Impact of environmental governance PPP project on government performance from the perspective of value co-creation

Under the background of public-private cooperation in environmental governance,there are conflicts in the value of governance subjects based on differences in objectives and behavior heterogeneity.From the perspective of value co-creation theory,the questionnaire data and correlation structure measurement linked list are used to investigate the internal mechanism of value co-creation behavior affecting government performance.The results of the study show that value co-creation behavior has a significant positive impact on government performance,and partnership plays a mediating role in value co-creation behavior and government performance.The study reveals that whether value co-creation behavior can affect government performance depends on the partnership among the government,enterprises and the public,and the participants realize the interest demands to form value co-creation behavior,and innovate the realization path to improve government performance.This paper expands the research perspective of the influencing factors of value co-creation behavior,deepens the value cognition of multi-subject behavior,and provides a theoretical reference for environmental governance and improving government performance.

Toward inclusive list-making for trade liberalization in environmental goods to reduce carbon emissions

The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC)is contemplating expanding its list of environmental goods(EG)for trade liberalization to fight climate change.In support of doing so,this study proposes that a long list that retains controversies is better for carbon emission reduction than a short common list.This study examines four mechanisms of longer lists:enlarging market scales,enriching product mixes,enhancing product sophistication,and enriching trade patterns.Using China’s emerging EG trade during the 2001-2015 period as a case study,this study compares four EG lists with different EG.The results show that:(1)a longer list reduces carbon emissions from both imports and exports,making domestic regions with different advantages have better chances of improving carbon efficiencies.(2)Product sophistication reduces the emission gap between trading partners,regardless of the length of EG lists.(3)China’s EG exports contribute to carbon reduction in leading regions,while EG imports provide laggard regions with better chances of reducing carbon emissions.These findings provide three implications for future list-making:it is important to(1)seek a long and inclusive list rather than a short common list,(2)shift the focus from environmental end-use to the technological contents of products,and(3)balance the demand of laggard regions to import and the capacity of leading regions to export.

Does internet use improve the public evaluation of government environmental governance (GEG) in China? An analysis using the Chinese Social Survey, 2013−2017

Based on three datasets of the Chinese Social Survey(CSS)2013,2015,and 2017 and the National Statistical Yearbook,this study examined whether and in what ways using the Internet may or may not affect the public evaluation of government environmental governance(GEG).There are three main findings.First,Internet use has a negative influence on the public evaluation of GEG.Second,there has been an urban-rural difference in terms of Internet use;especially for the rural resident,increasing their use of the Internet significantly lowered their evaluation of GEG.Third,Internet use affects GEG mainly through political trust,whilst it tends to enhance people’s perception of environmental problems;however,it has little influence on their evaluation of GEG.This finding implies that public evaluation of GEG should be viewed as an important inter-subjective dimension of GEG;especially in the Internet era,it has become increasingly necessary for the government to not only continuously improve the quality of governance by dealing with actual/practical environmental issues,but also enhance its ability to react to the public opinions online effectively and appropriately.

A Review of Metal–Organic Framework-Based Compounds for Environmental Applications

Metal–organic framework-based compounds have recently gained great attention because of their unique porous structure,ordered porosity,and high specific surface area.Benefiting from these superior properties,metal–organic framework-based compounds have been proven to be one of the most potential candidates for environmental governance and remediation.In this review,the different types of metal–organic framework-based compounds are first summarized.Further,the various environmental applications of metal–organic framework-based compounds including organic pollutant removal,toxic and hazardous gas capture,heavy metal ion detection,gas separation,water harvesting,air purification,and carbon dioxide reduction reactions are discussed in detail.In the end,the opportunities and challenges for the future development of metal–organic framework-based compounds for environmental applications are highlighted.

