Regulatory effect of salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate supplementation on ergosterol production in Hericium erinaceus mycelia

We evaluated the biomass and ergosterol content of Hericium erinaceus mycelium, and extracellular enzyme activities in H. erinaceus liquid culture following salicylic acid（SA） and methyl jasmonic acid（Me JA）supplementation. The optimal SA concentration was100 lmoláL-1, where the highest ergosterol content of 2.33 mgág-1was obtained following 6-day cultivation with100 lmoláL-1SA supplementation, and which was significantly higher than the unsupplemented control（p ／ 0.01）. Following 4-day supplementation with50 lmoláL-1Me JA, the highest ergosterol content obtained was 1.988 mgág-1, which was 25.8 % higher than the unsupplemented control. Our data indicate that SA and Me JA supplementation improves ergosterol content in H.erinaceus mycelium.

Two novel compounds, ergosterol and ergosta-5,8-dien-3-ol, from Termitomyces heimii Natarajan demonstrate promising antihepatocarcinoma activity

Background:Mushroom-derived components have immense potential to become a safe alternative in identifying lead anti-cancer molecules.Termitomyces heimii Natarajan(T.heimii)is a traditionally used edible mushroom with no previous record of anti-hepatocarcinoma activity.Methods:The anti-proliferative efficacy of the mushroom ethyl acetate extract was screened against a panel of seven cancer cell lines,namely Hep G2,MCF-7,MDA-MB-231,MAD-MB-436,MOLT-4,Reh,and K-562,and against peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from normal healthy donors by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction assay.The impact of the extract on nuclear morphology was examined by 40,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining and the apoptotic potential of the extract was evaluated through flow cytometry and Annexin V-PI dual staining,followed by an in vitro scratch assay to elucidate the anti-migratory potential of the extract.The apoptotic and antimigratory effects were further validated using in silico molecular docking with four compounds,ergosterol,ergosta-5,8-dien-3-ol,lanosterol,and eburicol,against two anti-apoptotic proteins,Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL,and two angiogenic receptors,VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2.Results:The screening data revealed that ethyl acetate extract exhibited remarkable anti-proliferative efficacy against Hep G2 cells,with a half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)value of 263.53(8.09)mg/mL,followed by MCF-7 cell lines and showed a negligible effect on peripheral blood mononuclear cells.A clear alteration of the cellular and nuclear morphology was concentration-dependently observed in Hep G2 cells.The extract induced robust apoptosis and a significant concentrationdependent increase in the scratch area.The results of in silico docking revealed that compared to standard drug sunitinib,both ergosterol and ergosta-5,8-dien-3-ol displayed lower binding energy,and satisfactory drugability and absorption,distribution,metabolism,excretion,and toxicity properties.Conclusions:T.heimii is a potential source for isolating lead anticancer molecules in the future.Ergosterol and ergosta-5,8-dien-3-ol hold great promise as new drugs against hepatocarcinoma.

Integrative Extraction of Ergosterol, （1→3）-α-D-Glucan and Chitosan from Penicillium chrysogenum Mycelia

Ergosterol,(1→3)-α-D-glucan and chitosan are important biomaterials.In this research,a process has been developed to integratively extract ergosterol,(1→3)-α-D-glucan,and chitosan from Penicillium chrysongenum mycelium.First,the mycelia are pretreated with 0.1mol·L-1 of NaOH.After recovery by centrifugation,the solid portion is made to undergo saponification and deacetylation reactions by addition of 2mol·L-1 NaOH and ethanol. After reaction,extraction is carried out by addition of petroleum ether,which separates the reaction mixture into two phases.The upper layer of petroleum ether contains extracted ergosterol,and the bottom layer of NaOH solu-tion contains(1→3)-α-D-glucan;the chitosan is on the mycelia residuum.After isolation,the recovery yield of er-gosterol is 0.52%of dry mycelium.That of(1→3)-α-D-glucan is about 8.2%;and chitosan is 5.7%with 86% deacetylation.The compositions have been characterized by IR,HPLC analyses.

Investigation of Ergosterol in situ Circular Dichroic Spectroelectrochemistry

In the present paper, the electrochemical behavior of ergosterol has been investigated by in situ circular dichroism (CD) spectroelectrochemistry with long path-length thin layer cell. E-0 (1.02V), alpha n(alpha) (0.302) of the electroxidation process of ergosterol were obtained from the CD spectroelectrochemical data. The mechanism of the electroxidation process of ergosterol is suggested.

