Internet based environmental monitoring information system and its application in Yili Prefecture

With the development of Internet technologies, Internet Based Information System (IBIS) arises with more advantages: Firstly, it is convenient for users to use owing to the introduction of Internet technologies. Secondly, it benefits greatly the data dissemination and data sharing based on Internet. The most important but not the last is that we can establish the information service network supported by its technologies and the facilities of information highway. So, it would be significant to design IBIS to realize the data collection, sharing and dissemination on Internet. There are many factors affecting regional environment. So it is not easy to realize the integrated environmental monitoring. Given this, we designed the Internet based environmental monitoring information system. By the virtue of the Internet based environmental monitoring information system, the management and storage of environmental monitoring data would be easier, which lays the foundation to actualize the environmental monitoring efficiently.

Self-Driving Algorithm and Location Estimation Method forSmall Environmental Monitoring Robot in Underground Mines

In underground mine environments where various hazards exist,such as tunnel collapse,toxic gases,the application of autonomous robots can improve the stability of exploration and efficiently perform repetitive exploratory operations.In this study,we developed a small autonomous driving robot for unmanned environmental monitoring in underground mines.The developed autonomous driving robot controls the steering according to the distance to the tunnel wall measured using the light detection and ranging sensor mounted on the robot to estimate its location by simultaneously considering the measured values of the inertial measurement unit and encoder sensors.In addition,the robot autonomously drives through the underground mine and performs environmental monitoring using the temperature/humidity,gas,and particle sensors mounted on the robot.As a result of testing the performance of the developed robot at an amethyst mine in Korea,the robot was found to be able to autonomously drive through tunnel sections with∼28 m length,∼2.5 m height,and∼3 m width successfully.The average error of location estimation was approximately 0.16 m.Using environmental monitoring sensors,temperature of 15–17◦C,humidity of 42%–43%,oxygen concentration of 15.6%–15.7%,and particle concentration of 0.008–0.38 mg/m3 were measured in the experimental area,and no harmful gases were detected.In addition,an environmental monitoring map could be created using the measured values of the robot’s location coordinates and environmental factors recorded during autonomous driving.

Monitoring System for Field Soil Water Content Based on the Wireless Sensor Network

[Objective] To water content monitoring study the application of wireless sensor network in field so and to discuss the methods for solving the problems of low sampling rate, high cost and poor real-time in actual monitoring. [Method] The architecture of wireless sensor network, network nodes, hardware design as well as principle for the program structure of software operating system and corresponding parameters were analyzed to illustrate the characteristics of monitoring system for field soil water content based on wireless sensor network, and the advantages in application of this system. [Result] Sensor nodes could correctly collect and transmit soil water content, realize stable data transmission of soil water content, indicating that wireless sensor network is suitable for real-time monitoring of field soil water content. [Conclusion] This study indicates that wireless sensor network possesses a widely application foreground in the development of agriculture.

Remote monitoring system for livestock environmental information based on LoRa wireless ad hoc network technology

The environmental quality of livestock houses is key to livestock breeding and directly affects the growth and health of animals.To target the characteristics of long application cycles and large coverage areas for environmental monitoring in large-scale livestock breeding,the current study designed a remote monitoring system to provide livestock environmental information based on LoRa wireless ad hoc network technology.The system consisted of collection terminals,control terminals,LoRa gateways,and Alibaba Elastic Compute Service.It realized real-time collection,wireless transmission,storage of multi-sensor node data,and remote control.The system was not limited by the selected time or region,because data interaction was achieved by accessing cloud servers using GPRS technology.Users could browse and obtain data from computers and a WeChat mini program from any location with network coverage.Additionally,the system used the improved receiver-based auto rate(RBAR)rate-adaptive algorithm in the LoRa wireless communication component.After application on a dairy farm,the results showed that the whole system collected 6140 sets of environmental data from four dairy houses.The packet loss rate was less than 1%within a communication distance of 604 m,and the communication success rate was greater than 99%.The control instructions were real-time and accurate,and the response time was less than 10 s,which met the remote control needs of large farms.The system provided powerful data and technical support for precision animal production.

