Factors Affecting Enterprise Intellectual Property Rights

This paper analyzes the factors that affect Intellectual Property Right(IPR) development by leveraging the way of system engineering.With scale and relationship as the objects of study,this paper explores the relationships among different factors by way of modeling,summarizes the superficial,shallow and deep reasons at different layers that affect enterprise intellectual property rights,and makes clear the correlation among all factors.

Digital Economy, Intellectual Property Rights Protection, and Modern Industrial System: An Empirical Study Based on 278 Cities in China

The digital economy has emerged as a vital force for driving the construction of a modern industrial system.This paper establishes a comprehensive evaluation indicator system for a city-level modern industrial system,incorporating dimensions such as the real economy,technological innovation,modern finance,and human resources.Based on the analysis of panel data from 278 cities in China spanning from 2011 to 2022,the impact of the digital economy on constructing a modern industrial system is investigated.Results from benchmark regression and Difference-in-Differences(DID)tests reveal a significant empowering effect stemming from digital economy development.Initiatives like the Broadband China strategy and Smart City pilot program have notably advanced the construction of a modern industrial system in pilot cities.Mechanism tests underscore the critical role of the real economy,scientific and technological innovation,modern finance,and human resources as channels through which the digital economy empowers industrial modernization.The test results of spatial spillover effects reveal that the digital economy positively drives the construction of a modern industrial system within cities and exerts a siphoning effect on their neighboring cities.Moreover,intellectual property rights protection generally serves to enhance the empowering impact of the digital economy.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the empowering impact of digital economy development on the construction of a modern industrial system is notably stronger in cities in the eastern,central,and western regions of China,as well as in secondary urban agglomerations and non-urban agglomerations.This paper offers a theoretical framework and empirical evidence supporting the construction of a modern industrial system empowered by thedigital economy.

Quantitative Characteristics of Patentable Applications in Japan： An Analysis Using Bibliographic Information of Application Documents

This study examined Japanese patents in terms of the quantitative characteristics of application documents that resulted in the acquisition of rights in order to clarify the relationship between the features and patentability of applications. The groups of approved applications and those that had not been approved were compared for 12 variables： publication time lag; numbers of inventors, classifications, pages, figures, tables, claims, priority claims, countries for priority claims, cited patents, and cited non-patent documents; and median of citation age. Furthermore, the authors carried out the experiments in which patent applications were automatically classified into two groups by the machine learning method, random forests. As a result, statistically significant differences between the two groups were observed for the following variables （p 〈 .001）： the numbers of inventors, pages, figures, claims, priority claims, and countries for priority claims were significantly larger in the group of approved applications, while the time lag until publication was smaller. In particular, the publication time lag and the numbers of inventors, pages, and figures were variables representing the features that largely contribute to discriminating approved applications in the classification using random forests, which implies that these have relatively strong relationships with patentability.

An Analysis and Comments on the First IT Intellectual Property Right Case in China

The Netac Technology Co., Ltd brought suit against Beijing Huaqi Information Digital Technology Co., Ltd for infringing Netac＇s patent. This case was the preclude to the intellectual property rights （IPR） war of the internal enterprises. The process of this case was followed with great interest because it would influence the development of the hundreds of Mobile Storage enterprises in China. This paper is based on the brief review of the details of the case, the authors analyze the main legal issues covered by this case from the two aspects of the substantive and the procedural law, and reach the conclusions that the IPR strategy has gradually become the key to the IT enterprises in their intense market competition and that the concerned laws and regulations in China should be rectified and improved accordingly.

International Patent Cooperation,Patent Prosecution Highway Agreements,and Export Product Quality

This paper investigates how international cooperation for patent examination using Patent Prosecution Highway(PPH)agreements has affected the quality of firms'exports.Taking the PPH agreements signed between China and the export destinations as a quasi-natural experiment,we established a difference-in-difference-in-differences model.We found that international cooperation for patent examination caused firms to increase export quality to PPH partners in patent-intensive industries to a greater extent.This effect was more profound among PPH partners with stronger intellectual property protection,diferentiated products and core products,and agreements along with the Patent Cooperation Treaty.We also found that PPH agreements increased the number of Chinese patent applications filed in PPH partners,patent applications by PPH partners in China,and the level of innovation,all of which constitute the major channels through which export quality to PPH partners increases.Our findings demonstrate that international patent cooperation has played an important role in promoting international trade quality.

