy forms for the future.However,the world should not forget the conventional technologies that contribute to the sustainable society by technical innovations.Among them,lubrication plays a significant role in energy saving and in low CO2emission by increasing the fuel efficiency and by prolonging the service life of machines.With the advance of novel synthetic approaches,and nanoscience and technologies,novel lubrication oils and additives and their formulations are being developed to reduce friction and wear,and novel surface treatment routes and surface coatings are invented and provide more efficient lubrication.These technologies create tremendous chances for machines to work more efficiently with low energy consumption.Here we review the recent progresses and challenges associated with some novel lubrication techniques that include novel surface treatment(such as texturing,high-performance nanocomposite coatings,adapting coating),tribology design(solid and liquid lubrication),energy-conserving engine oil and novel lubricants and formula(such as ionic liquids,low S,P content additives)which are to be adopted to enhance the fuel efficiency to achieve energy saving and low carbon emission.There is increased demand to replace fossil lubricants by degradable green lubricants.Specially designed coatings can reduce drag significantly during navigation of both airplanes and ships.All these aspects will be also reviewed in the paper.

Prediction and Analysis on Short-term Load of Power System Based on LSTM

Effective short-term prediction of regional voltage load is of great significance to the implementation of energy saving and emission reduction policies in China.Accurate prediction of real-time demand voltage can reduce power waste and carbon emissions,make outstanding contributions to delaying global climate warming,and is conducive to global environmental protection and sustainable development.On the short-term load forecasting of power system,a variant model of RNN-LSTM is tested in this paper.It effectively solves the problem of gradient explosion and disappearance caused by large amount of data input in classical RNN.On the basis of this model,optimization experiments are carried out under different super parameters to achieve better prediction results.The experimental results show that the accuracy of test set reaches 99.8%,which proves that the method proposed in this paper has certain reference value.

Application of Geothermal Energy to New Countryside Construction——A Case Study of Xiong County, Hebei Province

Hujiatai Village, Xiong County, Hebei Province was nominated as the experimental unit of new countryside construction by Hebei Province in 2008. In order to make Hujiatai Village become a new countryside model with friendly ecological and environmental conditions, local energy resources should be considered. In this study, a mode of 'geothermal energy extraction-heat exchange-space heating-reinjection' was adopted to supply heat to resident houses in Hujiatai Village cooperating with a geothermal development entity based on the abundant geothermal resources, thereby constructing a clean, economic and autarkic new countryside energy system, which avoids utilization of fossil-energy, reduces emission of greenhouse gases and generation of solid coal cinder, protecting air and land environment, improving life quality of the people and building a typical model for Hebei Province and even for the whole country.

Research Electricity Production Costs and External Compensation Mechanism

China's power enterprises are mainly dominated by thermal power, thermal power is the key industry of coal consumption, so the thermal power enterprises have a fundamental influence on the environment, and how to not affect the vital interests of power enterprises under the condition of power plant to increase the strength of governance is to solve the current problem of letter. On the basis of various types of power generation enterprise environmental cost of thermal power, hydropower, wind power and nuclear power pollutant treatment cost were described, through the analysis of emission control scheme and the cost compensation of pollutants, environmental governance cost model, using a actual plant data, calculation of various pollutants compensation cost of thermal power plant, and according to the thermal power and wind power for quantitative comparison before and after compensation.

环境补贴能提升企业碳绩效吗--基于A股上市公司实证分析

环境补贴既是国家实现“双碳”目标的宏观调控手段,也是减轻企业环保负担、引导企业节能减排的推动力。选取2014~2019年接受环境补贴的1094家A股上市公司3735个观测值作为研究样本,采用双向固定效应模型,实证探究环境补贴对企业碳绩效的影响。研究表明,环境补贴与企业碳绩效显著正相关且具有滞后性特征,异质性检验发现,成立时间长的企业、国有企业、东部地区与中低污染企业环境补贴作用效果显著;进一步研究发现,环境补贴中的节能减排补贴与企业碳绩效显著正相关,环境治理补贴对企业碳绩效起负向作用。据此,提出环境补贴应以降碳为重点、减污降碳协同增效为目的等建议。