Localized Coverage Connectivity Based on Shape and Area Using Mobile Sensor Robots in Wireless Sensor Networks

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is spatially distributing independent sensors to monitor physical and environmental characteristics such as temperature, sound, pressure and also provides different applications such as battlefield inspection and biological detection. The Constrained Motion and Sensor (CMS) Model represents the features and explain k-step reach ability testing to describe the states. The description and calculation based on CMS model does not solve the problem in mobile robots. The ADD framework based on monitoring radio measurements creates a threshold. But the methods are not effective in dynamic coverage of complex environment. In this paper, a Localized Coverage based on Shape and Area Detection (LCSAD) Framework is developed to increase the dynamic coverage using mobile robots. To facilitate the measurement in mobile robots, two algorithms are designed to identify the coverage area, (i.e.,) the area of a coverage hole or not. The two algorithms are Localized Geometric Voronoi Hexagon (LGVH) and Acquaintance Area Hexagon (AAH). LGVH senses all the shapes and it is simple to show all the boundary area nodes. AAH based algorithm simply takes directional information by locating the area of local and global convex points of coverage area. Both these algorithms are applied to WSN of random topologies. The simulation result shows that the proposed LCSAD framework attains minimal energy utilization, lesser waiting time, and also achieves higher scalability, throughput, delivery rate and 8% maximal coverage connectivity in sensor network compared to state-of-art works.

外挂墙板施工阶段碳排放的智能监测与优化

建筑行业的温室气体过量排放逐渐引起了人们的关注,且其施工阶段往往面临成本超标、工期延长和碳排放失控等问题,因此,建筑施工阶段碳排放的监测与多目标优化问题成为目前研究重点。为了有效解决上述问题,从物理层、计算层和交互层三部分提出了监测优化系统的框架;以Revit为二次开发平台、利用MySQL建立数据库,搭建了碳排放智能监测与优化平台;以外挂墙板构件施工过程为例,运用融入柔性理念的遗传算法寻找出使得“成本工期碳排放”综合目标最适合项目特征的工序执行模式组合及最优解。研究为装配式建筑施工阶段的碳排放监测与优化提供了一套科学、高效的集成化管理技术。

基于农业互联网平台的灌溉监测信息系统研究

为进一步提高我国农作物智能灌溉系统的作业效率,基于农业互联网平台,针对其灌溉监测信息处理环节展开研究。以大数据及SOA平台为核心架构,建立土壤环境参数与灌溉系统数据监测之间的内在关系,完成监测信息的布局设计与精准灌溉作业实现。进行系统在互联网平台下的灌溉试验验证,结果表明:基于农业互联网平台的灌溉监测信息系统改进后,各灌溉模块的功能运转效率得到显著提升,信息监测准确率与系统控制精准度分别提升至95.56%与94.51%,灌溉系统效率相对平台应用前提升了7.79%。所设计的联网平台架构下的灌溉系统整体改善效果明显,是我国向智慧农业方向迈进的重要基础,对于类似智能灌溉装备广泛推广有重要的参考价值。

社会环境监测机构发展现状、监管政策及对策建议

随着社会环境监测机构的数量与日俱增,其工作质量的良莠不齐造成了环境监测数据质量下降,也给相关的监督管理工作带来了巨大挑战。总结了社会环境监测机构的发展现状及存在问题,综述了各省(区、市)针对社会环境监测机构的主要监管政策与措施,提出了完善监管体系与强化监管手段,促进行业高质量发展,高度重视人才培养,推动质控新技术应用,探索第三方监理制度,推广统一监控样品应用等建议,以进一步加强社会环境监测机构监管。

多场所实验室环境监测质量管理体系的构建与实践

在事业单位机构改革过程中,部分事业单位的法人资格被重组到上一级机构,而不再具有独立法人资格,其原有的CMA检验检测资质不复存在。撤并以后的环境监测机构各项业务如何融合开展,资质认定如何管理,多个实验室场所质量管理体系如何构建,是当前一些检验检测机构亟待解决的普遍性问题。为此,该研究在优化多场所实验室质量管理体系,制定科学、合理、全面、具备开放性和可拓展的多场所实验室质量管理体系文件方面进行了积极探索。以江西省生态环境监测中心“1+11”多场所实验室质量管理为例,结合江西省环境监测机构改革现状,兼顾资质认定有关法律法规要求,就环境监测多场所实验室提出了一套系统性的质量管理体系构建模式,希望为多场所检验检测机构的质量管理提供借鉴。