中医药传统知识产业化进程中的相关问题与应对

目的 推动《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》框架下我国中医药传统知识的产业化进程及现代化转型。方法 梳理国际领域传统知识的保护框架,再分别从传统知识的显性化和传统知识载体的标准化两个领域寻求解决方案。结果与结论 国际社会保护传统知识的目标在于推动其现代化转型,加速其产业化应用。作为传统知识来源国,我国可通过完善《中医药传统知识保护条例(草案征求意见稿)》中有关传统知识登记制度的条款设计、推动中药专利研发与标准申请工作的同步进行,以及加强中药标准化与国际标准化资源链的融通等措施,保障中医药传统知识的合规应用。

营商环境与民营企业发展——基于模糊集定性比较分析方法的研究

什么样的营商环境有助于民营企业发展?本文基于制度复杂性理论,采用模糊集定性比较分析方法,探究市场发展、金融发展、政府效率、产权保护及信用发展5个营商环境要素对民营企业数量和质量的影响,识别既增加民营企业数量又提升民营企业质量的营商环境构成。本文基于31个省(区、市)数据,发现3种推动民营企业发展的路径:金融发展-产权保护-信用发展驱动型,市场发展-政府效率-产权保护驱动型,市场发展-产权保护-信用发展驱动型。研究有助于厘清营商环境对民营企业发展的影响,有助于政府部门优化营商环境来促进民营企业发展。

创新链视角下分析师关注对企业创新的影响机制研究

分析师作为金融市场信息中介的代表,是投资者与投资项目之间的信息桥梁。本文基于创新链视角发现,分析师关注在技术研发阶段抑制了企业研发投资,在专利申请阶段促进了企业申请专利。加强知识产权保护能够弱化分析师关注对研发投资的抑制作用,而在分析师关注与专利申请之间并未呈现出显著的调节效应。区分专利质量后发现,知识产权保护仅能促进高质量专利的申请,对低质量专利没有显著性影响。本文的创新链视角丰富了分析师关注对企业创新的影响研究,认为企业应健全内部保护体系,形成行业规范;政府应积极促进信息共享,完善知识产权维权机制;全社会应培育多元融资渠道,营造尊重原创的氛围,共同致力于鼓励原始创新,避免策略创新。

反垄断干预、地区知识产权保护与企业专利创新——基于《反垄断法》准自然实验的经验

基于2006—2022年A股上市公司样本,以《反垄断法》的实施作为准自然实验,运用双重差分模型考察了我国调整市场竞争关系的具体部门法规范实施对企业专利创新的影响。结果发现,相比竞争性企业,《反垄断法》的实施显著抑制了垄断性企业的专利创新活动,抑制效应通过降低企业研发费用进行传导,地区知识产权保护的增强可以显著削弱政策的抑制效应。进一步异质性分析结果表明,《反垄断法》的实施并不存在选择性执法现象,且对抑制国有企业创新激励有更显著的作用;《反垄断法》的实施在政府干预程度高的地区、高新技术产业抑制效果更强。研究发现丰富了反垄断规制对企业创新能力影响的相关研究,为政府干预中性提供了证据。

Cyberattack Ramifications, The Hidden Cost of a Security Breach

In this in-depth exploration, I delve into the complex implications and costs of cybersecurity breaches. Venturing beyond just the immediate repercussions, the research unearths both the overt and concealed long-term consequences that businesses encounter. This study integrates findings from various research, including quantitative reports, drawing upon real-world incidents faced by both small and large enterprises. This investigation emphasizes the profound intangible costs, such as trade name devaluation and potential damage to brand reputation, which can persist long after the breach. By collating insights from industry experts and a myriad of research, the study provides a comprehensive perspective on the profound, multi-dimensional impacts of cybersecurity incidents. The overarching aim is to underscore the often-underestimated scope and depth of these breaches, emphasizing the entire timeline post-incident and the urgent need for fortified preventative and reactive measures in the digital domain.

