Determination of Water Diffusion Coefficients and Dynamics in Adhesive/Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composite Joints

To determinate the water diffusion coefficients and dynamics in adhesive/carben fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite joints, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis（EDX） is used to establish the content change of oxy- gen in the adhesive in adhesive/carbon fther reinforced epoxy resin composite joints. As water is made up of oxygen and hydrogen, the water diffusion coefficients and dynamics in adhesive/carben fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite joints can be obtained from the change in the content of oxygen in the adhesive during humidity aging, via EDX analy-sis. The authors have calculated the water diffusion coefficients and dynamics in the adhesive/carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite joints with the aid of beth energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The de- termined results with EDX analysis are almost the same as those determined with elemental analysis and the results al- so show that the durability of the adhesive/carbon fther reinforced epoxy resin composite joints subjected to silane cou- pling agent treatment is better than those subjected to sand paper burnishing treatment and chemical oxidation treat- ment.

Durability Testing of Composite Aerospace Materials Based on a New Polymer Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resin

In this study,the durability of a new polymer carbonfiber-reinforced epoxy resin used to produce composite material in the aerospacefield is investigated through analysis of the corrosion phenomena occurring at the microscopic scale,and the related infrared spectra and thermal properties.It is found that light and heat can con-tribute to the aging process.In particular,the longitudinal tensile strength displays a non-monotonic trend,i.e.,itfirst increases and then decreases over time.By contrast,the longitudinal compressive and inter-laminar shear strengths do not show significant changes.It is also shown that the inter-laminar shear strength of carbonfiber/epoxy resin composites with inter-laminar hybrid structure is better than that of pure carbonfiber materials.The related resistance to corrosion can be improved by more than 41%.

Synthesis, Characterization and Flame-retardant Properties of Epoxy Resins and AACHH Composites

Flame retardant epoxy resins were prepared by a simple mixed method using ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxy hydrate （AACHH） as a halogen-free flame retardant. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscope and limiting oxygen index（LOI） experiments. Effects of AACHH content on LOI of epoxy resins/AACHH composite and flame retardant mechanism were investigated and discussed. Results show that AACHH exhibites excellent flame-retardant properties in epoxy resin（EP）. When the content of AACHH was 47.4%, the LOI of EP reached 32.2%. Moreover, the initial and terminal decomposition temperature of EP increased by 48 ℃ and 40 ℃, respectively. The flame retarded mechanism of AACHH is due to the synergic flame retardant effects of diluting, cooling, decomposition resisting and obstructing.

Carbon Fibers Decorated by Polyelectrolyte Complexes toward Their Epoxy Resin Composites with High Fire Safety

The achievement of both robust fire-safety and mechanical properties is of vital requirement for carbon fiber （CF） composites. To this end, a facile interracial strategy for fabricating flame-retardant carbon fibers decorated by bio-based polyelectrolyte complexes （PEC） consisting of chitosan （CH） and ammonium polyphosphate （APP） was developed, and its corresponding fire-retarded epoxy resin composites （EP/（PEC@CF）） without any other additional flame retardants were prepared. The decorated CFs were characterized by SEM- EDX, XPS and XRD, indicating that the flame-retardant PEC coating was successfully constructed on the surface of CF. Thanks to the nitrogen- and phosphorous-containing PEC, the resulting composites exhibited excellent flame retardancy as the limiting oxygen index （LOI） increased from 31.0% of EP/CF to 40.5% and UL-94 V-0 rating was achieved with only 8.1 wt% PEC. EP/（PEC8.1@CF） also performed well in cone calorimetry with the decrease of peak-heat release rate （PHRR） and smoke production rate （SPR） by 50.0% and 30.4%, respectively, and the value of fire growth rate （FIGRA） was also reduced to 3.41 kW·m-2- s-1 from 4.84 kW· m-2· s-1, suggesting a considerably enhanced fire safety. Furthermore, SEM images of the burning residues revealed that the PEC coating exhibited the dominant flame-retardant activity in condensed phase via the formation of compact phosphorus-rich char. In addition, the impact strength of the composite was improved, together with no obvious deterioration of flexural properties and glass transition temperature. Taking advantage of the features, the PEC-decorated carbon fibers and the relevant composites fabricated by the cost-effective and facile strategy would bring more chances for widespread applications.

