LOW COMPLEXITY LMMSE TURBO EQUALIZATION FOR COMBINED ERROR CONTROL CODED AND LINEARLY PRECODED OFDM

The turbo equalization approach is studied for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system with combined error control coding and linear precoding. While previous literatures employed linear precoder of small size for complexity reasons, this paper proposes to use a linear precoder of size larger than or equal to the maximum length of the equivalent discrete-time channel in order to achieve full frequency diversity and reduce complexities of the error control coder/decoder. Also a low complexity Linear Minimum Mean Square Error (LMMSE) turbo equalizer is derived for the receiver. Through simulation and performance analysis, it is shown that the performance of the proposed scheme over frequency selective fading channel reaches the matched filter bound; compared with the same coded OFDM without linear precoding, the proposed scheme shows an Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) improvement of at least 6dB at a bit error rate of 10-6 over a multipath channel with exponential power delay profile. Convergence behavior of the proposed scheme with turbo equalization using various type of linear precoder/transformer, various inter-leaver size and error control coder of various constraint length is also investigated.

ANALYSIS OF TOOTH FORM ERROR OF EQUAL BASE CIRCLE BEVEL GEAR

The basic principle of equal base circle bevel gear (EBCBG) is illustrated simply Thetooth surface equation of EBCBG manufactured by end milling cutter with involute profile is de-rived. The tooth form error is analyzed on the basis of spherical involute

相位噪声对 16QAM 通信系统性能影响及其均衡算法研究

在分析相位噪声对16QAM通信性能影响的基础上,提出了一种基于误差判决的多模均衡算法(Multiple Modulus Algorithm Based on Error Judgment,MMA-EJ),该算法不仅利用信号的相位信息消除了卫星通信中载波频偏引入的相位失真,还考虑了多电平幅度调制中不同半径星座点引入的幅度误差影响,因此相对于恒模算法(Constant Modulus Algorithm,CMA)来说,提高了均衡算法的精度。仿真结果表明,与传统的恒模均衡算法相比,提出的基于误差判决的MMA算法不仅可以消除高速信号传输时的码间串扰(Inter Symbol Interference,ISI),还可以消除传输系统中的相位噪声,提高16QAM通信系统的传输性能。

模分复用系统中盲均衡算法的均衡性能研究

恒模算法(CMA)是一种广泛应用于模分复用系统的算法,可对系统中模式耦合、差分模式群时延和色散等损伤因素进行均衡补偿,进而得到理想信号。为了研究CMA算法在强耦合模分复用系统中的均衡性能,采用功率耦合理论搭建6×6模分复用系统模型,并在接收端使用CMA和修正的恒定模数算法(MCMA)对系统输出信号进行均衡,获得了星座图、均方根误差(RMSE)值和误比特率(BER)。结果表明,在星座图方面,MCMA可以减少散点,使星座点更紧凑;在RMSE方面,MCMA均衡后的信号的RMSE值小于CMA均衡后得到的RMSE值,说明MCMA均衡后的数据离散程度较低;在BER方面,当BER为10-3时,MCMA要求的光信噪比比CMA低1.0 dB,因此,MCMA的均衡效果优于CMA。该研究结果为强耦合模分复用系统中的均衡算法提供了一些参考。

变步长CMA和DD-LMS双模式切换盲均衡算法

针对经典盲均衡算法收敛速度较慢和稳态误差较大的问题,提出了一种基于变步长恒模算法(Constant Modulus Algorithm, CMA)和判决引导的最小均方(Decision Directed Least Mean Square, DD-LMS)算法的双模式切换盲均衡算法。在算法收敛初期采用CMA算法,以确保算法可以较快收敛。在收敛之后切换至DD-LMS算法,以进一步降低稳态误差。通过设定阈值来切换算法,取相邻多次迭代误差的平均值作为算法的切换值,以确保算法切换时机的合理性。另外,引入Softsign变步长函数并加入3个参数对该函数进行改进,使得Softsign变步长函数可以依据不同信道环境设定最佳参数,同时提高算法的收敛速度。仿真结果表明,在卫星通用信道条件下,所提算法的收敛迭代次数约为1 000次,稳态误差为-12 dB,在信噪比为15 dB时,误码率为1×10~(-6)。与相关算法对比,所提算法的收敛速度较高,误码率和稳态误差较低。