Knowledge map analysis of China's public participation in environmental governance PPP project using CiteSpace

China’s public participation in environmental governance PPP projects has become a hot research issue.Based on the CiteSpace software,taking 1592 literatures collected by CNKI from 2000 to 2021 as samples,the paper visually analyzes the literature timing,author distribution,institutional distribution,hot topics and evolution trends of Chinese public participation in environmental governance PPP project.After 20 years of development,the research focus of China’s public participation in environmental governance PPP project involves rural environmental governance,environmental diversification governance,regional environmental governance and environmental governance value-driven,and shows endogenous implicit drive and endogenous explicit drive.The multi-spiral characteristics of China’s public participation in environmental governance PPP coexist with endogenous implicit obstacles and exogenous implicit obstacles.

自然资源资产离任审计、环保回应与企业高质量发展

以2014—2022年沪深A股上市公司为样本,将资源型和重污染型企业作为实验组,其他类型企业作为对照组,采用双重机器学习模型考察自然资源资产离任审计常态化对企业高质量发展的影响。研究发现,自然资源资产离任审计能够促进资源型和重污染型企业高质量发展;机制检验结果表明,自然资源资产离任审计常态化能够增强政府环境监管力度和提高企业绿色治理绩效,通过这两类环保回应行为可以促进企业高质量发展;异质性分析发现,自然资源资产离任审计对企业高质量发展的促进作用在融资约束程度较大和受政府干预较强的企业中更为明显,且绿色投资者能够强化这种作用。

城市湿地公园消落带景观生态重建模式探讨——以南昌市马兰圩湿地公园为例

消落带区域因季节性淹没与裸露,水流反复冲刷,加之人类活动频繁,是城市生态系统的生态敏感区和脆弱区。前人相关研究多聚焦于三峡库区或大江大河的消落带土壤、植被、生境与污染物等方面,较少关注城市湿地公园的消落带,尤其是其生态重建与生态恢复方面。以南昌市马兰圩湿地公园消落带为例,系统分析了其消落带的现状及存在的问题,并基于此提出了湿地公园消落带的生态重建原则与模式,以最大限度地恢复这一区域的生态、环境和经济功能,从而为城市湿地公园的消落带生态恢复与重建提供参考。

The Role of Certificates and Labels for Cocoa in the Face of Climate Change: A Scientific Review

Climate change threatens cocoa quality, raising concerns regarding sustainable premium cocoa production. Evaluating the effectiveness of certification standards is imperative to address this concern effectively. A multi-stage method was employed for a systematic review of 39 peer-reviewed articles to highlight the impacts of climate change on the biophysical environment of cocoa and its implications for adapting Geographical Indications (GIs). Additionally, a comprehensive review was conducted on climate-relevant standards of certificates in Ecuador, Indonesia, and Ghana. The findings of this study provide practical insights into possible difficulties that cocoa-producing countries may encounter in maintaining the distinctive flavours and quality trademarks of cocoa in the face of changing climate. Moreover, the findings emphasize the need for producer countries to prioritize viable adaptation and product differentiation strategies that meet sustainable marketing standards to protect GIs or place-based intellectual property. Furthermore, the findings indicate certificates require effective multi-level climate change management and environmental-social-governance principles that promote scientifically proven mitigation strategies, such as increasing soil organic carbon, zero deforestation, and reducing emissions while striving to leverage local adaptation policies to reduce location-specific vulnerability. Finally, certificates can accelerate the expansion, intensification, and redistribution of sustainable production for gains that outweigh the inconveniences caused by climate change.

Primary and Secondary Microplastic and Nanoplastic Regulations: Perspectives on Water Industry Impacts

Plastic pollution, both primary and secondary, is an environmental challenge, prompting regulatory actions at global and regional levels. With increasing research about the impacts of micro- and nanoplastics on ecosystems and human health, governments worldwide have undertaken efforts to address this issue. The global community has advanced regulatory efforts that have led to the implementation of national laws or regulations in numerous countries. These measures ban or restrict the use of primary and secondary microplastics and nanoplastics. An overview of global and European regulatory frameworks is presented to provide context for the United States (US). In the endeavor to document plastics regulation development in the US, a description of regulatory agencies and their roles in advancing policy and rules as well as future direction and areas for improvement in regulating plastics are introduced. A discussion of what emerging regulations mean to utilities and industries is also provided along with a comparison of regulatory frameworks.

