Assessment for Production and Operation Ability of Medium and Small-sized Enterprises Based on Neural Network

In order to improve production and operation ability of medium and small-sized enterprises, an assessment-index system of production and operation ability was proposed, and a corresponding assessment model was established based on BP neural network. The conjunction weights of the neural network were continuously modified from output layer to input layer in the process of neural network training to reduce the errors between the anticipated and actual outputs. The results from an example show that this method is reliable and feasible. The production and operation abilitv of an enterorise with assessed result of 0.833 is fairly oowerful, and that with assessed result of 0.644 is average.

STUDY ON MEASURE OF TECHNICAL INNOVATION ABILITY IN MEDIUM AND SMALL MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES

Measure index system of technical innovation in medium and smallmanufacturing enterprises is established according to principles of exploration, adaptability,standardization, generalization, feasibility, comparability and combination of economic benefit andcontinual development. It includes index of technical innovation capacity, informationaladministration on technical innovation, and investment of technical innovation, economic benefit,green technical level, social contribution and other influential indexes. Approach to measure oftechnical innovation in medium and small manufacturing enterprises is presented based on combinationof grey relation and fuzzy hiberarchy analysis, and conclusions are drawn based on practicalanalysis of 20 medium and small enterprises, which provides the basis for the medium and smallenterprises to select technical innovation policies and the government to constitute relativepolicies.

Research on evaluation model of technology innovation ability of state-owned enterprises in northeast industry base

The paper viewed the current problem that state-owned enterprises in northeast industry base hadn＇t technologies of their own intellectual property right, whose sources mainly depended on imitation and introduction from abroad. Operational evaluation method and index criteria system of enterprises technology innovation ability were put forward in this paper, different enterprises may revise the model according to their actual situations to evaluate the enterprise technological innovation ability scientifically and quickly. The findings will be helpful to correlative departments to formulate the related policies and also has important theoretical and practical value in technological innovation project of enterprise.

Empirical Study on the Relation between Enterprise Social Responsibility and Financial Capability

The consciousness ofenterprise social responsibility in our country is weaker at present. Many enterprises are unwilling to make a commitment to social responsibility, even consider that fulfilling their social responsibility goes against the improvement of enterprise performance. However, with the development of social economy and the improvement of living standards of the people, the performance of corporate social responsibility play a more and more important role. The paper defines the content included in corporate social responsibility, makes theoretical analysis on the relation between corporate social responsibility and enterprise financial ability, and makes the relativity and regression analysis on the relation between enterprise social responsibility and enterprise financial ability.

To Evaluate of the Self-dependent Innovation Ability of Equipment Manufacturing Enterprises in Shaanxi Province

For an enterprise, what is important is to have the self-dependent innovation ability so that it can en- hance the core competence unceasingly and acquire sustainable competitive advantages. In this paper, the indi- cator system of the self-dependent innovation ability of equipment manufacturing enterprises in Shaanxi province is constructed, in which includes 4 one-level indicators and 13 two-level indicators; and conducts empirical re- search by applying the multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.

Research on the Evaluation Method of the Industrial Enterprise Spothetical Ability－Benefit

To solve the evaluation problem of industrial enterprises in different types, thispaper presents an evaluation method of the synthetical index about the ability-benefit for industrial enterprises. It starts with the ability and benefit of anindustrial enterprise. and then presents concepts, measure methods, the modelof the enterprise’s ability-benefit and the standard value of indices. In order toquantify influences on industrial enterprises caused by the differences among trades and regions, the trade coefficient and the region coefficient areintroduced.

Discussion on Effective Strategies for Improving Enterprise Operation and Management Abilities

In the current socialist market economy,if an enterprise wants to grow and develop,it must do all kinds of management for its enterprise,and the most important thing for strengthening management of enterprises is to strengthen their own operation and management abilities.Whether it is financial management,management of personnel efficiency,or management of talents,it is necessary to protect from the infrastructure,so as to fundamentally improve the economic benefits of the enterprise,and vice versa if社is not properly managed,it will affect the development of the enterprise.Therefore,improving the operation and management abilities of enterprises at present is an important factor to promote the economic development of enterprises.This paper analyzes the management problems of enterprises and the definition of enterprise operation and management abilities,and analyzes how enterprises can reform and innovate,thus strengthening the operation and management abilities and economic benefits of enterprises.

Research on the Influence of Business Convergence of Listed Tourism Companies on Enterprise Performance

Studying the impact of business convergence on enterprise performance can provide empirical basis for enterprises to formulate the integrated development strategy.The business convergence degree of 28 listed tourism companies was measured by Herfindahl index,and the impact of business convergence on business performance and the moderating effect of enterprise innovation ability were discussed.The results showed that the business convergence level of listed tourism companies varied greatly.Business convergence had a significant positive impact on short-term profitability of tourism enterprises,and a significant negative impact on the growth of enterprises.Innovation ability had a positive moderating effect on the impact of business convergence on enterprise profitability,but had no significant moderating effect on the impact of business convergence on enterprise growth.The results suggest that at the present stage,the business convergence of listed tourism companies is helpful to improve the profitability of enterprises in the short term,but it does not significantly promote the long-term growth of enterprises.