某酒店制冷机房运行策略优化

对华东地区某酒店制冷机房运行策略进行了优化,利用能耗模拟软件对多种运行方案进行了仿真分析。结果表明:原方案仅对冷水泵采用变频控制,制冷机房能效比为4.62;优化方案1采取传统变频方式,对冷水泵、冷却水泵、冷却塔风机采用变频控制,制冷机房能效比达到5.32,与原方案相比提升了15.1%;优化方案2通过对冷水机组、冷水泵、冷却水泵、冷却塔风机进行优化控制,制冷机房能效比为5.48,与原方案相比能效比提升了18.6%,且每年可减少约79 t碳排放量,节能效果显著。

北京市大学生碳足迹现状及碳中和意愿研究

该文从多个维度分析北京大学生碳足迹现状,深入挖掘大学生碳中和意愿及其影响因素。通过问卷调查、深度访谈等方法对北京市高校学生衣食住行等现状和碳中和意愿进行调研,运用因子分析法基于调研数据对学生碳足迹进行计算和评估,通过Matlab、anova1函数、回归模型等对调研结果进行数据挖掘和因果关联分析,探究其相关影响因素。结果显示:在8个影响因素的基础上,20个因子能更好地刻画原始数据信息。对20个因子进行多元线性回归分析,拟合度得到显著改善。回归结果表明环保意识、碳中和态度等多个因子对低碳生活认同产生了显著影响。根据以上研究对高校碳中和提出在交通、水电、饮食及宣传方面的可行性建议。

大学生“节能低碳”意识调查与模糊综合评价——以昆明冶金高等专科学校为例

为加快建设一个“环境友好型”社会并尽快实现“双碳”目标,对于大学生的“节能低碳”意识培养变得越来越重要。以昆明冶金高等专科学校安宁校区学生为调查对象,采用问卷调查的方法对9个学院不同年级学生从“国家政策、个人意识、个人行为”三方面进行了调查;根据调查结果,利用模糊数学综合评价法对各学院学生的“节能低碳”意识进行评价。评价结果表明,学校大部分学生在心理上对“节能低碳”意识存在一定的认知,但是在日常生活中,大部分学生并不知道如何实践“节能低碳”,他们对于常见的节能低碳方法缺乏清晰的了解。并依据分析结果,从政府、学校和大学生自身层面提出了提升大学生“节能低碳”意识的对策。

医院建筑节能改造全生命周期碳排放量核算

为了促进建筑领域节能减排,实现“双碳”目标,医院建筑的节能改造和全生命周期碳排放研究具有重要意义。通过对沈阳市YK医院进行实地调研,获取建筑设计规划图纸内容及水电设备资料等各项建筑设计基本信息、能源系统设计、建筑运行能耗数据、建造数据;基于全生命周期评价理论,采用碳排放系数法对其全生命周期碳排放量进行核算。结果表明:在改造技术下,YK医院建筑的综合节能率为32.83%,全生命周期4个阶段碳排放量占比分别为6.20%、0.10%、93.04%、0.66%,其中建材生产及运输和建筑运行两阶段碳排放量占比最大,约为99%。

高安屯再生水厂碳中和实践措施及效果

高安屯再生水厂位于北京市,水处理规模20万m^(3)/d,主体工艺为AAO+砂滤池,污泥处理中心规模1836 t/d(污泥含水率80%),主体工艺为热水解+厌氧消化+板框脱水。对比了不同碳核算标准,确定了高安屯再生水厂碳排放计算边界。高安屯再生水厂碳中和项目采用节能降耗、回收能源、利用清洁能源的方法,是泥水共治、餐厨协同、多能耦合、能源自给的大型碳中和示范工程。