Isolation, characterization and modulatory potentials of β-stigmasterol, ergosterol and xylopic acid from Anchomanes difformis on mitochondrial permeability transition pore in vitro

Objective: Secondary metabolites and polyphenolic compounds from medicinal plants have been demonstrated to have multiple biological functions with promising research and development prospects. This study examined the effect of β-stigmasterol(with ergosterol) and xylopic acid isolated from Anchomanes difformis on liver mitochondrial permeability transition pore(mPTP).Methods: The compounds were isolated by vacuum liquid chromatography. Mitochondrial swelling was assessed as changes in absorbance under succinate-energized conditions.Results:1H and13C NMR spectroscopic elucidation of the isolates affirmed the presence of β-stigmasterol with ergosterol(1:0.3) and xylopic acid. The isolates reversed the increase in lipid peroxidation and inhibited the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores caused by calcium and glucose.Pharmacological inhibition of m PTP offers a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of mitochondrial-associated disorders.Conclusion: Reduction in the activity of calcium ATPase and the expression of Caspase-3 and-9 were observed, suggesting that they could play a role in protecting physicochemical properties of membrane bilayers from free radical-induced severe cellular damage and be useful in the management of diseases where much apoptosis occurs.

The effect of ergosterol on the allogrooming behavior of termites in response to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhiziumanisopliae

Termites have physiological and behavioral immunities that make them highly resistant to pathogen infections,which complicates biocontrol efforts.However,the stimuli that trigger the pathogen-avoidance behaviors of termites are still unclear.Our study shows that workers of Coptotermes formosanus exposed to the conidia of Metarhizium anisopliae exhibited a significantly higher frequency and longer duration of allogrooming behaviors compared with untreated termites.Volatile compounds in the cuticle of control termites and termites previously exposed to a suspension of M.anisopliae conidia were analyzed and compared using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(GC-MS).Our results showed that the amount of ergosterol differed between the fungus-exposed and control termites.Choice tests showed that termites significantly preferred to stay on filter paper treated with ergosterol(0.05,0.1,or 1.0 mg/mL)compared with control filter paper.In addition,termites exposed to ergosterol followed by M.anisopliae conidia were allogroomed at a significantly higher frequency and for a longer duration than termites exposed to alcohol(the solvent used with the ergosterol in the ergosterol trials)alone followed by M.anisopliae conidia.These results showed that ergosterol may enhance the allogrooming behavior of termites in the presence of entomopathogenic fungi.

Controlling antifungal activity with light:Optical regulation of fungal ergosterol biosynthetic pathway with photo-responsive CYP51 inhibitors

Invasive fungal infections(IFIs)have been associated with high mortality,highlighting the urgent need for developing novel antifungal strategies.Herein the first light-responsive antifungal agents were designed by optical control of fungal ergosterol biosynthesis pathway with photocaged triazole lanosterol 14a-demethylase(CYP51)inhibitors.The photocaged triazoles completely shielded the CYP51inhibition.The content of ergosterol in fungi before photoactivation and after photoactivation was 4.4%and 83.7%,respectively.Importantly,the shielded antifungal activity(MIC80≥64μg/m L)could be efficiently recovered(MIC80=0.5—8μg/m L)by light irradiation.The new chemical tools enable optical control of fungal growth arrest,morphological conversion and biofilm formation.The ability for highprecision antifungal treatment was validated by in vivo models.The light-activated compound A1 was comparable to fluconazole in prolonging survival in Galleria mellonella larvae with a median survival of 14 days and reducing fungal burden in the mouse skin infection model.Overall,this study paves the way for precise regulation of antifungal therapy with improved efficacy and safety.

