BACKGROUND Despite high risk of bacterial contamination,yet there are no studies that have evaluated the optimal hang time of blenderized and reconstituted powdered formulas at standard room temperature and high tempe...BACKGROUND Despite high risk of bacterial contamination,yet there are no studies that have evaluated the optimal hang time of blenderized and reconstituted powdered formulas at standard room temperature and high temperature.AIM To investigate the optimal hang time of both types of formulas at standard room temperature and high temperature.METHODS Ten specimens of blenderized formula and 10 specimens of reconstituted powdered formula were prepared using aseptic techniques.Five specimens of each formula were administered at 25℃and 32℃.Simulated administration was done in an incubator.The samples were collected at 0,2,4,6 h and aerobic culture was performed.Food and drug administration criteria were used to determine the unacceptable levels of bacterial contamination.RESULTS Unacceptable contamination for blenderized formula began at 4 h at 25℃and at 2 h at 32℃.As for the reconstituted powdered formula,there was no bacterial growth in all specimens up to 6 h at both temperatures.CONCLUSION The optimal hang time to avoid significant bacterial contamination of the blenderized formula should be limited to 2 h at standard room temperature and be administered by bolus method at high temperature,while a reconstituted powdered formula may hang up to 6 h at both temperatures.展开更多
目的分析参苓白术散联合肠内营养改善危重症患者营养状态和预后的研究。方法纳入2020年1月—2022年8月医院收治的危重症患者60例,分为对照组和观察组,各30例,方法为随机数字表法。对照组给予标准肠内营养支持及安慰剂治疗,观察组给予标...目的分析参苓白术散联合肠内营养改善危重症患者营养状态和预后的研究。方法纳入2020年1月—2022年8月医院收治的危重症患者60例,分为对照组和观察组,各30例,方法为随机数字表法。对照组给予标准肠内营养支持及安慰剂治疗,观察组给予标准肠内营养支持及参苓白术散治疗,两组均治疗至转出重症加强护理病房。比较两组治疗情况,治疗前、治疗后营养状态、炎症反应指标、血液流变学及预后。结果观察组呼吸机带机时间、重症加强护理病房住院时间短于对照组,肠内营养不耐受发生率低于对照组[3.33%(1/30)vs 26.67%(8/30),P<0.05]。与治疗前比较,治疗后,两组血清血红蛋白(serum hemoglobin,HGB)、前白蛋白(prealbumin,PA)、白蛋白(albumin,ALB)水平均升高,且观察组更高(P<0.05);两组全血白细胞总数(blood white blood cell count,WBC)、中性粒细胞百分比(neutrophil percentage,NEU%),急性生理功能与慢性健康评分(Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation,APACHEⅡ)得分,血清C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)水平,全血高切、低切黏度、血浆黏度均降低,且观察组更低(P<0.05)。结论参苓白术散可降低危重症患者肠内营养的不耐受,改善患者营养状态,进而抑制机体炎症反应及血液黏度增加,促进患者康复,改善其预后。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Despite high risk of bacterial contamination,yet there are no studies that have evaluated the optimal hang time of blenderized and reconstituted powdered formulas at standard room temperature and high temperature.AIM To investigate the optimal hang time of both types of formulas at standard room temperature and high temperature.METHODS Ten specimens of blenderized formula and 10 specimens of reconstituted powdered formula were prepared using aseptic techniques.Five specimens of each formula were administered at 25℃and 32℃.Simulated administration was done in an incubator.The samples were collected at 0,2,4,6 h and aerobic culture was performed.Food and drug administration criteria were used to determine the unacceptable levels of bacterial contamination.RESULTS Unacceptable contamination for blenderized formula began at 4 h at 25℃and at 2 h at 32℃.As for the reconstituted powdered formula,there was no bacterial growth in all specimens up to 6 h at both temperatures.CONCLUSION The optimal hang time to avoid significant bacterial contamination of the blenderized formula should be limited to 2 h at standard room temperature and be administered by bolus method at high temperature,while a reconstituted powdered formula may hang up to 6 h at both temperatures.
文摘目的分析参苓白术散联合肠内营养改善危重症患者营养状态和预后的研究。方法纳入2020年1月—2022年8月医院收治的危重症患者60例,分为对照组和观察组,各30例,方法为随机数字表法。对照组给予标准肠内营养支持及安慰剂治疗,观察组给予标准肠内营养支持及参苓白术散治疗,两组均治疗至转出重症加强护理病房。比较两组治疗情况,治疗前、治疗后营养状态、炎症反应指标、血液流变学及预后。结果观察组呼吸机带机时间、重症加强护理病房住院时间短于对照组,肠内营养不耐受发生率低于对照组[3.33%(1/30)vs 26.67%(8/30),P<0.05]。与治疗前比较,治疗后,两组血清血红蛋白(serum hemoglobin,HGB)、前白蛋白(prealbumin,PA)、白蛋白(albumin,ALB)水平均升高,且观察组更高(P<0.05);两组全血白细胞总数(blood white blood cell count,WBC)、中性粒细胞百分比(neutrophil percentage,NEU%),急性生理功能与慢性健康评分(Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation,APACHEⅡ)得分,血清C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)水平,全血高切、低切黏度、血浆黏度均降低,且观察组更低(P<0.05)。结论参苓白术散可降低危重症患者肠内营养的不耐受,改善患者营养状态,进而抑制机体炎症反应及血液黏度增加,促进患者康复,改善其预后。