基于信息融合的燃气环境监测技术研究

针对传统燃气安全监测方法只针对于单一环境变量,并不能准确监测环境信息的问题,采用多传感器信息融合算法对燃气环境安全进行监测。首先使用滑动均值滤波算法消除监测数据中出现的异常数据与噪声;其次使用卡尔曼滤波算法对同质传感器数据进行数据级融合;最后,采用基于遗传算法优化BP神经网络对数据进行决策级融合。实验结果表明,相对于传统单一监测方法,基于多传感器信息融合的燃气环境监测系统准确率高,可靠性好,在燃气安全方面具有良好的应用场景。

环境监测与环境风险评估在环境保护中的应用与挑战

随着信息技术的飞速发展,环境监测与风险评估方法得到了显著改进,为环境保护提供了新的工具和视角。然而,现实中仍面临数据准确性、公众参与度不足等问题。基于此,文章深入分析环境监测与环境风险评估在环境保护中的应用,并提出相应的对策与建议,旨在提高监测与评估的效率和准确度,加强公众参与,以期为环境政策的制定和实施提供更加科学、有效的支持。

信息化背景下的环境应急监测技术研究

本文主要围绕信息化背景下的环境应急监测技术进行研究。首先,阐述了信息化背景下环境应急监测技术的重要性。其次,介绍了信息化背景下环境应急监测的技术原则。最后,深入探讨了信息化背景下的环境应急监测技术要点,包括地理信息技术、油污监测技术、通信技术、数据库和注意事项等技术要点。这些技术的综合应用有助于更好地保护自然环境和人类健康,提高环境管理的效力。

环保中介机构提供虚假证明文件罪的规范构造与司法适用

为厘清环保中介机构提供虚假证明文件罪的犯罪构成,避免刑法的不当适用,通过案例研究和规范分析发现:将环保中介机构提供虚假证明文件罪置于“扰乱市场经济秩序罪”中予以规范的立法模式,模糊了法益保护重点;司法适用“环境监测”“环境影响评价”概念不准确,不当扩大了犯罪主体范围;将大量环境行政违法行为予以犯罪化处置,明显违反了刑法谦抑原则。建议修改司法解释以明确刑法中“环境监测”“环境影响评价”的概念;调整提供虚假证明文件罪的立法模式以彰显生态法益的刑法保护力度;将提供虚假证明文件行为的行政处罚前置以限定刑法调控范围。

信息化在机电制造企业安全环保管理中的应用探讨

针对目前机电制造企业安全环保管理方式相对滞后单一,过于依赖人工化、零散化、纸质化等问题,探讨借助信息化手段,通过构建安全环保管理信息化平台、智能监控识别预警、在线远程数据监控等系统,以提升安全环保管理高效标准、监测监控、预测预警、综合协调等能力,对提升机电制造企业安全环保管理具有重要意义。

地铁分布式环控配电方案探讨

针对传统地铁车站环控柜集中配电方案不能满足现行按防火分区末端切换的问题,本文提出了基于配电小间和基于环控柜就地两种分布式设置方案,并对具体措施和问题进行分析探讨。针对分布式设置方案难以集中管理的情况,本文进一步研究了分布式在线监控系统方案,从传感器设置、功能设置、监控预警方面进行研究,实现了系统的集成化管理监控功能。