Preparation of Three-Dimensional Carbon Network Reinforced Epoxy Composites and Their Thermal Conductivity

As a thermosetting resin with excellent properties,epoxy resin is used in many areas such as electronics,transportation,aerospace,and other fields.However,its relatively low thermal conductivity limits its wide application in more demanding fields.Here,a three-dimensional carbon(3DC)network was prepared through NaCl template-assisted in situ chemical vapor deposition(CVD)and used to reinforce epoxy resin for enhancing its thermal conductivity.The 3DC was prepared with a molar ratio of sodium atom to carbon atom of 100:20,and argon atmosphere in CVD led to an optimal improvement in the thermal conductivity of epoxy resin.The thermal conductivity of epoxy resin increased by 18%when the filling content was 3 wt.%of 3DC network because of the high contact area,uniform dispersion,and enhanced formation of conductive paths with epoxy resin.As the amount of 3DC addition increases,the thermal conductivity of composites also increases.As an innovative exploration,the work presented in this paper is of great significance for the thermal conductivity application of epoxy resin in the future.

Recyclable High-performance Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites Based on Dithioacetal Covalent Adaptive Network

Recycling of carbon fiber reinforced composites is important for sustainable development and the circular economy.Despite the use of dynamic chemistry,developing high-strength recyclable CFRPs remains a major challenge due to the mutual exclusivity between the dynamic and mechanical properties of materials.Here,we developed a high-strength recyclable epoxy resin(HREP)based on dynamic dithioacetal covalent adaptive network using diglycidyl ether bisphenol A(DGEBA),pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercapto-propionate)(PETMP),and vanillin epoxy resin(VEPR).At high temperatures,the exchange reaction of thermally activated dithioacetals accelerated the rearrangement of the network,giving it significant reprocessing ability.Moreover,HREP exhibited excellent solvent resistance due to the increased cross-linking density.Using this high-strength recyclable epoxy resin as the matrix and carbon fiber modified with hyperbranched ionic liquids(HBP-AMIM+PF6-)as the reinforcing agent,high performance CFRPs were successfully prepared.The tensile strength,interfacial shear strength(IFSS)and interlaminar shear strength(ILSS)of the optimized formulation(HREP20/CF-HBPPF6)were 1016.1,70.8 and 76.0 MPa,respectively.In addition,the CFRPs demonstrated excellent solvent and acid/alkali-resistance.The CFRPs could completely degrade within 24 h in DMSO at 140℃,and the recycled CF still maintained the same tensile strength and ILSS as the original after multiple degradation cycles.

铁粉/碳纤维增强树脂复合材料的制备 及脆化损伤研究

将偶联剂改性纳米铁(Fe)粉与预处理后的碳纤维混合,浸润于环氧树脂基料中,经过搅拌混合制备纳米Fe粉/碳纤维增强树脂复合材料,研究了复合材料在高温老化、水浸老化环境下的脆化损伤行为。结果表明:树脂受到高温老化和水浸泡老化后会出现脆化损伤,碳纤维和纳米Fe粉加入会对该损伤有一定抑制;加入质量分数为4.0%的纳米Fe粉后,随着高温老化时间延长,碳纤维质量分数为3.0%的纳米Fe粉/碳纤维增强复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂韧性下降幅度较小,同时脆化损伤后树脂与纳米Fe粉、碳纤维仍结合紧密;碳纤维质量分数为3.0%、纳米Fe粉质量分数为4.0%的纳米Fe粉/碳纤维增强复合材料经水浸老化后,断裂韧性仍旧保持较高水平。

生物基可降解环氧树脂及其可回收碳纤维复合材料的研究进展

环氧树脂是目前应用最为广泛的热固性树脂之一,其固化后会形成不溶、不熔的高度交联的三维网络结构,从而导致树脂及其碳纤维复合材料的降解困难而且难以再加工,造成了严重的资源浪费与环境污染。采用可再生生物质原料制备生物基可降解环氧树脂及其碳纤维复合材料,在缓解能源危机、减轻环境污染和实现资源再利用上具有重要意义。综述了生物基可降解环氧树脂及其可回收碳纤维复合材料的研究进展,主要包括含有热或化学不稳定键的可降解环氧树脂的合成、性能、降解机理及其碳纤维的无损回收,并总结了其优缺点。