林分改变驱动的优势菌根真菌类型变化影响土壤有机碳积累

马尾松林(PinusmassonianaLamb.)是典型的外生菌根(Ectomycorrhiza,ECM)优势林,但是近年来受到松材线虫病的影响,生态服务功能下降,逐渐被丛枝菌根(Arbuscularmycorrhiza,AM)占优势的阔叶林所替代,但亚热带地区马尾松林转变为阔叶林过程中,优势菌根类型的改变对土壤有机碳积累的影响仍不清楚。以建德市马尾松林和阔叶林为研究对象,通过高效液相色谱和中性脂肪酸、磷脂脂肪酸等技术,测定优势菌根真菌生物量、球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(GRSP)含量以及土壤胞外酶活性和微生物群落特征。结果表明:AM真菌占优势的阔叶林(AMD)取代ECM真菌占优势的马尾松林(ECMD),土壤有机碳显著提高了36.81%,微生物碳利用效率(CUE)显著提高了53.85%,AM真菌生物量提高了25.57%,ECM真菌生物量下降45.04%,并且ECM真菌占优势的马尾松林受到更严重的氮限制。磷脂脂肪酸分析显示,相比于AM真菌占优势的阔叶林,ECM真菌占优势的马尾松林革兰氏阳性细菌(G^(+))以及革兰氏阳性与阴性细菌之比(G^(+)/G^(–))分别显著下降了21.47%和6.46%。冗余分析(Redundancy analysis,RDA)结果表明,AM真菌占优势和ECM真菌占优势的森林之间土壤微生物群落结构存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中AM真菌生物量和土壤有机碳与微生物群落结构变异显著相关。GRSP含量下降以及不同类型菌根真菌招募微生物类群不同是导致ECM真菌占优势森林土壤有机碳下降的重要原因。因此,亚热带地区马尾松林被阔叶林替代后增加森林土壤有机碳含量,提高森林碳汇功能。

粗毛纤孔菌不同提取物对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响

采用粗毛纤孔菌(Inonotus hispidus)石油醚提取物(高、低剂量分别为12、6 mg·kg^(-1))、乙酸乙酯提取物(高、低剂量组分别为17、8.5 mg·kg^(-1))、正丁醇提取物(高、低剂量分别为45、22.5 mg·kg^(-1))、水提取物(高、低剂量分别为600、300 mg·kg^(-1))、麦角甾醇(高、低剂量分别为10、5 mg·kg^(-1))灌胃环磷酰胺所致免疫抑制小鼠,测定免疫器官指数、吞噬指数、吞噬系数、耳肿胀度、耳肿胀率和血清细胞因子、免疫球蛋白含量,采用苏木素-伊红染色小鼠脾脏、胸腺、胰腺、回肠后观察组织形态,研究粗毛纤孔菌不同提取物对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果表明:与模型组相比,石油醚、水提取物高剂量组和麦角甾醇高、低剂量组的胸腺指数显著升高;麦角甾醇高、低剂量组的吞噬指数和吞噬系数均显著升高,水提取物高、低剂量组的吞噬系数显著升高;水提取物和麦角甾醇高、低剂量组的耳肿胀度和耳肿胀率均极显著升高;石油醚、水提取物和麦角甾醇高、低剂量组,乙酸乙酯提取物高剂量组的IL-1β含量显著增加;石油醚、乙酸乙酯、水提取物高、低剂量组和麦角甾醇高、低剂量组的IL-2含量极显著增加;除正丁醇提取物低剂量组外,其余提取物组和麦角甾醇高、低剂量组的IFN-γ和IL-10含量均极显著增加;石油醚、水提取物和麦角甾醇高、低剂量组,乙酸乙酯提取物高剂量组的IL-4含量极显著增加;石油醚、水提取物和麦角甾醇高、低剂量组的IgG含量显著增加。研究结果表明,粗毛纤孔菌提取物对环磷酰胺所致免疫抑制小鼠具有良好的免疫保护作用,可为粗毛纤孔菌进一步开发提供参考。

Antifungal Activity of Aspidin BB from Dryopteris fragrans against Trichophyton rubrum Involved Inhibition of Ergosterol Biosynthesis

Objectives Aspidin BB, a typical phloroglucinol derivative from Dryopteris fragrans, possesses significant antifungal property. This study aimed to investigate potential mechanism of antifungal activity of Aspidin BB against Trichophyton rubrum which is the most common pathogens responsible for chronic dermatophytosis. Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） ofAspidin BB against strains was determined by broth microdilution. The effects of Aspidin BB on ergosterol biosynthesis were investigated by content determination based on UPLC method. Besides, the effects of drugs on squalene epoxidase （SE） in T. rubrum cell membrane were analyzed. Results MIC value of Aspidin BB against T. rubrum was 25.0 IJg/mL. Aspidin BB reduced ergosterol content significantly, but no notable effect on squalene epoxidase activity. Conclusion The results suggested that Aspidin BB inhibited ergosterol biosynthesis. However, it was not squalene epoxidase but other components may sever as possible targets in ergosterol biosynthesis pathway.