基于自适应直方图均衡化的医学图像可逆对比度增强算法

目前,一些可逆数据隐藏算法通常是对图像进行类似直方图均衡化的信息嵌入操作来实现对比度增强。这类方法虽然简单有效,但是缺乏明确的目标函数来指引参数选择,难以优化对比度增强效果,因而容易产生增强不足或过度增强等问题。为了优化可逆信息嵌入后的对比度增强效果,提出了一种基于自适应直方图均衡化并结合对比度增强的医学图像可逆数据隐藏算法。该方法基于预测误差扩展技术来实现可逆数据嵌入,并通过所定义的自适应直方图均衡化目标函数来优化预测残差直方图的修改,确定最优的数据嵌入点,在确保对比度增强的前提下实现低失真的可逆嵌入。实验结果表明,相比同类算法,所提方法在实现可逆嵌入的同时,能够进一步增强图像对比度,辅助提升医学图像中的目标识别效率。

多径信道下基于恒模算法的遥测信号盲均衡

运载火箭在塔架静态测试时易受多径衰落影响,导致遥测信号产生码间干扰。本文对PCM-FM体制遥测信号的多径信道使用恒模算法(CMA)进行盲均衡研究,针对遥测信道中的码间干扰展开理论分析和Matlab仿真,并搭建盲均衡功能测试平台开展实验验证。结果表明:CMA收敛速度高、误码率低,对多径干扰具有较好的鲁棒性和实用性。

随机相位对分布式无人机群传输性能的影响

随着无线通信的快速发展,分布式无人机群引发了国内外学者的广泛关注。针对一个分布式无人机群通信系统,分析无人机位置偏移产生的相位误差对系统传输性能的影响。首先,在假设无人机群存在随机相位误差的情况下,考虑目的节点采用等增益合并技术接收来自各个无人机的信号以使系统获得最优的性能。接着,假设无人机通信链路的小尺度衰落服从Nakagami-m分布,推导出系统的中断概率和遍历容量的闭合表达式。最后,利用计算机仿真验证理论分析的正确性,并定量分析无人机数、随机相位误差等关键参数对系统性能的影响,为实际分布式无人机群通信提供参考。

Effect of DFE error propagation and its mitigation using MUX-based FEC interleaving for 400 GbE electrical link

This paper evaluates the effect of decision feedback equalizer( DFE) error propagation for400 Gb/s Ethernet( 400 GbE) electrical link in order to propose some effective methods to improve bit error rate( BER). First,an analytical model for DFE burst error length distribution is proposed and simulated based on a NRZ electrical link in which a 5-tap DFE combined with a multiple-tap feed forward equalizer( FFE) is included. Then,a detailed derivation for BER considering DFE error propagation is given based on the distribution of burst error run length and the BER performance with and without forward error correction( FEC) is simulated too. After that,this paper investigates several MUX-based FEC interleaving methods including their complexity and latency in order to improve BER further. At last,three FEC interleaving schemes are compared not only in interleaving gain,but also in hardware complexities and latencies. Simulation results show that pre-interleave bit muxing can obtain good tradeoff between BER and complexity for 400 Gb E electrical link.

