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Tests for individual Sulfate-Containing Particles in Urban Atmosphere in Beijing 被引量:1
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作者 张代洲 唐孝炎 +2 位作者 秦瑜 岩坂泰信 盖秀贞 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1995年第3期343-350,共8页
Thin film methods and X ray energy dispersive technique were applied to analyze sulfate-containing particles inBeijing in order to examine their features and sources. Atmospheric aerosol particles were collected on el... Thin film methods and X ray energy dispersive technique were applied to analyze sulfate-containing particles inBeijing in order to examine their features and sources. Atmospheric aerosol particles were collected on electron microscope meshes according to two size ranges: coarse particles (r>0.5μm) and fine particles (0.5μm>r>0. 1μm) by using a two-stage impactor. It was found that more than seventy percent of the fine particles and about twenty percentof the coarse particles were sulfate-containing particles. These particles were formed mainly through heterogeneousnucleation. The element composition analyses revealed that the atmospheric aerosol particles in Beijing were domi-nated by crustal particles and construction dust. 展开更多
关键词 Individual sulfate-containing particles Thin film method Morphological analysis X ray energydispersive analysis
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Application of electron microscopy in gastroenterology
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作者 Masaya Iwamuro Haruo Urata +1 位作者 Takehiro Tanaka Hiroyuki Okada 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology》 2022年第2期41-49,共9页
Electron microscopy has long been used in research in the fields of life sciences and materials sciences.Transmission and scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX)analyses have also be... Electron microscopy has long been used in research in the fields of life sciences and materials sciences.Transmission and scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX)analyses have also been performed in the field of gastroenterology.Electron microscopy and EDX enable(1)Observation of ultrastructural differences in esophageal epithelial cells in patients with gastroesophageal reflux and eosinophilic esophagitis;(2)Detection of lanthanum deposition in the stomach and duodenum;(3)Ultrastructural and elemental analyses of enteroliths and bezoars;(4)Detection and characterization of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract;(5)Diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumors with neuroendocrine differentiation;and(6)Analysis of gold nanoparticles potentially used in endoscopic photodynamic therapy.This review aims to foster a better understanding of electron microscopy applications by reviewing relevant clinical studies,basic research findings,and the state of current research carried out in gastroenterology science. 展开更多
关键词 Transmission electron microscopy Scanning electron microscopy energydispersive X-ray spectrometry Gastrointestinal disease gastroesophageal reflux disease PATHOGENS
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Topographic Effect on the Energetics of Geostrophic Adjustment
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作者 方娟 伍荣生 易爱民 《Acta meteorologica Sinica》 SCIE 2005年第1期19-30,共12页
In this work, the impact of topography on the geostrophic adjustment processis discussed with a simple two-layer shallow water model, in which the lower-layer fluid isinitially stationary while the upper-layer is pert... In this work, the impact of topography on the geostrophic adjustment processis discussed with a simple two-layer shallow water model, in which the lower-layer fluid isinitially stationary while the upper-layer is perturbed by the impulsive injection of momentum.During the geostrophic adjustment process of this ideal model, the initial kinetic energy isreleased and a fraction of it is converted into potential energy of the final geostrophicallyadjusted state. Thus, after the geostrophic adjustment, the kinetic energy of the system is reducedwhile the potential energy is enhanced. As the topographic effect is considered, it is found thatthe decrease of the kinetic energy (ΔKE) and the increase of the potential energy (ΔPE) of thesystem are weakened as compared to the case that the lower boundary is flat. Furthermore, thetopographic effect on APE is less pronounced than that on ΔKE, which implicates that the topographytends to inhibit the energy dispersion of the inertio-gravity wave. The numerical simulation of thegeostrophic adjustment process shows that, due to the impact of topography, the convergence anddivergence in the low layer are reduced and the undulation of the interface between the lower-layerand upper-layer is weakened. This means that the amplitude of the inertio-gravity wave is decreased,and thus, the energy radiated by the inertio-gravity wave is lessened. 展开更多
关键词 geostrophic adjustment TOPOGRAPHY kinetic energy potential energy energydispersion energy conversion ratio transfer
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