香茅醛对指状青霉孢子麦角固醇合成的影响

探讨了香茅醛对指状青霉抑霉唑敏感(Pds01)和抗性(Pdw03)菌株孢子萌发过程中麦角固醇合成的影响。结果表明:不同含量香茅醛能显著抑制Pds01和Pdw03孢子萌发,半抑制浓度分别为0.8μL/mL和3.2μL/mL。经半抑制浓度香茅醛处理不同时间后,Pds01和Pdw03孢子麦角固醇含量显著降低,羊毛固醇含量显著升高;麦角固醇合成关键基因表达受到显著影响,Pds01的ERG9基因上调表达峰值早于Pdw03,两者ERG3基因的表达量皆显著下调。本研究表明香茅醛通过抑制ERG3的表达降低Pds01和Pdw03孢子麦角固醇合成,进而影响孢子萌发,可为柑橘采后病害绿色防腐保鲜剂的开发提供理论依据。

高效液相色谱结合浊点微萃取测定烟叶中麦角甾醇

本研究建立了一种简单、快速及灵敏测定烟叶中麦角甾醇的高效液相色谱新方法。方法基于脂肪酸基酸碱诱导浊点萃取(AB-CPE)技术,以己酸为萃取剂,通过加入碱诱导酸碱反应形成混浊均相,再加入酸进行相分离从而对麦角甾醇进行浊点萃取。考察并优化了影响分散液液微萃取的实验条件,包括萃取剂和分散剂种类及用量、pH和离子强度。在最优条件下,该方法在1~1000 mg/kg之间具有良好的线性关系,相关系数R^(2)≥0.997。方法的检出限(S/N=3)和定量限(S/N=10)分别是0.08 mg/kg和0.26 mg/kg,实际烟叶样品的加标回收率在92.5%~102.3%范围内,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于2.2%。该方法成功应用于烟草中麦角甾醇的定量检测。

香菇中麦角甾醇提取、表征及抗氧化、降胆固醇特性

采用超声辅助皂化法提取香菇(Lentinula edodes)子实体麦角甾醇,通过单因素实验和正交实验优化提取条件,对麦角甾醇纯化产物表征、光稳定性进行分析,并测定其对羟基、DPPH自由基清除率和降胆固醇活性。结果表明:麦角甾醇最佳提取条件为料液比1∶40 (g:mL)、0.04 g·mL^(-1) KOH、超声温度70℃、超声时间70 min,在此条件下麦角甾醇得率为(0.81±0.02)%,麦角甾醇纯化产物纯度为(86.18±3.49)%。与白炽光比较,紫外光照射麦角甾醇纯化产物的存留率显著降低。在实验范围内,1 mg·mL^(-1)麦角甾醇纯化产物对羟基、DPPH自由基清除率较高,清除羟基、DPPH自由基的IC50分别为(12.96±1.36)、(6.68±0.98) mg·mL^(-1)。麦角甾醇纯化产物显著降低胆固醇在胶束中的溶解度。研究结果可为香菇麦角甾醇的利用提供参考。

高效液相色谱法测定桦褐孔菌4种成分含量及不同部位含量比较

目的评价桦褐孔菌药材质量,建立高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定桦褐孔菌药材中4种成分含量,并比较不同部位4种成分含量的差异。方法采用HPLC法测定桦褐孔菌中栓菌酸、桦褐孔菌醇、麦角甾醇、羊毛甾醇含量,并对桦褐孔菌药材黑褐色外壳和内部黄色菌肉中4种成分含量进行比较。色谱柱为Agilent 5 TC-C 18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),柱温30℃;以乙腈-水为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL·min^(-1);检测波长为203,282 nm;进样量:20μL。采用SPSS23.0版统计软件对不同产地桦褐孔菌药材进行聚类分析,对内外两部位含量进行统计学分析。结果4种成分在各自浓度范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.9997);平均加样回收率分别为101.79%,102.96%,101.12%和101.37%,RSD分别为2.35%,2.25%,2.27%和2.13%(n=6);精密度、重复性、稳定性(24 h)实验RSD均<3.0%(n=6);23批桦褐孔菌药材中栓菌酸、桦褐孔菌醇、麦角甾醇、羊毛甾醇含量范围分别为0.3830~3.5234,0.7412~6.4903,0.1288~0.6997,0.6289~4.0533 mg·g^(-1);聚类分析可将23批样品分为3类。桦褐孔菌药材内部菌肉中麦角甾醇、羊毛甾醇含量高于黑褐色外壳,而栓菌酸、桦褐孔菌醇含量在桦褐孔菌内外两部位之间差异无统计学意义。结论所建立的含量测定方法重复性、稳定性、可操作性良好,可为桦褐孔菌药材的质量控制提供参考。

