Clarifying effect of welding conditions on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir spot-welded DH590 automotive high-strength steel plates

Friction stir spot welding was successfully applied to the 1.2-mm-thick DH590 dual-phase steel plates by using a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride rotating tool.During welding,the rotation speed ranged from 600 to 1000 r/min and the penetration depth ranged from 0.1 to 0.3 mm.In the spot joints,the size of the stir zone increased with the increase in rotation speed as well as the penetration depth of the tool.Comparing with the banded ferrite and martensite structure of the base metal,a mixed microstructure of ferrite and tempered martensite,refined bainite structure and coarse martensite structure were found in the heat-affected zone,thermomechanically affected zone and stir zone of the joints,respectively.Two kinds of interfacial shapes were formed between the upper and lower steel plates,and the formation of the bonded interface was dominated mainly by the penetration depth of the rotating tool rather than the rotation speed.It was revealed that the joints with straight interfaces showed higher shear tensile loads comparing with those with hook-like interfaces.Shear tensile tests showed that the maximum shear tensile load reached about 15.56 kN when the rotation speed and penetration depth were set as 800 r/min and 0.3 mm,respectively.The specimen was fractured through plug failure mode with a total elongation of about 5.6 mm.

汽车车身用新型冷轧薄板研发进展

对近年来汽车车身用新型冷轧薄板的研发进展进行了综述,重点介绍了国内外增强成形性双相钢(Dual phase steel with improved formability,DH)、锌铝镁镀层钢板和高鲜映性汽车外板的技术思路、产品优势和应用情况.DH钢中适量稳定性较高的残余奥氏体大幅提高了断后延伸率及加工硬化率,在解决冲压开裂、实现车身轻量化方面效果显著;锌铝镁镀层特殊的相结构决定了其优异的耐蚀性能和成形性能,在汽车内板和外板得到广泛应用;成形零件的表面波纹度是评价高鲜映性汽车外板的重要指标,首钢开发了表面波纹度演变机理及控制技术,解决了钢板表面粗糙度与波纹度协同控制难题.指出了这些新型冷轧薄板要关注的生产和应用方面问题,如DH钢中较高Al、Si含量导致的连铸生产困难和表面质量问题、高合金含量带来的性能波动问题、高强度级别产品的氢脆问题和镀层板焊接的液态金属脆性(Liquid metal embrittlement,LME)问题等;锌铝镁镀层钢板焊接、涂装、粘接、成形等基础数据还不健全,高耐蚀性能还需得到更多用户检验及认可;高鲜映性汽车外板还需要进一步减少表面缺陷的数量、尺寸,进一步压制长波的表面轮廓.

热镀锌增强成形性双相钢表面色差缺陷研究

针对热镀锌增强成形性双相钢表面色差问题,分析了麻面色差缺陷(I类)、条状色差缺陷(II类)、山峰状漏镀缺陷(III类)3类常见缺陷的特点及成因。结果表明:I类缺陷为基板微裂纹所致;II类缺陷为氧化铁皮残留所致;III类缺陷为Si、Mn富集导致选择性氧化所致。为此,提出了相应的控制措施:低温加热、低温轧制、低温卷取、保证酸洗效果,可以明显改善I类、II类缺陷;合理设置退火炉预氧化参数,可以明显减少III类缺陷。采取以上预防措施后,热镀锌增强成形性双相钢表面色差问题得到有效解决,缺陷发生率由20%以上降低至3%以内。

冷轧DP590钢的组织性能及塑性增强机理

采用连续退火模拟试验研究了不同退火温度和闪冷温度对DP590钢性能的影响,基于连续退火模拟结果制定了塑性增强DP590钢工业试制关键参数,对塑性增强和传统工艺生产DP590钢的力学性能及显微组织进行了分析,并探讨了其塑性增强机理。研究结果表明,随退火温度和闪冷温度提高屈服强度提高,抗拉强度呈下降趋势,传统DP590钢中马氏体主要沿铁素体晶界呈细条状或粒状分布,铁素体晶粒尺寸6~8μm,马氏体体积分数11.3%,而工艺改良后塑性增强DP590钢组织中马氏体呈弥散分布在铁素体基体内,其体积分数为8.5%,另外含有非常细小的弥散分布粒状马氏体岛或残留奥氏体,经XRD和EBSD定量分析残留奥氏体体积分数约2%,残留奥氏体对最终产品性能提高起到关键作用,且批量生产性能保持了良好的稳定性。