治理抑或挤出:领导干部自然资源资产离任审计的降污效用

领导干部自然资源资产离任审计试点对降低当地环境污染有重要作用,但其降污作用是来自审计产生的治理效应?还是对当地污染的挤出效应?在全面推开领导干部自然资源资产离任审计之际,不同答案对于如何更有效开展审计工作有重要影响。通过手工整理领导干部自然资源资产离任审计的试点数据,使用多时点双重差分法等实证方法,深入探讨了领导干部自然资源资产离任审计降污作用的问题后发现:领导干部自然资源资产离任审计试点能够降低当地环境污染,其降污作用并非来自审计驱动的挤出效应,而是审计产生的治理效应,这一观点在多种稳健性检验下依然成立。进一步研究表明,治理效应具有一定的衰减性,审计驱动污染挤出效应尽管不显著,但仍值得警惕。源于审计监督的溢出效应,领导干部自然资源资产离任审计试点还会降低周边地区污染。因此,提出构建符合地方特点、基于污染源的评价指标体系,增强地方政府和企业的审计预期,降低转移污染的机会主义行为等建议。

国际环境法中非国家参与者主体地位的理论探析

在传统主体理念的背景下,国际环境法的主体仅限于国家和政府间国际组织,但随着非政府组织和个人在当今全球环境治理中的作用凸显,固有的主体论受到很大冲击。在系统总结和概括非政府组织和个人这两种非国家参与者在国际环境法领域现有地位、局限性与理论争议的基础上,认为应有限地承认其主体地位。这不仅符合法律主体扩大化的法理趋势与国际环境法的独立性和特殊性,也具有发扬全球环境治理模式、顺应市民社会发展和人权保护潮流、肯认非国家参与者实际作用的现实意义。因此,应通过灵活的定义选择、构建地位不平等的多元法律主体谱系、创设特殊主体资格承认的具体条件等路径,打造有限承认非国家参与者主体地位的具体模式,适当扩充现有国际环境法主体范围,使非国家参与者的主体地位在一定范围内得到彰显。

A multiple case study on the cooperative governance model of treating environmental deterioration

Managing the acute problem of environmental deterioration due to the industrialization of modern China is necessary.Using three cases from a theoretical perspective of procedure-structure,this study explored how environmental deterioration is governed in three circumstances.Research findings revealed that the pattern to treat the worsening environment is associated closely with individual-specific circumstances,and thus three patterns of governance are developed:bureaucratic,contractual,and network-based cooperatives.The cases and the results are described the advantages and disadvantages of these models are discussed.Suggestions on how to more effectively manage these urgent problems are as follows:first,the governance must fit the circumstance,namely,its physical,biological,and social attributes;second,the regulations and conditions regarding the government-dominated pattern are came up from the perspective of mega-governance,mutual trust contracts,benefit sharing,and social capital;and third,the government should abandon the pattern based on the single subject and adopt a plural subject governance model to integrate all the relevant forces to facilitate the attainment of benign environmental governance.

Deliberative Governance as an Instrumental Mechanism: A Study of Different Types of Environmental Deliberations

Deliberative governance of environmental issues indicates that environmental governance has undergone a transformation from relying on government authority for solutions to reaching consensus among participants.This can be regarded as an important strategy for the structural transformation of China’s environmental governance.In this paper,the practices of environmental deliberation in China are classified into four types by the attributes of environmental issues and the relationships of participants as:response-,autonomy-,consultation-,and supervision-based.On the basis of the government’s interests and motives to engage in environmental deliberations,we analyze its practice orientations from five perspectives:scope of issues,functions,participants,procedures,and methods.Then we point out that environmental deliberations have both public and instrumental governance motives,but the governance motive,which aims for governance effectiveness and social control,is more conspicuous.We further conclude that the value pursuit of deliberative democracy for public reasons is to some extent replaced by an instrumental deliberative motive that intends to address specific environmental issues,standardize public participation orderliness,safeguard social harmony and stability,strengthen organizational functions,provide consultation on environmental policies,and promote the implementation of those policies.