An Empirical Study of the Senior Corporate Managers＇ Ability to Innovate

Senior corporate managers＇ innovation ability and spirit are very important in the growth process of corporate business development. This paper focuses on the innovation capacities of the senior corporate managers of listed companies in China and the complex relationship between firm performance and the operating environment to study and analyze the management and development of Chinese enterprises. Through relevant theoretical analysis and development of research hypotheses using the A-shares in Shanghai and Shenzhen listed companies announced in 2007 and 2008, the authors design an empirical model. The study found that in Chinese listed companies, the higher the innovation spirit of senior corporate managers, the better their business performances; the stronger the dynamic and complexity of the operating environment, the more the corporate managers＇ innovation ability will be developed.

数字技术集中度与企业创新:倒U型关系及转变

数字化转型可赋予企业创新巨大的新动能,但数字技术种类多、成本高,如何充分借助数字技术促进企业创新是企业关注的焦点。基于2007—2020年沪深A股上市公司数据,采用固定效应模型,考察数字技术集中度对企业创新的影响及作用机制。结果发现,数字技术集中度与企业创新呈显著倒U型关系,表明适度的数字技术集中度能够显著促进企业创新,但过度的数字技术集中度会抑制企业创新。机制分析表明,人力资源整合能力和研发投入强度在数字技术集中度与企业创新间发挥调节效应。随着调节变量增大,倒U型曲线拐点向左偏移,同时倒U型曲线逐渐变得平缓。在调节变量突破拐点临界值后,倒U型曲线转变为U型曲线。由此可见,调节变量增大能够进一步促进企业创新。结论可为深入理解数字技术集中度对企业创新的非线性影响,进而利用调节机制促进企业创新提供经验证据。

董事会断裂带、内部控制与审计质量——基于制造业上市公司的数据

断裂带的存在极容易使董事会形成不同的子群体,而子群体间的相互作用又会反向牵制和干扰董事会的监督能力,进而影响审计质量。以2013—2021年中国沪深A股制造业上市公司为样本,探究董事会断裂带对审计质量的影响。研究发现:首先,董事会断裂带与审计质量呈倒U形关系,断裂带异常会干扰公司董事会监督职能的正常发挥,从而影响审计质量;其次,董事会断裂带与审计质量的倒U形关系主要源于任务导向断裂带的作用,在企业成熟期更为显著;最后,内部控制能够削弱董事会断裂带对审计质量的影响,而良好的内部控制有助于缓解股东与管理层的代理成本,弥补董事会子群体间冲突带来的负面影响,在合理范围内有效地提升审计质量。

基于“三教”改革的职业教育活页式教材开发研究

校企“双元”协作开发活页式教材是职业院校深化“三教”改革急需解决的问题。通过对职业教育活页式教材形态、编写机制、内容组织模式、育人模式及教学模式变革的分析与归纳,提出活页式教材正朝着形态“活”、教师“活”、内容“活”、思想“活”、教法“活”的方向发展。在对“活页式”教材实践探索的基础上,设计职业教育活页式教材开发流程,构建融“三教”为一体的活页式教材建设框架,提出活页式教材体例格式,详解案例活页内容。

“1+X”背景下高职院校教师教学能力提升路径研究

文章围绕“1+X”政策背景下我国高职院校教师教学能力提升的路径进行了深入研究。首先,文章分析了“1+X”政策的背景和定义,着重探讨了其对高职教育带来的深刻影响。随后,通过调研当前高职院校教师的教学现状,指出了在教学模式和资源配置等方面存在的问题与挑战。文章进一步阐述了教学能力提升的必要性,强调其对提高教育质量和满足行业需求的重要性。在探讨教学能力提升路径时,文章提出了包括有效教学方法的研究、教师专业发展途径及技术与创新在教学中的应用等方面的建议。最后,文章强调了高职院校在教师教学能力提升方面应采取的具体措施,如加强校企合作、创新教学方法,以及利用现代技术提升教育效果。通过这些措施,高职院校可以更好地适应“1+X”政策的要求,提高教育质量,培养符合社会和产业需求的高素质技术技能人才。

省域内中职学校产教融合特点、困境与突破——基于110所中职学校的调查

近十年,国家连续出台多项推动产教融合的政策,产教融合被赋予了多重历史使命。但在实践层面,中职学校出现了片面追求升学率一定程度上弱化产教融合的现象,选择合作的企业多是新建的、民营的、规模较小的企业,参与学校人才培养能力不足;中职学校服务企业技术改造能力有限,教师以教学为主,科研成果产出不足;学校专业设置与产业匹配度低,毕业生合作企业就业比例不高;校企双方互惠能力较弱,产教融合要素有限,成效有待进一步提高。为此,提出了政府主导下产教融合平台建设,依托区域内产业集群打造一批职业技能训练场,促进校企间形成共生关系等可行策略。