桂林市禽流感外环境监测数据的时空特征分析

目的了解桂林市禽流感外环境病毒污染情况,为禽流感疫情防控和预警提供参考数据。方法收集、汇总桂林市2010—2020年禽流感外环境监测数据,对不同年份、不同季节的外环境病毒阳性样本数进行趋势卡方检验;结合环境数据,对阳性检出数与人口密度进行线性相关分析和非线性相关分析;应用方向分布、趋势、空间自相关、高/低聚类(General G)和热点分析等方法分析空间分布。结果2010—2020年桂林市禽流感外环境病毒阳性检出数552例,阳性率为35.5%。阳性检出率秋冬季较高,中部比周边高,且与人口密度呈线性正相关;空间方向分布不明显,大致呈现“东北-西南”的分布模式;阳性标本分布存在高值聚集趋势,以叠彩区、七星区、秀峰区、象山区为“热点区域”。结论2010—2020年桂林市禽流感外环境病毒阳性检出情况在时间上与季节有关,空间上呈中部聚集趋势,且与人口密度呈线性正相关。

Multimodal fiber antenna for proximity and stress sensing

Fiber sensors are commonly used to detect environmental,physiological,optical,chemical,and biological factors.Thermally drawn fibers offer numerous advantages over other commercial products,including enhanced sensitivity,accuracy,improved functionality,and ease of manufacturing.Multimaterial,multifunctional fibers encapsulate essential internal structures within a microscale fiber,unlike macroscale sensors requiring separate electronic components.The compact size of fiber sensors enables seamless integration into existing systems,providing the desired functionality.We present a multimodal fiber antenna monitoring,in real time,both the local deformation of the fiber and environmental changes caused by foreign objects in proximity to the fiber.Time domain reflectometry propagates an electromagnetic wave through the fiber,allowing precise determination of spatial changes along the fiber with exceptional resolution and sensitivity.Local changes in impedance reflect fiber deformation,whereas proximity is detected through alterations in the evanescent field surrounding the fiber.The fiber antenna operates as a waveguide to detect local deformation through the antisymmetric mode and environmental changes through the symmetric mode.This multifunctionality broadens its application areas from biomedical engineering to cyber-physical interfacing.In antisymmetric mode,the device can sense local changes in pressure,and,potentially,temperature,pH,and other physiological conditions.In symmetric mode,it can be used in touch screens,environmental detection for security,cyber-physical interfacing,and human-robot interactions.

ICU信息化平台支持下基于FMEA护理管理预防CLABSI的实证研究

目的:探讨重症监护室(ICU)信息化平台支持下基于失效模式与效应分析(FMEA)护理管理预防中心静脉导管相关血流感染(CLABSI)的效果。方法:回顾性选取2020年7月1日—2021年6月1日我院急诊重症监护室(EICU)住院的219例行中心静脉置管(CVC)的病人为对照组,采用常规护理管理,选取2021年7月1日—2022年6月1日我院EICU住院的209例行CVC的病人为观察组,采用ICU信息化平台下基于FMEA护理管理,观察两组护士CVC知识掌握情况、CVC相关情况以及环境、物体表面样本监测合格率。结果:观察组护士知识、行为评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组置管使用总日数少于对照组,CLABSI发生率低于对照组,CLABSI发生次数少于对照组(P<0.05),两组导管留置时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组环境、物体表面样本监测合格率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:ICU信息化平台支持下实施基于FMEA护理管理效果明显,其用于CVC管理中可提高护士CVC相关知识掌握情况,提高环境、物体表面样本监测合格率,有效预防病人CLABSI的发生。

环境保护领域中信息数字化分析技术的应用研究

伴随着信息技术的高速发展,信息数字化分析技术在环保领域的应用越来越广泛。本文首先归纳了信息数字化分析技术的概念、发展历程、主要技术特点和优势,然后对该技术在环保监测和数据分析、污染物识别与控制、绿色生态环境保护和资源利用等方面的应用进行了分析,最后总结了信息数字化分析技术在提高自然环境管理效益、完成精确管理决策、科学合理整治、推动环境保护透明化与公众监督等方面的优势。本文致力于推动信息数字化分析技术在环境保护行业的进一步应用,以期为其他同行提供参考。

大气污染环境监测技术及治理方法研究

大气污染环境监测技术及治理方法包括固体颗粒物、二氧化硫、氮氧化物的监测技术,以及立体和遥感监测技术。本文分析了环境监测治理技术的发展与创新,强调了信息化技术在环境监测治理中的应用,探讨了大气污染问题的主要监测与治理方法,包括新能源的应用和推广,以及从源头控制和减少污染物排放的策略。