节能低碳政策对企业技术创新和污染减排的影响

本文通过构建环境规制影响企业创新选择的理论模型,揭示严格的命令-控制型环境规制能够同时产生创新补偿效应、遵循成本效应的理论机制。基于中国工业企业数据库、中国创新企业数据库以及中国工业企业污染排放数据库,以“十二五”期间政府实施“万家企业节能低碳行动”为准实验,构建双重差分模型对上述理论进行验证。研究发现,“万家企业节能低碳行动”这一节能低碳政策能够产生较为明显的“波特效应”,在降低企业污染排放的同时倒逼企业技术创新。机制检验表明,创新补偿效应大于遵循成本效应,是节能低碳政策推动企业技术创新的重要机制。异质性分析显示,与高融资约束企业和非资源型城市相比,节能低碳政策在低融资约束企业和资源型城市中更容易产生“波特效应”。拓展分析发现,伴随节能低碳政策强度由低到高,企业技术创新呈“先降—后升—再降”的倒S型特征,即存在一个“最优政策强度”区间。本文为完善节能低碳政策体系提供了来自发展中国家的理论依据与微观证据。

吉林省公共建筑运行碳排放达峰预测研究

基于吉林省2000-2020年公共建筑碳排放历史数据,运用Kaya-LMDI模型进行初步分析,得出能耗强度、经济活动强度、产业结构、城镇化率、人口规模是影响吉林省公共建筑碳排放的主要因素。以此为基础构建STIRPAT模型,预测了基准情景、高碳情景、低碳情景、超低碳情景下吉林省公共建筑2021-2045年碳排放量变化趋势、碳达峰时间及峰值水平。结果表明:低碳情景下,通过进一步降低化石燃料比例以优化能源结构,推动第三产业高质量发展以降低能耗强度,实行公共建筑碳交易政策,可在兼顾经济发展与节能减排的前提下于2039年实现碳达峰,峰值为36.57 Mt,是吉林省公共建筑的最优碳排放情景。可为吉林省及其他严寒地区省份提供公共建筑碳减排路径参考,为实现“3060双碳目标”提供助力。

绿色金融改革创新减污降碳效应研究

减污降碳是开展绿色金融的重要目标。本文以绿色金融改革创新试验区的设立作为准自然实验,运用双重差分模型分析绿色金融改革创新试验区对二氧化碳、二氧化硫、氮氧化物的减排效果。结果表明,试验区试点政策对二氧化碳、二氧化硫具有显著的减排效果,但对氮氧化物的减排效果不明显。机制分析表明,试验区试点政策未能通过促进技术创新实现二氧化碳、二氧化硫、氮氧化物的减排,但是能通过降低能耗总量与优化用能结构实现二氧化碳、二氧化硫的减排。异质性分析表明,试验区试点政策的减污降碳效果在东部地区、环境治理力度弱的地区、产业结构高级的地区以及金融发展水平高的地区更加明显。本文为如何优化试验区试点政策效果提供了一定的启示。

北京公交集团绿色低碳转型经验及未来发展路径研究

在全球气候变暖的背景下,绿色低碳转型已成为公共交通行业实现可持续发展的核心战略。本文深入探讨了北京公交集团在绿色低碳转型过程中的实践经验,分析了其在推动新能源公交车应用、优化能源结构、提升运营效率等方面的具体做法和取得的成效。同时,指出了在转型过程中存在的技术挑战、基础设施配套不足、实现碳中和难等问题。基于此,提出了未来北京公交集团绿色低碳转型的主要路径,包括进一步调整车辆能源结构、提升车辆使用效率、利用数据手段赋能、开展绿电绿证交易、做好能耗精细管控和提高全体员工节能意识等措施。这些措施旨在为地面公交企业的绿色低碳转型提供参考,助力实现碳达峰碳中和目标。

面向2040年我国碳中和重点领域工程科技发展战略研究

“双碳”目标的提出加速了我国能源革命的进程,对发展新兴能源、构建现代能源体系起到了极大的推动作用。本文聚焦节能降碳,新型电力系统建设,碳捕集、利用与封存三个重点领域,梳理了世界碳中和重点领域工程科技发展的九大趋势,提出了面向2040年的碳中和重点领域经济社会与科技发展愿景和战略目标;剖析碳中和领域发展面临的问题,描绘了基于“十项关键技术、九项重点任务、四项重大工程、三项重大科技项目”的工程科技发展路线。研究提出,强化节能优先战略实施和管理,加强科研仪器设备研发和科研平台建设,充分发挥中央企业创新主体作用,加强碳捕集、利用与封存技术的财税支持等4项保障措施,为我国碳中和重点领域科技创新研发布局提供借鉴和参考。