Determining the Optimal Decision Delay Parameter for a Linear Equalizer

The achievable bit error rate of a linear equalizer is crucially determined by the choice of a decision delay parameter. This brief paper presents a simple method for the efficient determination of the optimal decision delay parameter that results in the best bit error rate performance for a linear equalizer. Keywords Linear equalizer - decision delay - bit error rate Eng Siong Chng received his university education at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland (BEng 1991, PhD 1995). After his PhD, he spent 6 months in Japan, working as a researcher for Riken. After working in industry in Singapore for 7 years, he joined the School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University in 2003. His research interests are in digital signal processing for communication applications, speech and handwriting recognition and noise reduction.Sheng Chen obtained a BEng degree in control engineering from the East China Petroleum Institute, Dongying, China, in 1982, and a PhD degree in control engineering from the City University at London in 1986. He joined the School of Electronics and Computer Science at the University of Southampton in September 1999. He previously held research and academic appointments at the Universities of Sheffield, Edinburgh and Portsmouth. Dr Chen is a Senior Member of the IEEE in the USA. His recent research works include adaptive nonlinear signal processing, modeling and identification of nonlinear systems, neural networks and machine learning, finite-precision digital controller design, evolutionary computation methods and optimization. He has published over 200 research papers. In the database of the world’s most highly cited researchers in various disciplines, compiled by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) of the USA, Dr Chen is on the list of highly cited researchers in the category that covers all branches of engineering subject, see www.ISIHighlyCited.com.

Enhancement in Channel Equalization Using Particle Swarm Optimization Techniques

This work proposes an improved inertia weight update method and position update method in Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to enhance the convergence and mean square error of channel equalizer. The search abilities of PSO are managed by the key parameter Inertia Weight (IW). A higher value leads to global search whereas a smaller value shifts the search to local which makes convergence faster. Different approaches are reported in literature to improve PSO by modifying inertia weight. This work investigates the performance of the existing PSO variants related to time varying inertia weight methods and proposes new strategies to improve the convergence and mean square error of channel equalizer. Also the position update method in PSO is modified to achieve better convergence in channel equalization. The simulation presents the enhanced performance of the proposed techniques in transversal and decision feedback models. The simulation results also analyze the superiority in linear and nonlinear channel conditions.

MIMO-DFE BASED SPACE-TIME RECEIVER OVER FREQUENCY SELECTIVE CHANNELS WITH LIMITED ERROR PROPAGATION

MIMO-DFE(Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output Decision Feedback Equalizer) based receiver architectures are researched recently to detect signals in BLAST(Bell laboratories LAyered Space-Time) over frequency-selective channels. Due to their recursive structure, these receivers may suffer from error propagation which results in an overall mean square error degradation. An MIMO-DFE based BLAST receiver with limited error propagation to combat frequencyselective channel is proposed, which employs both norm constraint on feedback filter taps and soft decision device. Simulation results show that the proposed receiver outperforms conventional ones in various frequency selective channels.

基于SRDenseNet的指纹超分辨率重建研究

指纹识别是一种常用的生物特征识别技术,图像质量对指纹识别效果有着重要的影响。针对现有指纹图像质量低导致识别准确率差的问题,提出一种基于SRDenseNet的指纹超分辨率重建算法。该方法使用深度卷积神经网络为基本结构,加入了Dense块和Dense跳连接以充分利用多层次的特征信息,提出将全局均方差和平均局部结构相似度引入损失函数,有效提升深度卷积神经网络对指纹图像的分辨率提高与全局结构和局部细节重建的能力。在FVC数据集上进行测试和验证,将该方法与现有其他方法进行比较。结果表明,2、3、4倍率的超分辨率指纹图像的匹配等错误率分别从原来的5.456%、8.730%和16.091%下降至4.762%、7.500%和12.540%,实验证明了该方法的有效性。

基于原始波残差网络的语音欺骗检测

针对传统检测方法在不同情境下仅提取语音单一特征可能会导致丢失语音中的重要信息的问题,提出一种基于原始波残差网络的语音欺骗检测方法。取代单一语音特征,直接在语音原始波形中提取帧级特征作为输入;基于参数化Sinc函数重点学习低频和高频截止频率,减少原始波建模参数数量;搭建残差网络模型作为后端分类器,改进激活函数并增加跳转连接模块以获得更好的泛化性能。实验数据集采用ASVspoof2019大赛官方数据集,实验结果表明,在逻辑攻击场景及物理攻击场景中,提出模型均相对基线系统具有更低的等错误率。

