Energy conservation and environment protection technologies of the blast furnace under resources deterioration conditions

In 2009,the pig iron output of China increased dramatically up to 543.75 Mt and was 15.87%higher than that in 2008,accounting for 60.53%of the world production.The processing of pig iron must consume huge amount of iron ores and coal and consequently leads to the shortage of ores and cokemaking coals supply,with prices soaring but quality worsening remarkably.How to maintain or even improve the efficiency of blast furnace production under negative conditions of constantly worsening resources of iron ore and coal has become an important scenario the Chinese ironmaking industry must face.In this paper,the production with high coal injection rate,low fuel rate and big productivity in the Wuhan Iron and Steel Corporation(Group) was introduced and revealed.The quantitative correlation between blast furnace production efficiency and diverse technical measures through combined mass-heat balances and gas-liquid counter-current flow dynamics analysis.Moreover,potential problems and countermeasures in ironmaking by feeding high Al_2O_3 and low grade iron ores were also discussed.

Discussion on the application of the concept of environmental protection and energy saving in the design of building water supply and drainage

With the current,our country social economy rapid development,people's living standard and quality of life and therefore have got improved,at the same time,it is the concept of environmental protection and energy saving is also enhanced value,many fields in our country environmental protection and energysaving concept can be seen in the application,especially the application in building water supply and drainage design more widely,to protect the environment,to maximize the use of limited resources,how to reasonable use of water resources in building water supply and drainage construction,above is current the paper mainly discusses the problems in the construction field,this paper based on environmental protection and energy-saving concept,discusses its application in the building water supply and drainage design,for your reference.

Energy Saving,Environmental Protection:Top Priority in China's Development——Exclusive interview with Dr.Yonglong L,Secretary-general,Chinese Committee for SCOPE(Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment/ICSU).

Energy saving,emission reduction and economic development are major issues China has to meet in building a harmonious society.On one hand,China should pursue a sustainable,fast and sound economic development,on the other hand,she should try to decrease the overuse of energy resources and the environ- mental problems caused by the rapid economic growth. In this regard,on June 24,the Standing Committee of National People's Congress deliberated the draft of Energy Saving Law,according to which China is to take"resources saving"as a basic national policy.This is a key issue to the long-term benefits of China.With relevant questions,China's Foreign Trade interviewed Dr, Yonglong L(?),Secretary-general,Chinese Committee for SCOPE(Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment/ICSU).and Research Professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Let's listen to Dr.L(?)'s comments with wisdom.

Use of rural energy resources and eco-environmental degradation in Tibet

Cattle dung, firewood, and crop straw have being used as survival necessities by farmers and herdsmen for thousands of years in Tibet. Until recently such biotic energy source still constitutes more than 92 per cent of total rural energy consumption due to lack of petroleum, coal and new alternative energy sources. As a result, environmental degradation such as land desertification, soil erosion, grassland degradation and soil fertility reduction is increasingly aggravated, the area of desertified land has increased 1467.5 km2 from 1991 to 1997. Degraded area of grassland has reached 2.60×107hm2, increased by 116.1% from 1987 to 1996. To prevent further deterioration of eco-environment in Tibet great efforts should be made to make full use of ample solar energy, wind energy and other biotic energy of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The solar cooking stoves and solar hothouse, expand forest area and replace existing abiotic energy sources with firewood forest should be popularized. This is an urgent task to protect the eco-environment of Tibet today.

Develop hydroenergy resources and protect earth environment

Energy is a driving force behind the progress of human civilization. Mainly depend on the current human society of non-renewable fossil energy sources, such as coal and oil, its increasing demand. Gradually reduce the reserves, the contradiction between supply and demand becoming increasingly prominent. With the process of human history has moved forward with the depletion of fossil energy will eventually be unable to sustainable use. The total hydropower resources are limited, but it is renewable, clean energy, its energy is infinite. Therefore, the full use of limited water resources and slow down the depletion of fossil energy process, is to improve and protect the earth’s ecology and environment, one of the most realistic measures.

