Characteristics of B,Zn and Se in stream sediments of Tanzania and their agricultural applications:Based on 1∶1000000 geochemical survey

Tanzania is located in eastern Africa with a predominantly agricultural ecomomy,the potential for developing and utilizing cultivated land are promising,but scientific guidance is required.B,Zn and Se are essential micronutrients for plants and human body with crucial biological functions,in particular,Se is significant for human health and considered as“the king of anti-cancer”.As these elements required by human or plants are mainly absorbed from soil directly or indirectly,therefore,it is important to understand the contents and distributions of them in the soil of cultivated land for guiding agricultural production.In this work,low-density geochemical survey at the scale of 1∶1000000 was carried out in Tanzania,and the results show that the concentrations of B,Zn and Se in stream sediments are low and their distributions are heterogeneous.According to the distributions of geological units,the existing cultivated land resources can be divided into five regions in Tanzania.Compared with the national background values,the concentrations of B,Zn and Se are insufficient overall but enriched locally in these regions.In general,element concentrations in stream sediments and soil have a positive correlation because of their similar sources,which is essential in agriculture application.Based on the information provided by low-density geochemical data and maps,the Se-sufficient and Se-rich regions were delineated in Tanzania,where can be used to develop Se-rich industries.Finally,this paper believes that geochemical survey is a powerful tool for cultivated land evaluation,agriculture management and land development.

Application Status and Prospects of Biogas Fertilizer in Modern Agricultural Production

On the basis of introducing the nutrient composition and biogas fertilizer,the effects of biogas fertilizer on soil,crops and environment are summarized. Biogas fertilizer can improve soil structure,increase soil organic matter,available nutrient contents and enzyme activity,increase crop yield,quality and resistance,and relieve the non-point source pollution effectively. The harmlessness,application technology and risk are analyzed. Some suggestions are put forward to control the source pollution,strengthen the research of fermentation technology,define the standard of biogas fertilizer,and carry out large and medium-sized biogas engineering.

Development of Simulation Tool Orienting Production Engineering

A simulation tool named BITSIM orienting production engineering is developed in order to improve enterprise＇s productivity and making up the scarcity of computer application. The architecture of BITSIM is presented first. Hierarchical technique, control strategy based on multi-agent and simulation output analysis are depicted in detail then. In the end, an application example is taken out to prove that this system could be used to analyzing different hypothetical situation and configuring the auxiliary manufacturing system before production.

An Overview of Concurrent Engineering Research and Its Industrial Implementation in Chinese Enterprises

Concurrent Engineering (CE) is an effective way for enterprises to reengineer the product development processes and to improve the product development abilities. In this paper, the existing status of product development in Chinese manufacturing industry is analyzed, and the requirements of manufacturing technology for them are investigated. An overview of our CE R&D work is introduced, including product modeling, DFA, DFM, QFD, PDM, and other enabling technologies. A case study of the CE pilot project is discussed. The industrial implementation and application in Chinese enterprises are summarized.

Knowledge Management of Software Productivity and Development Time

In this paper, we identify a set of factors that may be used to forecast software productivity and software development time. Software productivity was measured in function points per person hours, and software development time was measured in number of elapsed days. Using field data on over 130 field software projects from various industries, we empirically test the impact of team size, integrated computer aided software engineering (ICASE) tools, software development type, software development platform, and programming language type on the software development productivity and development time. Our results indicate that team size, software development type, software development platform, and programming language type significantly impact software development productivity. However, only team size significantly impacts software development time. Our results indicate that effective management of software development teams, and using different management strategies for different software development type environments may improve software development productivity.

Analysis of Waterscape Engineering Skills of Classical Chinese Gardens

In classical Chinese gardens,the waterscape has its own unique style of expression,which is to highlight the simulation of the natural water landscape and its combination with the elements of the garden.As a pole of classical garden theory,waterscape plays an important role in organizing space and creating the overall landscape effect.In addition to the landscape concept and water management method,the combination of engineering practices and landscape aesthetics involved guarantees Artistic presentation of water bodies in gardens.Based on the existing research,this study cut in from the perspective of engineering technology,and conducted detailed research on engineering techniques,materials application and artistic expression under different water body functions and forms,and explored the fusion of "making" "technique" and "art" in the waterscape construction.