从社会选择到自主选择:民间环保组织策略性行动的演变逻辑

改革开放以来,民间环保组织活跃在环保领域,成为推动环保事业的重要力量。绿色江河这一民间环保组织在其成长历程中,组织目标、活动内容、发展策略、与政府关系等方面的行动选择和采取的策略性行动蕴含一种演变逻辑,亦即从社会选择到自主选择的转变。在组织生成阶段,民间环保组织的策略性行动遵循社会选择逻辑,在组织可持续发展能力提升阶段,得益于丰富的行动经验和不断增强的资源动员能力,策略性行动转变为注重自主选择逻辑,对自身的角色定位不再局限于民间角色,而是致力于构建政府主导、社会参与的大环保治理格局。在不同阶段,民间环保组织将组织自身的持续发展放在首位,并基于特定社会环境,从自身角度自主地作出策略性行动选择。

知识为基:中国社会组织环境风险沟通的实践策略与逻辑理路

环境风险沟通是环境治理的关键环节,因政府与专家主导的“单向说服模式”存在局限,建构更优且具有中国本土特色的“双向沟通路径”受到学术界与实务界的关注。作为零散公众“代言人”和环境保护“布道者”的社会组织在其中如何行动?能否突破“信息接收者”的被动身份,实现沟通方向倒转?为更好地回答这些问题,以垃圾焚烧风险争议为观察切片,依托内容分析、文本分析、民族志等方法对九家机构及其微信公众号进行历时观察,凝练了“知识为基”的风险沟通逻辑。即社会组织在“知识协商型风险沟通”的目标牵引、“双重知识短缺”的压力驱动和“知识采纳”的正向激励中,秉持“科学公益”理念,依托“知识共同体”的组织保障,运用知识拣选、勾连、浓缩、具象、定投五种技巧整合权威、专家、实践、经验四类知识,展示风险警示、溯源、减缓、反思四项议题,进而唤起多元主体的环境风险警惕与治理行动。一方面,有助于拓展风险沟通理论体系,推进其精细化与本土化;另一方面,能透视中国环境治理体系与治理能力现代化进程中社会组织的行动空间,把握政社关系未来走势。

长三角跨界环境污染事件治理研究——基于基金会介入的演化博弈模型仿真

跨界环境污染事件频发阻碍了长三角区域一体化发展。府际治理博弈中环境污染外溢性使地方政府陷入囚徒困境,从而倾向选择以邻为壑的恶性竞争策略,而中央政府介入治理模式成效不彰。以演化博弈与政府行为理论为基础,创新性引入长三角跨界环境污染治理基金会与A、B两省构建三方演化博弈模型,对均衡点进行稳定性分析并进行仿真,进而通过厘清府际行为机理,评估长三角跨界环境污染治理基金会介入效果。研究结果表明:长三角跨界环境污染治理基金会在博弈介入效果与引导调节速度方面优势显著,对行政资源过度依赖问题纾困效应明显。提出引入三方机构参与治理、推进府际治理权力下沉、构建高效协调机制的政策建议,最终实现平等协作、优势互补、互利互惠。