Ⅳ型储氢气瓶承载层CFRP基体优选与性能研究

以SW树脂及HY4006树脂为基体树脂,以12K T700碳纤维(HY-1、HY-2、HY-3)为纤维增强体,制备Ⅳ型储氢气瓶承载层用碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP),从固化特性、耐热性能、流变性能和树脂浇注体的力学性能等方面筛选适合的树脂基体,通过树脂对纤维的浸润性及CFRP的力学性能、微观形貌、孔隙率等筛选出最优的CFRP体系。结果表明:SW树脂的固化温度为109~142℃,固化速率快,固化时间短,黏度增长较慢,而且其浇注体力学性能好,比HY4006树脂更适合于Ⅳ型储氢气瓶的缠绕工艺;SW树脂对HY-2碳纤维的浸润性更好,起始接触角为80.06°,浸润时间仅2.5 s;由SW树脂与HY-2碳纤维制备的CFRP拉伸强度为2650 MPa,剪切强度为64.63 MPa,密度为1.67 g/cm 3,纤维体积分数为63.61%,该CFRP界面结合好,孔隙率低,力学性能优异,是Ⅳ型储氢气瓶缠绕层的理想材料。

盐环境对含孔损伤碳纤维复合材料的性能影响

研究了含孔损伤T700碳纤维/环氧树脂基复合材料在不同浓度、时间和温度的盐溶液环境老化后的性能变化并分析其破坏机理。对其进行盐溶液水浸老化吸湿试验后,分析其质量变化、老化前后SEM微观形貌、玻璃化转变温度、红外光谱分析和开孔拉伸性能。结果表明,盐溶液的浓度对材料性能影响较小,而盐溶液老化的时间和温度对其影响明显,随温度和时间的增加吸湿速率越快,玻璃化转变温度下降幅度越大,试样形貌损伤破坏越严重,纤维与基体界面发生破坏,开孔拉伸强度明显下降。

双氢氧化物/官能化碳纳米管复合协效阻燃剂设计及应用

环氧树脂(EPs)广泛应用于飞机结构部件中,为其开发高性能阻燃剂对提高飞机防火安全性具有重要现实意义。本研究通过一锅法在交织的官能化碳纳米管(F-CNTs)骨架上生长镁铝双金属氢氧化物(MgAl-LDH)纳米片,构建得到二者的复合结构MgAl-LDH/F-CNTs。以MgAl-LDH/F-CNTs复合结构作为力学支撑,进一步负载CuMoO4纳米颗粒,最终得到适用于环氧树脂的MgAl-LDH/F-CNTs-CuMoO4协效阻燃剂。其中,MgAl-LDH/F-CNTs复合结构可助于实现各阻燃组分在环氧树脂聚合物基材中的均匀分散,相较于未经阻燃处理的环氧树脂材料,阻燃环氧树脂在燃烧测试中其峰值热释放速率可降低40.5%,总热释放量可降低7.49%,CO生成量和总烟气释放量可显著降低43.0%和26.3%,极限氧指数LOI提升38.2%,可见经阻燃处理后的EP复合材料阻燃性能显著提升。此外,经阻燃处理后环氧树脂拉伸、弯曲强度仅下降7.1%和22.4%,表明CNTs的添加以及MgAl-LDH/F-CNTs复合结构的构建能够有效补偿LDH添加对EP力学性能的影响。

一种生物基上浆剂的制备及应用

以可再生天然生物质厚朴酚、衣康酸为原料,通过简单、高效的两步法合成生物基环氧上浆剂,并对碳纤维复合材料的耐热性能、界面性能和力学性能进行研究。实验结果表明,生物基环氧上浆剂具有良好储存稳定性和热稳定性好,碳纤维复合材料的三点弯曲和层间剪切分别提高了33.2%和36.2%。

碳纳米管对环氧树脂力学性能的影响

用浇铸成型法制备了碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料,研究了其力学性能,并探讨了该材料的微观结构与性能之间的关系.结果表明,碳纳米管对环氧树脂具有明显增强增韧作用.在碳纳米管加入量为3.0%(质量分数)时,复合材料的综合性能较好,拉伸强度、拉伸模量及断裂伸长率较纯树脂分别提高了90%～100%、60%～70%、150%～200%.

