利用全国40个地面台站的观测资料对ERA5及ERA5-Land两种不同空间分辨率的再分析资料开展了地面风速误差评估研究,结果表明:ERA5和ERA5-Land资料多年平均风速偏差的平均值分别为0.08 m s^(−1)、-0.06 m s^(−1),偏差的最大值分别为0.46 m ...利用全国40个地面台站的观测资料对ERA5及ERA5-Land两种不同空间分辨率的再分析资料开展了地面风速误差评估研究,结果表明:ERA5和ERA5-Land资料多年平均风速偏差的平均值分别为0.08 m s^(−1)、-0.06 m s^(−1),偏差的最大值分别为0.46 m s^(−1)、-0.19 m s^(−1),相对偏差的平均值为4.4%、-2.0%,相对偏差的最大值分别为33.0%、-10.1%;月平均风速线性拟合方程的斜率分别为0.93、0.97,截距分别为0.29 m s^(−1)、0.02 m s^(−1),相关系数分别为0.98、0.99;月平均风速均方根误差的平均值分别为0.17 m s^(−1)、0.14 m s^(−1),均方根误差的最大值分别为0.49 m s^(−1)、0.22 m s^(−1),相对均方根误差的平均值为7.4%、5.7%,相对均方根误差的最大值分别为35.2%、13.3%。ERA5-Land高分辨率资料地面风速误差相对较低,有利于提高风能资源评估的准确性。展开更多
In Japan,liver biopsies were previously crucial in evaluating the severity of hepatitis caused by the hepatitis C virus(HCV)and diagnosing HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,due to the development of ef...In Japan,liver biopsies were previously crucial in evaluating the severity of hepatitis caused by the hepatitis C virus(HCV)and diagnosing HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,due to the development of effective antiviral treatments and advanced imaging,the necessity for biopsies has significantly decreased.This change has resulted in fewer chances for diagnosing liver disease,causing many general pathologists to feel less confident in making liver biopsy diagnoses.This article provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and potential solutions related to liver biopsies in Japan.First,it highlights the importance of considering steatotic liver diseases as independent conditions that can coexist with other liver diseases due to their increasing prevalence.Second,it emphasizes the need to avoid hasty assumptions of HCC in nodular lesions,because clinically diagnosable HCCs are not targets for biopsy.Third,the importance of diagnosing hepatic immune-related adverse events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors is increasing due to the anticipated widespread use of these drugs.In conclusion,pathologists should be attuned to the changing landscape of liver diseases and approach liver biopsies with care and attention to detail.展开更多
提出一种高精度的ZWD模型(tianjin_zwd,TZ)。TZ基于2016-2018年逐小时气压分层的ERA5,欧洲中尺度气象预报中心第五代再分析产品数据,采用BP神经网络建立。然后,根据2019年的ERA5产品导出的ZWD对TZ模型进行了验证。结果表明:相比GPT3模型...提出一种高精度的ZWD模型(tianjin_zwd,TZ)。TZ基于2016-2018年逐小时气压分层的ERA5,欧洲中尺度气象预报中心第五代再分析产品数据,采用BP神经网络建立。然后,根据2019年的ERA5产品导出的ZWD对TZ模型进行了验证。结果表明:相比GPT3模型,TZ模型可提供更贴近真值的ZWD估值;并且,其RMSE由5.0 cm (GPT3)降至4.5 cm,表明10%的精度提升。上述结果表明TZ模型实现了更优的预测性能,该模型的构建策略可为全国其他地区的ZWD建模提供借鉴。展开更多
文摘利用全国40个地面台站的观测资料对ERA5及ERA5-Land两种不同空间分辨率的再分析资料开展了地面风速误差评估研究,结果表明:ERA5和ERA5-Land资料多年平均风速偏差的平均值分别为0.08 m s^(−1)、-0.06 m s^(−1),偏差的最大值分别为0.46 m s^(−1)、-0.19 m s^(−1),相对偏差的平均值为4.4%、-2.0%,相对偏差的最大值分别为33.0%、-10.1%;月平均风速线性拟合方程的斜率分别为0.93、0.97,截距分别为0.29 m s^(−1)、0.02 m s^(−1),相关系数分别为0.98、0.99;月平均风速均方根误差的平均值分别为0.17 m s^(−1)、0.14 m s^(−1),均方根误差的最大值分别为0.49 m s^(−1)、0.22 m s^(−1),相对均方根误差的平均值为7.4%、5.7%,相对均方根误差的最大值分别为35.2%、13.3%。ERA5-Land高分辨率资料地面风速误差相对较低,有利于提高风能资源评估的准确性。
文摘In Japan,liver biopsies were previously crucial in evaluating the severity of hepatitis caused by the hepatitis C virus(HCV)and diagnosing HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,due to the development of effective antiviral treatments and advanced imaging,the necessity for biopsies has significantly decreased.This change has resulted in fewer chances for diagnosing liver disease,causing many general pathologists to feel less confident in making liver biopsy diagnoses.This article provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and potential solutions related to liver biopsies in Japan.First,it highlights the importance of considering steatotic liver diseases as independent conditions that can coexist with other liver diseases due to their increasing prevalence.Second,it emphasizes the need to avoid hasty assumptions of HCC in nodular lesions,because clinically diagnosable HCCs are not targets for biopsy.Third,the importance of diagnosing hepatic immune-related adverse events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors is increasing due to the anticipated widespread use of these drugs.In conclusion,pathologists should be attuned to the changing landscape of liver diseases and approach liver biopsies with care and attention to detail.
文摘提出一种高精度的ZWD模型(tianjin_zwd,TZ)。TZ基于2016-2018年逐小时气压分层的ERA5,欧洲中尺度气象预报中心第五代再分析产品数据,采用BP神经网络建立。然后,根据2019年的ERA5产品导出的ZWD对TZ模型进行了验证。结果表明:相比GPT3模型,TZ模型可提供更贴近真值的ZWD估值;并且,其RMSE由5.0 cm (GPT3)降至4.5 cm,表明10%的精度提升。上述结果表明TZ模型实现了更优的预测性能,该模型的构建策略可为全国其他地区的ZWD建模提供借鉴。