On the Development of China's Thermal Power in the 21st Century while Saving the Energy and Protecting the Environment

In light of China s Ninth Five-year Plan (1996-2000) for Electric Power Industry & the Long Term Targets by the Year 2010, the paper considers the strategy for developing China’s thermal power in the 21st century shall be the efficiency and cleaning technology of coal use. Especially important is the structure of power sources and configuration of technology process, and secondly the implementation of energy saving and environmental protection ideology in the various stages of thermal power construction and design work.

Strategies for Introducing Energy Saving Idea into Residential Planning and Design in Urban and Rural Areas of China

Currently,energy saving design has been conducted on single building but not on the whole residential community in urban and rural areas.So,the paper has proposed energy saving measures for residential planning from the perspective of site selection and layout of buildings.Specific measures are as follows.Firstly,buildings should be constructed on the sunny side and leeside;secondly,buildings on the south should be lower than those on the north;the east side of the building should be open while the west side should be closed;thirdly,climate protection unit should be set;fourthly,buildings should be of northsouth direction primarily,and the main room should be set on the east side and the assistant rooms or passage on the west side in the buildings of east-west direction;fifthly,it should select compact and wellarranged households and the units should not be combined in point and dislocation and jointing.

Challenges of Tomorrowm——Fire Hazards of Systems Using Renewable Sources of Energy

Dramatic climate change, caused by over consumption of coal, oil and other traditional energy sources, as well as exhaustion of their reserves, imposed technological need to look for their substitution with new, renewable energy sources. The exploitation of these new forms of energy, solar, wind, earth and bio-fuels, initiated the development and application of new technologies, so far unused in practice. Rapid development and wide application of installations for use of renewable energy in many households and companies opened a whole new risk and danger in the fire protection field. With the purpose of introducing this problem to engineers in the area of fire protection, health and safety at work, this paper systematically presents various types of facilities for exploitation of renewable energy sources as well as potential dangers, risks and issues related to their safe operation.

Energy Saving for Automatic Train Control in Moving Block Signaling System

With rapid development of the railway traffic, the moving block signaling system （MBS） method has become more and more important for increasing the track capacity by allowing trains to run in a shorter time-headway while maintaining the required safety margins. In this framework, the tracking target point of the following train is moving forward with its leading train. This paper focuses on the energy saving tracking control of two successive trains in MBS. Nonlinear programming method is used to optimize the energy-saving speed trajectory of the following train. The real-time location of the leading train could be integrated into the optimization process. Due to simplicity, it can be used for online implementation. The feasibility and effectiveness are verified through simulation. The results show that the new method is efficient on energy saving even when disturbances present.

Possibilities of Reducing Energy Consumption by Optimization of Ground Source Heat Pump Systems in Babylon, Iraq

Iraq is located in the Middle East with an area that reaches 437,072 km2 and a population of about 36 million. This country is suffering from severe electricity shortage problems which are expected to increase with time. In this research, an attempt is made to minimize this problem by combining the borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) with a heat pump, the indoor temperature of a residential building or other facility may be increased or reduced beyond the temperature interval of the heat carrier fluid. Due to the relatively high ground temperature in Middle Eastern countries, the seasonal thermal energy storages (STES) and ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems have a remarkable potential, partly because the reduced thermal losses from the underground storage and the expected high COP (ratio of thermal energy gain to required driving energy (electricity)) of a heat pump, partly because of the potential for using STES directly for heating and cooling. In this research, groundwater conditions of Babylon city in Iraq were investigated to evaluate the possibility of using GSHP to reduce energy consumption. It is believed that such system will reduce consumed energy by about 60%.