KH550修饰碳纳米管增韧环氧树脂的研究

利用偶联剂KH550对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行化学修饰,并制备了MWCNTs/环氧树脂纳米复合材料。研究了不同含量的MWCNTs对纳米复合材料力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,MWCNTs表面成功接枝上了一定量的KH550,将其加入环氧树脂基体可大幅提高复合材料的力学性能。当添加量达到0.5%时,复合材料的力学性能最好,冲击韧度和弯曲强度较纯环氧树脂分别提高了85.3%和21.6%。扫描电镜结果显示,复合材料由脆性断裂转变为韧性断裂。

碳纤维复合材料发动机壳体用韧性环氧树脂基体的研究

在综合考虑粘度 -力学性能 -耐热性能的基础上 ,开发了一种适用于碳纤维复合材料固体火箭发动机壳体湿法缠绕成型的韧性环氧树脂基体。用 DSC,FT- IR等分析手段对该树脂基体的固化反应动力学参数、树脂基体固化物性能和复合材料性能进行了系统研究。结果表明 ,该树脂基体粘度小、适用期长、韧性高 ,与碳纤维界面粘接好 。

紫外老化对碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料性能的影响

采用拉挤成型工艺制备碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料,并对其进行人工加速紫外老化实验,对不同老化时间的试样进行弯曲强度测试、冲击强度测试、动态热机械分析(DMA)。结果表明,紫外老化仅影响到受紫外辐射的碳纤维环氧复合材料最外层,使对外层性能敏感的力学性能下降;紫外老化使复合材料玻璃化转变温度(Tg)提高,老化前期提高幅度相对较大,后期变化不明显;随着老化时间的增加,受到紫外辐射的最外层碳纤维/环氧树脂界面受到一定程度削弱。

高性能T800碳纤维复合材料树脂基体

在分析T800碳纤维表面上胶剂的基础上,系统研究了适用于制备高性能T800碳纤维复合材料的树脂基体,测试了树脂浇注体及其复合材料的力学性能和热机械性能,研究了树脂基体对T800碳纤维复合材料界面性能的影响。结果表明,T800碳纤维表面上胶剂中酯基含量较高,与缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂有良好的界面相容性,经复配和优化的树脂体系其T800碳纤维复合材料的层间剪切强度达到138 MPa,NOL环拉伸强度达到2530MPa,玻璃化温度(Tg)达到213℃,具有优异的界面性能和耐热性能。

湿热老化对碳纤维/环氧树脂基复合材料力学性能影响研究

研究了3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液和去离子水两种介质分别在30℃和80℃两个温度下溶液浸泡对碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料力学性能的影响。研究发现:浸泡使复合材料的力学性能下降,80℃下浸泡使复合材料力学性能下降更显著;低温下介质组分对复合材料的影响不是很明显,80℃下去离水中浸泡对复合材料的静态力学性能破坏更显著。

环氧树脂/碳纤维复合材料的成型工艺与应用

介绍了环氧树脂(EP)/碳纤维(CF)复合材料的特点及其应用;总结了EP/CF复合材料的成型工艺及每种成型工艺的优缺点。指出随着CF制备技术、表面处理技术,以及EP制备技术和固化工艺的发展,采用环保、简便、快捷且价廉的成型工艺生产性价比更高的EP/CF制品是EP/CF复合材料的发展方向。

碳纳米管增强环氧树脂基复合材料的制备及其力学性能

通过对多壁碳纳米管进行表面处理,用超声分散和模具浇注成型法制备了碳纳米管/环氧树脂纳米复合材料。研究了碳纳米管含量和表面处理对碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料力学性能和断面形貌的影响,分析了碳纳米管对环氧树脂的增强机理。结果表明,随着碳纳米管含量的增加,碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度及模量先增加后减小;当碳纳米管的质量分数为0.5%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别达到最大值69.8MPa、136.9MPa和3.72 GPa,比纯环氧树脂提高了33.9%、29.3%和4.8%;当碳纳米管的质量分数为1.5%时,拉伸模量达到最大值2050.5MPa,比纯环氧树脂提高了7.3%。