Potential application of functional micro-nano structures in petroleum

This paper takes micro-nano motors and metamaterials as examples to introduce the basic concept and development of functional micro nano structures, and analyzes the application potential of the micro-nano structure design and manufacturing technology in the petroleum industry. The functional micro-nano structure is the structure and device with special functions prepared to achieve a specific goal. New functional micro-nano structures are classified into mobile type(e.g. micro-nano motors) and fixed type(e.g. metamaterials), and 3 D printing technology is a developed method of manufacturing. Combining the demand for exploration and development in oil and gas fields and the research status of intelligent micro-nano structures, we believe that there are 3 potential application directions:(1) The intelligent micro-nano structures represented by metamaterials and smart coatings can be applied to the oil recovery engineering technology and equipment to improve the stability and reliability of petroleum equipment.(2) The smart micro-nano robots represented by micro-motors and smart microspheres can be applied to the development of new materials for enhanced oil recovery, effectively improving the development efficiency of heavy oil, shale oil and other resources.(3) The intelligent structure manufacturing technology represented by 3 D printing technology can be applied to the field of microfluidics in reservoir fluids to guide the selection of mine flooding agents and improve the efficiency of mining.

胜利油田低渗透油藏压驱工程方案优化及矿场应用

为解决低渗透油藏压驱过程中存在的油井见效方向明显、压力下降快、含水上升快等开发难题,基于低渗透油藏压驱地质特征,抽提压驱开发工程问题,建立耦合渗流-应力-损伤(H-M-D)的低渗储层压驱数学模型,开展“压-闷-采”一体化压驱数值模拟,建立压驱工程参数优化图版。结果表明:以3 a累计经济净现值为目标,优化单层压驱注入量为3.0×10^(4)~3.5×10^(4)m^(3),压驱注入速度为1000~1200 m^(3)/d,闷井时间为20~30 d,驱油剂体积分数为0.15%~0.20%;优化后的低渗透油藏目标方案区BN1区块压驱缝网长度、宽度及高度较未优化的相邻BN0区块分别提高19.4%、27.3%、11.3%;与未优化的相邻BN2区块相比,BN1区块井口油压相当,日产液量降低42.4%,日产油量增加163.6%,含水率降低62.3%。研究成果能有效指导低渗透油藏压驱工程方案优化与现场实施。

面向新型电力系统的时序生产模拟应用与求解技术综述

在建设新型电力系统背景下,时序生产模拟技术依托电网数字化转型赋能,成为了新型电力系统运行评估与规划决策的重要工具。文中总结了国内外对于时序生产模拟相关问题的研究成果,以及时序生产模拟在新型电力系统中的应用与求解技术。首先,介绍了时序生产模拟的结构及特点,从电力电量平衡测算、“双碳”措施量化分析、未来电网形态与演化路径等方面综述了时序生产模拟的应用场景。然后,根据现有时序生产模拟求解技术特点将其分类介绍,并讨论了不同求解技术的局限性。最后,对新型电力系统时序生产模拟研究进行了展望。

圆棒榫旋转摩擦焊接技术的研究进展

圆棒榫旋转摩擦焊接技术作为一种创新的木材无胶结合技术,具有无醛环保、性能优良和生产高效等优点,在木制品制造领域正逐渐展现出其重要作用,有替代传统木工连接方式的潜力。本文概述了此技术的优势、焊接机理及其广阔的应用前景;探讨了改善和加强焊接制品的方法和机理,旨在进一步推广此技术的应用范围。最后,综述了此技术的反应机理,介绍了其在工程木制品(EWP)和家具领域的实际应用案例与发展趋势。并指出未来圆棒榫旋转摩擦焊接技术会朝着工业化、自动化的方向发展,有关此技术的有限元分析方法和全生命周期评价方法体系有待深入研究。

产教融合模式下工程估价课程思政教学改革探索与实践

在产教协同育人中融入思政教育是应用型本科院校思政育人的必然要求。本研究立足应用型本科院校,以工程估价课程为例,在产教融合模式下探索课程思政改革路径,通过合理设置课程思政目标,深入挖掘课程思政元素,在授课模式、课程考核、实训教学以及第二课堂中进行改革与实践,并着力提升校企双师团队的思政素养,同时依托产业学院建设课程思政案例库,构建了融合与创新的工程估价课程思政育人模式,产教协同与思政双驱动育人取得了显著成效。

不同制备工艺对钢纤维混凝土性能影响的试验研究

钢纤维混凝土可起到减少混凝土开裂、提高结构韧性等作用,已逐渐被应用于隧道衬砌支护。但制备工艺决定了钢纤维在混凝土基体中的分布,从而严重影响钢纤维混凝土性能,因此亟须开展针对钢纤维分布与制备工艺之间关系的研究。从实际工程出发,选用6种钢纤维混凝土制备工艺,浇筑了18根梁试件,开展钢纤维混凝土抗弯性能试验。试验结果表明,使用MT1制备工艺的端钩型钢纤维混凝土在破坏位置、钢纤维分布、钢纤维外露角度、外露长度、抗弯强度等方面均表现出良好性能。

