Increasing wind power integration and coal-fired unit retirements increases the strain on the power system’s spinning reserve and increases the pressure on peak regulation.With the ability to stock extra power genera...Increasing wind power integration and coal-fired unit retirements increases the strain on the power system’s spinning reserve and increases the pressure on peak regulation.With the ability to stock extra power generation and supply the peak load,the energy storage system(ESS)can alleviate the rising demand on the spinning reserve and play an increasingly important role in the power system.In this paper,a trilevel robust ESS planning model is proposed to accommodate uncertain wind power investment as well as coal-fired unit retirement.The upper-level of this model is to determine the planning scheme of ESSs,which iteratively takes the worst-case scenario of wind power investment and coal-fired unit retirement into consideration.The middle-level and lower-level of this model are to make the optimal daily economic dispatch under the worst-case realizations of uncertainties.We derive an equivalent reformulation of the proposed robust ESS planning model and solve it with a dual column-and-constraint generation algorithm.Case studies are conducted using the IEEE RTS-79 system.The results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed planning method in comparison with other methods.Furthermore,the effects of the capital cost of ESS,the expected proportion of wind power,and the uncertainty budget on the development of ESS are studied.Taking the uncertainties of unit retirement and wind power investment into consideration achieves a better trade-off between the ESS investment cost and the operational cost.展开更多
This survey paper provides a critical overview of optimization formulations for planning and operation of islanded microgrids,including optimization objectives,constraints,and control variables.The optimization approa...This survey paper provides a critical overview of optimization formulations for planning and operation of islanded microgrids,including optimization objectives,constraints,and control variables.The optimization approaches reviewed address methods both for increasing the resiliency of advanced distribution systems and electrification of remote communities.This paper examines over 120 individual optimization studies and discovers that all optimizations studies of islanded microgrids are based on formulations selecting a combination of 16 possible objective functions,14 constraints,and 13 control variables.Each of the objectives,constraints,and variables are discussed exhaustively both from the perspective of their importance to islanded microgrids and chronological trends in their popularity.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFB0900100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51907123,51807116).
文摘Increasing wind power integration and coal-fired unit retirements increases the strain on the power system’s spinning reserve and increases the pressure on peak regulation.With the ability to stock extra power generation and supply the peak load,the energy storage system(ESS)can alleviate the rising demand on the spinning reserve and play an increasingly important role in the power system.In this paper,a trilevel robust ESS planning model is proposed to accommodate uncertain wind power investment as well as coal-fired unit retirement.The upper-level of this model is to determine the planning scheme of ESSs,which iteratively takes the worst-case scenario of wind power investment and coal-fired unit retirement into consideration.The middle-level and lower-level of this model are to make the optimal daily economic dispatch under the worst-case realizations of uncertainties.We derive an equivalent reformulation of the proposed robust ESS planning model and solve it with a dual column-and-constraint generation algorithm.Case studies are conducted using the IEEE RTS-79 system.The results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed planning method in comparison with other methods.Furthermore,the effects of the capital cost of ESS,the expected proportion of wind power,and the uncertainty budget on the development of ESS are studied.Taking the uncertainties of unit retirement and wind power investment into consideration achieves a better trade-off between the ESS investment cost and the operational cost.
文摘This survey paper provides a critical overview of optimization formulations for planning and operation of islanded microgrids,including optimization objectives,constraints,and control variables.The optimization approaches reviewed address methods both for increasing the resiliency of advanced distribution systems and electrification of remote communities.This paper examines over 120 individual optimization studies and discovers that all optimizations studies of islanded microgrids are based on formulations selecting a combination of 16 possible objective functions,14 constraints,and 13 control variables.Each of the objectives,constraints,and variables are discussed exhaustively both from the perspective of their importance to islanded microgrids and chronological trends in their popularity.