非政府组织对南极环境决策的影响路径与中国因应

环境治理既是南极国际治理的核心议题,又是各国锚定参与南极事务的关键目标之一。纵观南极环境决策机制,既有南极条约协商会议(ATCM)、南极环境保护委员会(CEP)以及南极海洋生物资源养护委员会(CCAMLR)等南极条约体系制定机构的引领,又有南极旅游组织者协会(IAATO)等活跃在南极的非政府组织的积极参与。非政府组织以其非政府性、非营利性和国际性的优势在制定行业规范、供给科学知识、参与议题设置、强化舆论引导等方面发挥了独有作用,进一步促进了南极环境决策机制的透明化和民主化。作为南极条约协商国,我国在参与南极环境治理时应辩证看待非政府组织所发挥的作用,既要关注其在南极造法进程中的重要贡献,又要警惕非政府组织“政府化”和“唯资本化”倾向对我国造成的扰动。此外,我国要以南极研究科学委员会(SCAR)为纽带加强同非政府组织在科学层面的合作,同时鼓励并引导国内社会组织参与南极事务,不断提升在南极治理中的话语权和国际地位。

地方政府行为对工业能源环境效率的影响——以“一带一路”沿线省市区为例

我国工业发展过程中能源消费总量大,环境污染较为严重,能源使用效率有待提高。以2010—2020“一带一路”沿线省市区工业为研究对象,结合内生增长理论和高质量发展的现实要求,构建全局非径向方向距离函数(global non-radial directional distance function,GNDDF),测算“一带一路”沿线省市区工业能源环境效率。基于面板Tobit模型对工业能源环境效率与地方政府经济干预、地方政府经济竞争、地方政府创新偏向和地方政府环保偏向之间的内在联系展开研究,探讨不同地方政府行为对能源环境效率的影响。研究结果表明:工业能源环境效率呈现“海上丝绸之路>沿线平均水平>丝绸之路经济带”的次序分布;各支线工业能源环境效率依“东南线>西南线>东北线>平均水平>西北线”的次序分布;地方政府经济干预和经济竞争对工业能源环境效率会产生负面影响,地方政府创新偏向和环保偏向的提高有利于促进工业能源环境效率;当地方政府经济干预强度下降时,地方政府经济竞争和地方政府环保偏向对工业能源环境效率的影响显著由负转为正,地方政府创新偏向对工业能源环境效率的作用会增强但不显著。总体来看,推进简政放权、优化地方政府的服务职能有利于提高工业能源环境效率。

Temperature-regulation liquid gating membrane with controllable gas/liquid separation

Membrane separation technology with the ability to regulate gas/liquid transport and separation is critical for environmental fields, such as sewerage treatment, multiphase separation, and desalination. Although numerous membranes can dynamically control liquid-phase fluids transport via external stimuli, the transport and separation of gas-phase fluids remains a challenge. Here, we show a temperature-regulation liquid gating membrane that allows in-situ dynamically controllable gas/liquid transfer and multiphase separation by integrating a thermo-wettability responsive porous membrane with functional gating liquid. Experiments and theoretical analysis have demonstrated the temperature-regulation mechanism of this liquid gating system, which is based on thermo-responsive changes of porous membrane surface polarity, leading to changes in affinity between the porous membrane and the gating liquid. In addition, the sandwich configuration with dense Au-coated surfaces and heterogeneous internal components by a bistable interface design enables the liquid gating system to enhance response sensitivity and maintain working stability. This temperature-regulation gas/liquid transfer strategy expands the application range of liquid gating membranes,which are promising in environmental governance, water treatment and multiphase separation.

环境分权对环境目标约束设定的影响

环境目标约束是典型的中国特色的环境规制手段。关于环境目标约束的经济影响的文献已较为丰富,然而对环境目标约束的影响因素的研究仍有待完善。本文基于城市面板数据,实证检验环境分权与环境目标约束设定之间的因果关系。研究结果表明,随着环境分权的提升,地方政府设定的环境目标约束会明显增大。从分项指标来看,环境监测分权的作用效果最大,环境行政分权和环境监察分权不具有显著影响。经过一系列稳健性检验后,上述结论仍成立。异质性分析表明,环境分权对环境目标约束设定的影响在经济较为落后、经济上行时期以及第二产业比重较低的地区相对更大。本文研究结论为规范政府环境治理、顺利实现节能减排目标提供了证据支持,对健全生态文明制度体系、促进人与自然和谐共生也具有重要的启示意义。