The Low-Carbon and Environmental Protection of Textile and Garment in China

It should be transformed from the extensive development in the past to the new normal form of environmentally friendly pattern of “save energy, lower consumption and less pollution” in the Textile and Garment. For the pollution problem in China’s textile and garment industry, the author particularly analyzes the pollution of the textile and garment industry mainly occurred in the process of textile and clothing production and sales in this article. Finally, the author puts forward detail measure to control the pollution from the two aspects and advocates the concept of low-carbon environmental protection and green lifestyle. The low-carbon environmental protection has become a phenomenon in Textile and Apparel.

Protection Challenges Under Bulk Penetration of Renewable Energy Resources in Power Systems:A Review

Among different sources of alternate energy,wind and solar are two prominent and promising alternatives to meet the future electricity needs for mankind.Generally,these sources are integrated at the distribution utilities to supply the local distribution customers.If the power generated by these sources is bulk,then they are either integrated at the distribution/transmission level or may be operated in an island mode if feasible.The integration of these renewables in the power network will change the fault level and network topologies.These fault levels are intermittent in nature and existing protection schemes may fail to operate because of their pre-set condition.Therefore,the design and selection of a proper protection scheme is very much essential for reliable control and operation of renewable integrated power systems.Depending upon the level of infeed and location of the renewable integration,the protection requirements are different.For low renewable infeed at the distribution level,the existing relay settings are immune from any small change in the network fault current from new incoming renewables.However,bulk renewable infeed requires modification in the existing protection schemes to accommodate the fault current variation from the incoming renewables.For bulk penetration of the renewable,the requirement of modified/additional protection schemes is unavoidable.Adaptive relaying and non-adaptive relaying schemes are discussed in the literature for protection of power networks,which are experiencing dynamic fault currents and frequent changing network topologies.This article presents a detailed review of protection schemes for renewable integrated power networks which includes distribution,transmission and microgrid systems.The merits and demerits of these protection schemes are also identified in this article for the added interest of the readers.The visible scope of advance protection schemes which may be suitable for providing reliable protection for dynamic fault current networks is also explored.

Building and Environment

https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/building-andenvironment/vol/165/suppl/C Volume 165,November 2019(1)Ten questions concerning modeling of distributed multi-energy systems,by Georgios Mavromatidis,Kristina Orehounig,L.Andrew Bollinger,et al,Article 106372Abstract:Distributed Multi-Energy Systems(D-MES)can sustainably transform the energy supply of buildings,districts,and communities by integrating multiple energy efficient technologies,renewable energy sources,and electricity,gas,and thermal energy networks to provide heating,cooling and electricity services.

Design and Analysis of a Small Sewage Source Heat Pump Triple Supply System

Based on the characteristics of sewage from beauty salons,a simulation model of a small sewage source heat pump triple supply system that can be applied to such places is established to optimize the operating conditions of the system.The results show that with the increase of sewage temperature and flow,the performance of the system also increases.In summer conditions,the system provides cooling,recovers waste heat and condensed heat from sewage,with a COP value of 8.97;in winter conditions,the system heats and produces hot water,with a COP value of 2.44;in transitional seasons,only hot water is produced.The COP value is 2.75.Compared with the traditional systems which refers to the air source heat pump and hot water boiler system currently used in beauty salons,this system can save energy by 50.9%.

相变储能材料在建筑工程建设中的应用

相变储能材料能与建筑材料复合实现节能效果。合理开发利用相变储能材料是优化居住空间、推动建筑领域绿色发展的有效途径。本文综述了相变储能材料的概念、分类及应用价值,介绍了相变储能材料在建筑中的节能原理,并具体阐释了相变储能材料的应用领域。

