A holistic framework for facilitating environmental and human health

In the Anthropocene,health is necessary to achieve global sustainable development.This is a challenge because health issues are complex and span from humans to ecosystems and the environment through dynamic interac-tions across scales.We find that the health issues have been mainly addressed by disciplinary endeavors which unfortunately will not result in panoramic theories or effective solutions.We recommend focusing on the intri-cate interactions between humans,ecosystems and the environment for developing common theoretical under-standings and practical solutions for safeguarding planetary health,with human health as the key indicator and endpoint.To facilitate this paradigm shift,a holistic framework is formulated that incorporates disturbances from inner Earth and our solar system,and accommodates interactions between humans,ecosystems and the environ-ment in a nested hierarchy.An integrative and transdisciplinary health science is advocated along with holistic thinking to resolve our current health challenges and to achieve the health-related sustainable development goals.

Sustainable urban development — the public health dimension

Public health in England developed during the first half of the nineteenth century with concern for sanitation in urban areas. Since that time environment, behaviour, social relationships, health services and genetic constitution are all recognized to contribute to health and disease in populations. Sustainable development is now of global concern, and its foundations—economy, environment and society—are similar to the determinants of health. However, while improved environment will have an important contribution to health, the broader social objectives are also needed to avoid the downward cycle of inequality and cultural deterioration that has occurred in some western cities. Epidemiological studies at University College London are particularly concerned with these social dimensions, and research opportunities exist for collaboration with environmental sciences in a number of areas, including intersectoral work, societies in social transition, collaboration with business, and research within through the European Union.

Climate change,ambient air pollution,and students'mental health

The impact of global climate change and air pollution on mental health has become a crucial public health issue.Increased public awareness of health,advancements in medical diagnosis and treatment,the way media outlets report environmental changes and the variation in social resources affect psychological responses and adaptation methods to climate change and air pollution.In the context of climate change,extreme weather events seriously disrupt people's living environments,and unstable educational environments lead to an increase in mental health issues for students.Air pollution affects students'mental health by increasing the incidence of diseases while decreasing contact with nature,leading to problems such as anxiety,depression,and decreased cognitive function.We call for joint efforts to reduce pollutant emissions at the source,improve energy structures,strengthen environmental monitoring and governance,increase attention to the mental health issues of students,and help student groups build resilience;by establishing public policies,enhancing social support and adjusting lifestyles and habits,we can help students cope with the constantly changing environment and maintain a good level of mental health.Through these comprehensive measures,we can more effectively address the challenges of global climate change and air pollution and promote the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Sustainable development of Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration:a scenario analysis based on water shortage and water environment changes

China has experienced a rapid urbanization since late 1970s. The great increase of urban population has resulted in various environmental changes, of which urban water shortage and water environment problems have oc-curred in most cities, especially in the rapidly developing urban agglomerations in the eastern coastal region. This research, taking Shandong Peninsula Urban Agglomeration (SPUA) as a case study area, analyzes the urbanization expansion in the last decades, discusses the water shortage and water environment changes following the rapid eco-nomic development and urbanization such as groundwater sinking in the urban and plain area, sea water and salt-water intrusion in the coastal cities, water pollution overspreading and water ecosystem degradation, and puts for-wards some strategies for sustainability in populous regions with severe water shortage. Some countermeasures for sustainable development of SPUA are put forward, such as constructing modern water resources inter-city networks to regulate water resource between cities, adjusting urbanization policy and urban scale planning to promote the de-velopment of small towns and medium sized cities, optimizing urban industry structure by restricting high water con-sumption enterprises and stimulating the growth of tertiary industry, improving water use eff iciency to reduce fresh water consumption and wastewater discharge, introducing economic means to water pricing and water management system, and restoring ecological conditions to strengthen the natural water-making capacity.

Geological environment conflicts of Kunming Basin and its urban sustainable development

Kunming Basin locates middle of Yunnan altiplano and has a particularity in geography,topographic and geological environment.With the urban dilation quickly,add the reason of the unreasonable city layout,conflicts between environment and urban resources consumption become shrill increasingly.It is human being activities that lead to vulnerability and depravation of geological environment in local.Take a few examples on geological environment to expatiate relationship between urban construction and geological environment carrying capacity,and find a way how to make a better plan for urban sustainable development to achieve new balance between man and nature in local.