基于教师发展理论的高职院校教师企业实践模式研究——以现代物流与供应链专业团队教师为例

高职院校教师企业实践是“双师型”教师队伍建设的前提和基础,高水平“双师型”教师队伍是推动职业教育高质量发展的重要保障。文章以现代物流与供应链专业国家级教师教学创新团队为例,围绕教师企业实践中存在的典型问题,创新提出“理念层—方法层—实施层—支撑层”一体化的教师企业实践模式,包括“三段六阶”教师发展阶段理论、“显能+潜能+效能”教师企业实践能力模型、“双元融通、三段六阶”教师企业实践项目体系,以及配套的教师企业实践运行管理和考核评价机制,以期为各高职院校教师参与企业实践提供参考。

数字经济、知识溢出与企业创新

数字经济作为赋能高质量发展的新动力,正在引发知识扩散方式和企业创新模式的深刻变革。利用2011-2020年中国A股上市公司专利数量和被引数据,探讨数字经济对企业创新的影响效应及作用机制。结果表明:整体看,数字经济促进了企业创新;分行业看,数字经济对企业创新的影响效应差异明显,对高技术制造业及技术型服务业具有显著促进作用,对低技术制造业及其他行业的影响较弱甚至有负向影响。数字经济影响创新过程中,企业创新积累发挥重要作用,较之高积累和低积累企业,数字经济对中等创新积累企业创新增长的提升作用更大。进一步研究发现,知识溢出是数字经济影响创新的重要机制,并且流向竞争对手的知识溢出同样有利于企业创新,但其溢出份额对创新的影响呈先升后降的倒“U”型。最后,采用面板门槛模型,发现数字经济的创新效应面临下行压力,而企业数据管理能力具有正向调节作用,能进一步释放数字经济的创新红利,促进其边际效应非线性递增。

基于双元制的现代学徒制教育模式研究与实践——以广东交通职业技术学院智能工程机械运用技术专业为例

现代学徒制是我国职业教育借鉴发达国家,特别是德国“双元制”职业教育的成功经验,结合我国目前职业教育的实际情况推出的新型职业教育模式。它使教学过程、教学质量与企业人才培养规格、工作岗位所要求的技术技能标准有效衔接,实现学校、企业、学生的互惠共赢。通过对德国“双元制”职业教育模式进行实地考察,引进世界500强职业能力成长指标体系,在广东交通职业技术学院智能工程机械运用技术专业现代学徒制订单班开展教育研究与实践,对有效开展现代学徒制办学、培养高素质技术技能型人才具有重要参考意义。

制造企业智能化转型绩效影响因素的组态效应——基于“动机-能力-机会”(AMO)理论分析框架

制造企业智能化转型是多种要素协同作用的结果,而如何提升转型绩效是当前中国制造企业面临的主要难题。但学界针对此议题的深入研究尚较为缺乏。对此,首先对制造企业智能化转型概念作出定义并分析其内涵要素;其次,鉴于组织、团队或个体的绩效水平会受到其能力(ability)、动机(motivation)和机会(opportunity)等多方面因素的影响,基于“动机-能力-机会”(AMO)理论框架构建制造企业智能化转型绩效影响因素的组态模型;最后,采用面向全国制造企业的103份有效调查问卷数据,并结合典型案例,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法(fsQCA)分析企业转型能力(企业动态能力、企业知识禀赋)、转型动机(内在转型需求、外部竞争压力)以及转型机会(政府政策支持、数字基础设施)对于样本企业智能化转型绩效的组态效应。结果表明:能力、动机和机会均无法单独构成制造企业高智能化转型绩效的必要条件;存在8种会导致企业高智能化转型绩效的条件组态并可归纳为能力主导机会支持型、动机主导能力支持型、动机主导机会支持型、机会主导能力支持型和能力、动机、机会兼备型五大组态类型;有1种条件组态会导致企业非高智能化转型绩效,可归纳为能力、动机、机会兼不具备型。由此得到启示:制造企业在向智能制造转型升级的过程中须重视对自身能力、动机和机会三者情况进行综合性考量,结合实际选择合理的转型升级路径。

民营企业家早年外企工作经历与企业出口表现

基于中国私营企业调查数据实证检验了民营企业家外企工作经历对于企业出口的影响。结果表明:有外企工作经历的民营企业家其所在企业的出口参与概率相对更高,出口规模相对更大。为了缓解内生性问题,采用代理变量、倾向得分匹配、处理效应模型等方法进行处理,结论仍然稳健。影响机制检验表明,外企工作经历使得民营企业家积累了社会资本,提升了公司治理水平,进而促进了企业的出口。进一步分析发现,外企工作经历的出口效应主要存在于外企负责人经历,而外企一般员工经历对企业出口不存在显著影响;相对于外企工作经历,企业家的港澳台企业工作经历对企业出口的促进作用更大;此外,外企工作经历对企业出口的影响存在地区差异,企业家才能的激发需要相应的制度环境支撑。