一种并行双模式盲均衡算法的研究与实现

本文提出了一种将SMMA算法与DD算法并行运行的变步长双模式盲均衡算法。该算法在保持原来两种算法高性能的基础上,改进传统的DD算法,将两种算法采用并行结构运行,同时加入误差控制函数,控制SMMA算法占比,降低稳态误差;并且引入变步长方法,加快算法的收敛速度。经过理论分析与仿真实验表明,该算法相对于传统方法,ISI降低到-29.8 dB,收敛速度提高,在630个符号左右算法完成收敛。在完成仿真实验后,进行了实测信号的解调均衡,其EVM降低到1.69%。

基于几何均值分解的可见光MIMO预编码优化设计

在可见光通信(VLC,Visible Light Communication)系统中,受发送信号非负约束和信道相关性较强影响,预编码后的等效子信道增益差异较大,现有的预编码需要迭代搜索等复杂的功率和比特分配算法来适配不同子信道。针对此问题,利用非线性判决反馈均衡检测器,提出基于几何平均分解的线性预编码,将信道分解成多个增益相同的子信道来提高误码率性能,避免了传统预编码中复杂的功率和比特分配问题,又基于最小均方误差准则进行功率分配,进一步提高了系统性能。最后仿真实验分析结果表明,所提两种方案均明显优于传统预编码,误码率性能获得了约8 dB~12 dB增益。

叶片前后缘识别及百叶轮抛磨工艺研究

针对叶片前后缘厚度小、曲率变化急剧的结构难点,利用最小二乘法对叶片截面前后缘和部分叶身处的离散点进行椭圆拟合,通过设置平均距离、最大距离和斜率差三个误差约束条件来确定前后缘与叶盆叶背临界点,精确识别叶片前后缘;选取适合抛磨前后缘的弹性抛磨工具百叶轮,简化百叶轮抛磨模型,从单颗磨粒抛磨出发,探究抛磨过程中百叶轮压缩量与抛磨力的关系,并基于Hertz接触理论和改进的等弦高误差法确定步长行距。最后通过机器人夹持叶片、百叶轮抛磨的方式进行横抛、纵抛实验。两种抛磨方式横抛后表面粗糙度均小于0.4μm,轮廓度误差小于0.08 mm,均能满足叶片的尺寸精度和表面质量要求。

论保全错误的程序法解释

“保全错误”及其“赔偿责任”的含义可以分别从程序法和实体法两个角度进行解释。最高人民法院通过裁判建立起单纯从实体法角度进行解释的规则,不仅不符合立法原意,而且违背保全申请行为的基本原理,导致申请人申请保全权与被申请人合法权益保护的失衡。在裁判方法上,以基础案件实体裁判结果倒推申请人主观状态的方法在逻辑上难以自洽。单纯实体法解释导向下的保全程序规则局部萎缩,担保功能变异,判断保全错误的实体标准模糊,潜藏司法不统一的危险。应当重视保全错误的程序法解释,仔细区分程序法意义上的保全错误与实体法意义上的侵权。

基于云计算平台的光通信网络信道均衡分配方法

以降低光通信网络干扰程度、实现信道均衡分配为目的,提出基于云计算平台的光通信网络信道均衡分配方法。构建基于云平台的光网络通信数据交互模型,使用改进粒子群算法计算光通信网络信道节点适应度函数值,选取光通信网络信道内连通性节点,求解信道动态邻域决策函数,实现光通信网络信道均衡分配。实验结果表明:该策略具备可靠性较强,可均衡分配聚集的光信号,使其呈现小堆聚集且规则分布状态,实现了信道均衡分配;该策略有效提升了光通信网络的吞吐量,降低了光通信节点对网络产生干扰程度。

基于判决导引的水声信道混合盲均衡算法研究

提出了一种适用于正交幅度调制(QAM)信号的混合盲均衡算法,该算法在初始模式中分别对QAM信号的同相分量和正交分量进行均衡,利用方形环判决域对均衡器输出信号进行判决,当误码率降到足够低的水平时自动切换到判决导引最小均方误差算法。最后利用水声信道仿真模型,对该算法的性能进行了验证。结果表明:该算法性能稳健,收敛后均方误差小,有效降低了高速水声通信的误码率,提高了水声信道均衡的稳定性,且有良好的冷启动和重新启动能力。