Sustainable Development and Health:Recent International Developments,Policies and Projects

Environment and health have been more and more jointly addressed in recent years,thanks to the efforts of several public and private institutions.In this scenario,a leading role has been played by the World Heath Organisation(WHO).A specific attention was devoted to the issue by the European Union(EU)EU institutions and the WHO Office for Europe,which lists 52 countries(including Europe,Eastern European Countries and Turkey, former Yugoslavia and part of the former Soviet Union).The objectives of the present paper are to give an overview of the main developments in this area,and to underline the progress made towards a common understanding of health and environment issues,the advantages and limits of these developments and the challenges for the future,to be tackled at a global level.

Sustainable Development and the Basic Value of Natural Environment

Contrast with artificial environment, the multi-level self-organizational system of nature has great gain. Sustain-able material environment should respect nature: non-rubbish and super-cycle quality of natural ecosystem offers the material source of human development, fractal structure of nature offers new field of space and information source to this high-density and information-based society, dissipative structure of nature links the new system of energy with whole ecosystem organi-cally, and life-chain regulation is the base of sustainable life environment. Nature guarantees the physical healthy environ-ment by its all-dimension healthy factor, constructs the mental healthy environment by its quality of co-ordinate and chaos, so that guarantees the whole emergence of sustainable develop-ment on the 'super-science' level. In the view of sustainable development, construction, green economy and human health are basic fields. With the concept of ecosystem regulation, we can relate these fields organically and fulfill the task of human health, welfare and sustainable development. Ecosystem regulation is the base of sustainable development's new para-digm.

An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Urbanization and Changes in Resources and Environment

The expansion of urban scale is the inevitable outcome during urbanization,and it has exacerbated the contradiction between urbanization,and resources and environment. Based on the environmental indicator data related to the urbanization of Chongqing Municipality during the period 2000- 2012,this article uses regression analysis and ARIMA forecasting model to study the impact of rapid urbanization on the resources and environment. It is found that urbanization is significantly and positively correlated with the built-up area,the annual electricity consumption,domestic waste water discharge amount,and industrial waste gas emission,but significantly and negatively correlated with the industrial solid waste discharge amount; before 2020,along with the improvement of the level of urbanization in Chongqing,the degree of deterioration of the environment and resources will be further increased; after 2020,urbanization and ecological environment will be in a new round of balance,and the resources and environment will be improved.

Fringe View: Problems and Construction of Human Settlement Environment for "Village-in-City"

The construction of human settlement environment is one of the important contents in the domain of sustainable development. We try to annotate human settlement environment for "village- in-city" from the angle of fringe view. According to the macro-system thought of human settlement environment science, the evolvement, which can be generalized into four phases, connotation and problems (including social, economic, and environmental problems) of "village-in-city" are discussed primarily in this paper. Some domestic and international researches and practices are also summarized and assessed in the paper. Based on the analysis, some appropriate clues and suggestions for the construction of "village-in-city" have been put forward.

Urban Forestry as a Vehicle for Healthy and Sustainable Development

Urban forestry has been defined as the art, science and technology of managing trees and forestresources in and around urban community ecosystems for the physiological, sociological, economic andaesthetic benefits trees provide. The importance of urban forestry has received limited attention in manypoor countries as it is often percieved as being associated with beautification projects, which are considereda luxury benefiting only the wealthier part of the population. However, urban forestry may have a number ofenvironmental, economic and socio-cultural values, which will also benefit poorer segments of city populations.Even in poorer countries, planning for urban trees and forests is a good investment, as these areas will bedemanded when income levels increase. Once everything is allocated to other construction or infrastructure,it may be very difficult to create new green areas unless these are planned for.The Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning has been leading actor in the development of UrbanForestry during the last decade. EUFORIC (European Urban Forestry Research and Information Centre),COST Action E12 Urban Forests and Trees and E39 Forests, Trees and Human Health and Wellbeing areall examples of activities initiated and coordinated by the Danish centre. It has also developed urban forestryand urban greening as a concept for environment and development aid projects in Eastern Europe anddeveloping countries in Southeast Asia and Southern Africa. Over the coming years, the main challange willbe to ensure that the expansion of the green infrastructure in the worlds urban areas is implemented withinthe framework of sustainability and human health and well-being, without the use of a technology inimical toman and nature and with as few chemical aids as possible.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERIOUSLY POLLUTED CITIES IN CHINA——Taking Benxi City as an Example