高校专利转化主体要素剖析及路径优化

基于专利代理、成果转化、专利情报分析等实践经验,重点分析高校专利转化的五大影响要素,深入研究教师、高校、企业三大主体与五大影响要素之间的作用机理,并探索提出优化高校专利转化路径的具体策略:推进科技创新,强化教师知识产权意识;加强政策引导,提升高校管理服务水平;精准技术需求,发掘企业专利应用空间。

企业数据的知识产权保护

企业数据和知识产权的客体之间存有共性。二者的保护基础理论相互融通,并且企业数据权利与知识产权权利结构相近似,这为企业数据的知识产权保护奠定了基础。检视现有知识产权制度框架下保护模式的有限性以识别现有制度与企业数据保护问题之间真正无法重合的地带。构建和完善企业数据保护规则须对企业数据进行类型化结构,基于类型化区分和场景化差异探寻不同保护路径。从解释论角度而言,对于无法纳入既有法定权利范畴的企业数据权益,适用《反不正当竞争法》一般条款规制未被类型化权益,关键在于客观审查数据使用行为是否违反商业道德。从立法论角度而言,可参照知识产权的行为规制赋权化路径,将规制焦点建立在对企业数据的利用行为上,对利用行为进行类型化提炼,建构一种以禁止权和报酬权为核心的不完满的控制权和有限度的排他权。

基于TOE框架的企业创新质量提升路径研究——专利战略化申请视角的分析

创新质量的提升对中国企业来说是实现效益可持续增长和保持竞争力的重要手段。近年来,我国在知识产权保护方面取得了巨大进步,在专利数量与质量层面均呈现出显著的提升趋势。在此背景下,国内企业申请专利的动机不再仅限于技术知识保护的单一目标,还包含了开拓国际市场、建立声誉和增加谈判筹码等。因此,我国企业以多动机并存的方式进行专利布局,而多元化的专利战略化申请动机对企业创新活动与结果产生了异质性影响。以中国医疗制造型上市企业为研究对象,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法(fsQCA),基于技术—组织—环境(TOE)框架,探讨技术(发明专利战略化申请动机)、组织(企业技术知识基础广度与深度)和外部环境(政府经费支持与区域知识产权保护)对企业创新质量的多元影响路径。研究发现:①企业发明专利战略化申请动机、技术知识基础特性以及外部环境之间存在联动匹配的多重并发因果关系,引致企业高创新质量与非高创新质量的组态结果呈现出因果非对称性关系;②引致企业高创新质量的组态路径有技术与组织协同型(P1)及技术—组织—环境耦合型(P2、P3)共3条,以及发明专利战略化申请的阻挡动机与国际市场开拓动机是引致企业高创新质量的关键要素;③企业高创新质量背后涉及多种因素的协同作用,通过多种组合以“殊途同归”的方式提升企业的创新质量。研究结论为企业在不同外部环境与内部知识资源的条件下,根据不同发明专利战略化申请动机,更好地利用知识产权保护以实现创新质量提升提供了理论指导与管理启示。

知识产权金融赋能科技型中小企业创新发展:作用机理、现实困境与政策建议

科技型中小企业是提升科技创新能力的重要载体,是保持经济韧性的重要支撑,是发展新质生产力的重要力量。《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革推进中国式现代化的决定》明确指出,要加强对国家重大科技任务和科技型中小企业的金融支持。目前,我国科技型中小企业创新发展面临“融资难、融资贵”困境,利用知识产权进行融资可以为科技型中小企业拓宽融资渠道,为科技型中小企业创新发展增添新动力。以科技型中小企业为研究主体,从知识产权金融视角出发,通过作用机理分析、现实情况考量、实践经验总结等途径探索知识产权金融赋能科技型中小企业创新发展面临的现实困境,进而提出针对性政策建议十分必要。通过重点分析知识产权证券化、知识产权融资租赁等其他融资模式,为科技型中小企业利用知识产权融资提供实践指导,可为完善知识产权金融赋能科技型中小企业创新发展理论体系提供智力支撑。