钢箱梁桁架式纵隔板疲劳开裂弹性阻尼支撑处治技术

针对钢箱梁桁架式纵隔板中出现的早发性、多发性、再发性疲劳开裂病害,分析桁架式纵隔板病害原因,基于能量法,提出将端部刚接斜腹杆变为端部铰接的弹性阻尼支撑处治技术。研制弹性阻尼支撑装置(Elastic-Damping Support Device,EDSD),将斜腹杆局部切除并安装EDSD,通过EDSD中设置的弹性阻尼单元耗散外部荷载输入结构的大部分能量,保障结构在长期车辆荷载等作用下的安全性和正常使用性能。结合某斜拉桥钢箱梁桁架式纵隔板疲劳开裂处治需求,开展了该处治技术实桥应用,并对其进行有限元分析及实桥监测。结果表明:钢箱梁内斜腹杆局部改造安装EDSD后可大幅降低斜腹杆应力水平,有效降低斜腹杆疲劳易损部位开裂风险,增加疲劳寿命;安装EDSD的斜腹杆上的既有裂缝均无扩展。

草木染技艺在现代产品设计中的创新应用研究

随着社会的不断进步,人们在物质生活上得到了极大满足,精神需求也随之上升,草木作为一种天然珍贵且不可再生资源被广泛应用于农业种植中,而近年来越来越多的产品设计出现在大众眼前。本文主要通过对草木元素提取、色彩以及其造型等方面进行分析和研究,从文化角度出发将现代元素与植物技艺相结合,同时将地域特征也融入到草木染技艺中,使草木染技艺不仅具有传统文化的特征,更丰富了产品设计,兼具民族特色的创意风格和视觉传达效果,从而提高消费者对其喜爱程度。

畜禽粪便超高温堆肥技术研究进展

本研究旨在深入探究超高温堆肥技术在畜禽粪便处理领域的研究现状与应用潜力。通过分析超高温堆肥中试研究、超高温堆肥工程案例和超高温堆肥产物的质量及其应用效果,结果显示,外源供热和超嗜热菌剂添加是实现超高温堆肥的关键因素,其中超嗜热菌剂的添加尤为关键。研究表明,超高温堆肥适用于不同规模和不同种类的畜禽粪便处理,具有经济可行性。同时,超高温堆肥的产物符合中国有机肥料标准,并在种植中显示出良好的效果,具有广阔的推广应用前景。然而,超高温堆肥的微生物菌株资源挖掘利用和超高温堆肥产物的大田应用示范等工作仍有待开展。

新质生产力背景下人工智能技术在专业教学中的应用研究——以食品科学与工程专业为例

伴随着人工智能和大数据应用领域的持续拓展,对社会生产生活水平的提高起到了显著的推动作用。同时,人工智能技术的应用也为加快新质生产力发展提供了有力支撑。近些年,在社会大众对食品安全问题重视程度显著提高的背景下,以食品科学与工程为核心的相关专业成为近年来的热门专业。为更好地适应当前社会发展需求,高校在教育中需摒弃传统教育的不足,基于“应用型”人才培养要点创新教育模式、丰富教育内容,以促使高校学生更好地适应行业发展需要。基于这一教育要求,在具体教育中可以应用人工智能技术,立足“新质生产力”推进要点发挥具体技术优势,以促使学生能够在其中更好地理解和掌握相应的知识技能与素养。

阜南柳编艺术在家居产品中的设计与应用研究

通过阜南柳编艺术在家居产品中的创新设计与应用,实现阜南柳编的活态化传承。对传统阜南柳编的原材料处理、染色和编织等工艺以及其产业化发展现状进行调研,梳理柳编在现代家居产品中应用的原则,归纳现代柳编家居的产品设计要素。归纳阜南柳编艺术在家居产品设计中的应用方式,分析其在产品功能、编织技法、材料多样性、色彩方面的设计要素与思路。该原则与方法可为阜南柳编艺术在家居产品中的创新设计与应用提供新视角与新思路。

页岩气开采过程中的关键技术及应用

页岩气的开采是我国近年发展起来的一项能源接替技术,与常规生储盖型油气资源的开采有着明显不同。页岩气因处于原生油气地层,储层孔洞裂隙欠发育,属自生自储型气藏。采用透气或多孔介质原理,以改变储层透气性和结构,提高渗透率,方可实现页岩气的运移与开采。现代科技的进步,为页岩气开采提供了技术支持。其关键的探、钻、试、采技术在逐步的应用中,不断向着更高效、适应性方向迈进。本文针对这些关键技术的简要论述,期望能为页岩气开采技术的进一步革新提供一点借鉴。