Ｉ．ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＣｉｔｉｅｓａｒｅｔｈｅｓｙｍｂｏｌｓｏｆｈｕｍａｎ’ｓｃｉｖｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ，ｔｈｅｓｐａｔｉａｌｃａｒｉｅｒｓｏｆｅｃｏｎｏｍｙａｎｄｔｈｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｏｆｒｅｇｉｏｎａｌｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃａｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓ（Ｇｕ...

Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics of Urban Land Surface Temperature Based on Local Climate Zones in Xi’an Metropolitan,China

Local climate zones(LCZs)are an effective nexus linking internal urban structures to the local climate and have been widely used to study urban thermal environment.However,few studies considered how much the temperature changed due to LCZs transformation and their synergy.This paper quantified the change of urban land surface temperature(LST)in LCZs transformation process by combining the land use transfer matrix with zonal statistics method during 2000–2019 in the Xi’an metropolitan.The results show that,firstly,both LCZs and LST had significant spatiotemporal variations and synchrony.The period when the most LCZs were converted was also the LST rose the fastest,and the spatial growth of the LST coincided with the spatial expansion of the built type LCZs.Secondly,the LST difference between land cover type LCZs and built type LCZs gradually widened.And LST rose more in both built type LCZs transferred in and out.Finally,the Xi’an-Xianyang profile showed that the maximum temperature difference between the peaks and valleys of the LST increased by 4.39℃,indicating that localized high temperature phenomena and fluctuations in the urban thermal environment became more pronounced from 2000 to 2019.

水稻产业政策对农业可持续发展的作用机制分析

水稻作为我国的主要粮食作物之一,其产业的发展对于农业可持续发展具有重要意义。通过深入分析农业可持续发展的核心理念与目标,探究水稻产业政策在推动农业可持续发展方面的积极作用,包括促进资源优化配置、提高农业生产效率、增强农业抗风险能力等方面,并结合实际情况,给出了优化水稻产业政策的策略建议,以期为水稻产业的健康发展及农业可持续发展的推进提供理论支持和实践指导。

可持续发展视角下的城市更新策略研究

旨在分析可持续发展视角下的城市更新策略,涵盖生态环境保护、社会文化维护、经济发展、技术创新应用,以及政策法规支持5个核心方面。在生态环境保护方面,重点关注绿色空间的保护、资源节约与循环利用;在社会文化维护方面,探讨历史文化遗产保护、社区参与和居民生活质量提升;在经济发展方面,讨论城市更新对就业和经济多样性的促进、基础设施现代化;在技术创新应用方面则集中于智慧城市技术、可持续建筑设计;政策法规支持方面则聚焦于政策法规的制定、政府与民间组织的合作。研究结果表明,通过实施综合性策略,城市更新能够有效地促进城市的可持续发展,为城市居民创造更优质的生活环境,同时保护和弘扬城市的历史文化遗产。

碳中和背景下城市绿地的发展:从“城市森林”到森林城市

在碳中和的时代背景下,城市绿地作为城市生态系统的重要组成部分,正经历着从“城市森林”到森林城市的深刻转变。文章通过分析具体案例和数据,探讨了城市绿地在提升碳汇能力、改善生态环境、促进社会经济可持续发展等方面的积极作用,旨在为其他城市的绿地发展提供借鉴和参考。