类型化视角下非遗知识产权保护体系研究

非遗知识产权保护的类型化梳理是非遗知识产权保护体系构建的前提,类型化思维和传统概念化思维的有效互补可以化解非遗知识产权保护的规则冲突。以促进文化传承和推动区域经济发展为价值标准规划出非遗知识产权保护的具体路径,通过利益平衡原则指导下的非遗“权利主体”和惠益原则指导下的非遗“保护客体”类型化分析,解构非遗的传统类型,厘清非遗知识产权保护的内容和样态,合理重构非遗知识产权保护类型,为非遗知识产权保护提出有效配置方案,实现非遗知识产权保护的良性循环。

中医药传统知识专门保护制度构建研究

中医药传统知识是中医药的核心内容,兼具卫生、经济、科技、文化、生态五重资源价值。目前中医药传统知识面临国外不当占有、盗用,国内传承、保护不力的双重困局,现行法律制度无法实现全面、系统保护,建立专门保护制度已成为必然选择。专门保护制度需要解决四个核心问题:对外防御侵占和不当占有,对内保护持有人权利并规范知识的获取与利用,化解持有人利益与社会公共利益之间的矛盾,处理与现行法律制度的衔接。在此基础上,提出构建中医药传统知识专门保护制度的四个机制,即阻却外国不当专利申请的防御机制、持有人权利保护机制、持有人利益与社会公共利益平衡机制、与现行法律制度的衔接机制,以更好促进中医药传统知识的保护、传承、创新、发展。

金融发展、知识产权保护与企业创新--基于制造业知识产权保护的视角

创新驱动经济高质量发展的过程中,企业是微观基础,金融是推动企业创新的重要力量。文章从知识产权保护的视角研究金融发展与企业创新之间的关系,并选取2013-2019年我国制造业A股上市公司数据进行实证研究。研究结果表明:金融发展对企业创新有稳健的促进作用;增强知识产权保护能提升金融对企业创新的促进作用,主要影响的是企业创新的质量。异质性分析显示,知识产权保护在金融发展和企业创新之间的正向调节作用仅存在于民营企业和国有企业中。研究结论为金融发展和知识产权保护推动制造业企业技术创新提供了有益思考。

对高质量专利管理工作的思考——以河北省农林科学院为例

高质量专利是衡量高校、科研院所科技创新实力的一项重要参考指标。文章以河北省农林科学院为例,介绍了河北省农林科学院高质量专利管理工作的相关做法,分析了专利管理工作中存在的问题,并针对问题从加强立项过程管理、注重建立引导性政策、打造专业团队等方面提出了加强高质量专利产出的对策和建议,以期为省级农业科研院所的高质量专利管理工作提供参考。

我国非物质文化遗产传承人法律保护制度运行检视与本土化构建

非物质文化遗产传承人保护是中华优秀传统文化传承保护的关键举措之一。在实践中,部分非物质文化遗产传承“无人”,并呈现传承人的断层危机、传承人欠缺自主品牌的保护意识、传承人对非物质文化遗产二次创造的能力较弱和特色保护机制缺失等现象,亟须予以解决。现行代表性传承人认定制度欠缺理性构建、传承人难以获得知识产权保护、传承人获得利益分享的空间受限和现行法对传承人的保护不完备等问题凸显出传承人保护法律制度的不足。结合我国非物质文化遗产传承人法律保护制度运行实践,可以通过厘清代表性传承人的认定标准、突破现行知识产权制度的保护范围、探索本土化的利益分享制度和完善传承人保护制度的本土化设计等举措,构建符合我国国情的非物质文化遗产传承人保护法律制度体系。