太阳能光热光电技术在高校宿舍的对比研究

针对夏热冬冷地区某高校宿舍用能特征,基于太阳能的两种利用方式分别设计了太阳能光热供能系统和太阳能光电供能系统。利用TRNSYS仿真软件模拟两种供能系统的运行特性,对比了两种系统的组件性能、经济性及减排量。结果表明:除假期时间外,太阳能集热单元的集热效率保持在40%左右,年太阳能保证率可达58%;并网光伏发电单元全年发电量为311 394 kW·h,发电量自用率达到70.5%。太阳能光电供能系统的年能耗费用较光热供能系统节省11万元,费用年值减少4.9万元,年碳排放量降低166 t。对光伏安装面积进行优化后可知,光伏安装面积每增加52 m^(2),光伏供能系统费用年值减少2111元。研究结果可为高校宿舍建筑选择适宜的太阳能利用形式提供参考和依据。

地下水源热泵回灌中大肠杆菌阻塞试验研究

以地下水源热泵回灌过程中大肠杆菌堵塞作为研究对象,通过自主研发的砂层颗粒迁移-沉积试验系统观察大肠杆菌在多孔介质孔隙孔道内的运移、沉积。分别以石英石、玻璃珠作为多孔介质做对比性试验,通过试验得出:石英石颗粒不均匀,级配不良,颗粒间的咬合力为大肠杆菌的沉积提供了“温床”,进而孔隙水压力呈现先增大后减小再稳定的状态;但玻璃珠颗粒粒径均匀,同时颗粒之间光滑,咬合力小,不利于大肠杆菌的沉积,孔隙水压力呈现陡减的现象。建立大肠杆菌渗透率衰减数学模型,将理论值和室内试验值进行数据拟合,从验证的结果看,所提渗透率衰减模型对预见微生物的迁移和沉积所引起的孔隙率减小是有效的。

多元文化交错区传统民居室内热环境对比研究——以乌兰察布地区为例

乌兰察布在历史上为内蒙古地区晋、冀移民圈的交汇处,农耕与游牧文化的交融,以及不同移民源地间文化的碰撞,使该地域传统民居在文化传播中因人地关系的复杂性呈现出四种典型类型。但伴随时代的发展,新建民居出现文化断层与冬季室内热舒适性亟待提高的双重困境。在归纳四类传统民居形制特征和尺寸取值的前提下,提炼出影响室内热环境的4个建筑要素,结合Ladybug+Honeybee软件,对比研究民居间主要活动空间冬季室内热环境的差异及原因。研究结果表明:大面积开窗可以有效利用太阳辐射提升室内温度,但保温性能差,而小面积开窗保温性能更好,但太阳辐射利用率较低;单坡屋顶比双坡屋顶单位面积照射到的太阳辐射更多,虽然其保温性能差,但对室内热环境质量的提升更有利;一进两开和里外间平面相比于单间和通间平面,卧室与入户门之间形成“温度缓冲区”可以有效减少门处的热量损失;小的空间尺度可以有效减少建筑的热量损失。基于以上结论提出四类民居在承续建筑文化基因的同时改善室内热环境的策略,为文化传承下的乌兰察布传统民居可持续发展提供一定的参考和借鉴。

城市地铁车站地下空间绿色建筑设计方法研究

为了降低城市地铁车站地下空间绿色建筑的全年总能耗占比,提出一种绿色建筑设计方法,包括采光设计、节地设计和环保设计。采光设计运用技术引入自然光,并通过手动照明补偿不足;节地设计采用垂直布局减少占地面积;环保设计利用BIM技术实现高质量环保建筑。实验结果表明,该设计方法可将年度总能耗占比降至83.2%,满足预期标准,优化了城市地铁车站地下空间绿色建筑的设计方法,为绿色建筑的可持续发展提供了新思路。

农作物秸秆低碳墙体材料研究现状

综述了近年来国内外关于农作物秸秆在建筑墙体材料中的应用及研究进展,从生产技术、制备工艺、配合比设计等方面出发,重点介绍了农作物秸秆低碳墙体材料的力学性能、保温隔热性能、阻燃性能等优良特性,并对农作物秸秆低碳墙体材料现阶段所存在的缺陷和不足给出了合理建议,对其未来发展方向及应用前景做出了展望。