国家审计与城市创业活跃度

基于国家审计信息理论和免疫系统理论,以中国278个城市2009—2018年的面板数据为样本,分析国家审计对城市创业活跃度的影响。研究表明,国家审计监督治理能够显著提升城市创业活跃度,该结论在一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。机制分析发现,国家审计作为一项外部监督机制,能够改善地区政务、市场、金融和司法环境,进而提升城市创业活跃度。进一步,国家审计的治理效应在东部地区、规模较小城市以及高政府创新偏好的样本中更明显。研究结论印证了高质量审计监督能够有效保障经济社会高质量发展,切实将制度优势转化为治理效能,进而优化城市创业环境、提高城市创业活跃度。

城市绿色基础设施降温作用及其影响因素研究进展

城市绿色基础设施(UGI)作为一种多尺度、多类型和多功能的绿色网络,对缓解城市升温和提升城市气候韧性具有重要作用。尽管如此,当前仍缺乏关于UGI降温作用研究方法、降温机制、尺度效应和影响因素等方面的系统性综述。为此,从尺度、方法、降温机制、影响因素等多个方面详尽回顾了UGI降温作用研究进展,并讨论了其局限性、挑战和未来研究方向。研究发现:(1)UGI降温作用的研究尺度可归纳为站点、建筑、街道、绿地、街区和城市6类,其中站点、绿地和街区等微尺度和局部尺度研究较多,而城市尺度关注则较少。(2)研究方法可分为温度数据获取、降温作用测度和影响因素分析三部分。其中,温度数据获取主要采用实地观测、遥感观测和模型模拟三类方法;降温作用测度可分为基于空间参考、基于时间或情景参考和基于统计关系三类;影响因素分析多采用相关分析与多重线性回归等传统统计方法,此外,可探究非线性影响的机器学习方法也逐渐得到应用。(3)UGI降温作用主要依赖于遮荫、蒸散发与冷空气团平流三类机制;UGI植被物种构成与形态、UGI空间配置和外部环境是影响降温作用的三类主要因素;不同尺度降温作用的主控影响因素存在差异,随着尺度扩大UGI空间配置因素的重要性逐渐增加。最后,研究从时空尺度、降温机制、综合影响因素、生态系统服务视角等方面讨论了当前研究的局限和未来挑战,并强调了新型数据获取技术、组合降温策略以及城市尺度UGI系统降温作用等未来研究方向。

我国学前教育质量的政策变迁历程、演进逻辑与未来展望--基于教育可持续发展的视角

教育的可持续发展既是推进教育健康、稳步发展的一种理念,也是指向教育行动的具体路向。可持续发展视野下分析我国学前教育质量的政策变迁过程以及政策发展的演进逻辑,实质上是将可持续发展的理念放置到特定的历史时期,以可持续的“眼光”审视学前教育质量的政策演变历史。纵观我国学前教育质量的政策发展历程,主要经历了初建规模体系、规范管理体系、调整供给结构体系和全面构建公共服务体系四个典型阶段。借鉴历史制度主义的基本分析框架,我国学前教育质量的政策演进逻辑主要体现了“政策理念”“政策环境”与“政策行动”在不同政策背景下的存续与变迁。展望未来,可持续发展视野下我国学前教育质量的政策进路与超越,要在遵循幼儿身心发展规律的基础上,加强我国学前教育事业在发展度、协调度和持续度等方面的政策定位与政策构想。

城市客运自动驾驶商业化运营面临的挑战及对策建议

随着自动驾驶技术的不断成熟,自动驾驶正逐步从科研驱动创新向产业驱动应用发展,但城市客运自动驾驶商业化进展不及预期。为了找出其中存在的问题并提出解决之道,从而为推动我国城市客运自动驾驶的健康可持续发展提供理论参考,首先,梳理了国内外自动驾驶商业化运营的发展现状,总结了我国在政策法规、标准规范、示范应用等方面取得的成效与突破;其次,分析了自动驾驶在数字经济、汽车产业、行业转型、产业应用、技术创新等方面的发展形势;然后,剖析了我国城市客运自动驾驶商业化面临的主要问题与挑战,包括利益相关方认识不统一、部门间协同联动不足、安全风险不可控、配套保障体系缺失、可持续发展能力不足等;最后,从管理体制机制、核心技术攻关、关键政策法规、闭环商业模式、配套保障体系等方面提出了对策建议。