六种中草药提取物对羊肚菌深层发酵麦角甾醇的影响

探究了6种甘肃道地中草药提取物对羊肚菌液体发酵生物量及麦角甾醇产量的影响。采用单因素试验结合响应面法,筛选适宜羊肚菌发酵产麦角甾醇的中药材种类,并重点考察了添加红芪提取物对羊肚菌液体发酵麦角甾醇的影响,优化了其发酵工艺参数,建立了羊肚菌在中草药液体环境中的发酵体系。结果表明,党参、红芪、柴胡对羊肚菌生物量和麦角甾醇产量均有明显促进作用,其中红芪效果最佳,在100 g/L的添加剂量下,生物量干重和麦角甾醇产量最大,达到了10.57 g/L和47.69 mg/L,分别是对照组的2.83倍、2.50倍;甘草、当归、板蓝根在50 g/L的剂量下,对羊肚菌菌丝体生长有一定的促进作用,当超过50 g/L剂量时,对其生长均有强抑制作用。响应面分析结果表明,影响麦角甾醇含量的因素顺序为发酵时间>红芪剂量>发酵温度;最佳工艺参数为红芪剂量97.60 g/L,发酵温度26℃,发酵时间11 d,接种量8%,转速180 r/min,在此条件下麦角甾醇产量达到59.16 mg/L,比工艺优化前提高了21.95%。该研究结果可为相关产业利用中草药提取物促进羊肚菌液体发酵麦角甾醇提供理论依据和参考。

侧柏叶抗红色毛癣菌主要活性成分α-蒎烯以ERG-3为靶点发挥抗真菌作用

红色毛癣菌(Trichophyton rubrum,T.rubrum)是皮肤癣最主要病原;侧柏叶(Cacumen Platycladi)是侧柏[Platycladus orientali s(L.)Franco]的干燥嫩枝梢及叶,被《苗族医学》收录用于治疗皮肤癣。本研究旨在探讨侧柏叶抗T.rubrum的主要活性物质及其抗真菌机制,为抗皮肤癣新药研发提供帮助。本研究通过测定最小抑菌浓度和孢子萌发率分析了侧柏叶活性物质对T.rubrum的抑菌活性,使用电镜观察T.rubrum菌丝形态和孢子超微结构,并检测侧柏叶活性物质对T.rubrum细胞膜通透性、完整性和麦角甾醇含量的影响,从而阐述侧柏叶活性物质对T.rubrum抑菌机理,最后采用GC-MS和qRT-PCR方法找到其抗T.rubrum的作用靶点。结果显示,侧柏叶石油醚部位的α-蒎烯为主要抗菌活性成分,MIC为32μg·mL^(-1),极显著抑制孢子萌发(P<0.01);α-蒎烯可致细胞膜发生明显损伤和内容物流出、通透性极显著增加(P<0.01)以及24 h内细胞膜中麦角甾醇和24(28)脱氢麦角甾醇含量显著下降(P<0.05);引起脂质色谱图中ERG3活性抑制相关的“麦角甾烷-7,24-二烯-3β-醇”色谱峰出现;可极显著降低ERG3的相对表达量(P<0.01)。结果表明,α-蒎烯是侧柏叶中发挥抗T.rubrum活性最主要成分且以ERG3为其抗真菌靶点。

暴马桑黄ERG6基因克隆及不同发育时期差异表达

【目的】对参与暴马桑黄麦角甾醇合成途径的关键基因—C-24甾醇甲基转移酶基因(ERG6)进行克隆及差异表达,探究ERG6基因在暴马桑黄麦角甾醇生物合成途径中的作用,为通过生物技术手段获得麦角甾醇高产菌株提供理论依据。【方法】采用PCR扩增技术克隆暴马桑黄ERG6基因cDNA全长并进行序列分析,采用SDS-PAGE检测暴马桑黄ERG6基因原核表达情况。克隆ERG6启动子序列,利用生物信息学软件进行分析。采用qRT-PCR技术分析不同发育阶段下暴马桑黄ERG6基因的转录水平。采用分光光度计法测定不同发育阶段暴马桑黄麦角甾醇含量。【结果】成功克隆得到ERG6基因c DNA全长,SDS-PAGE检测结果表明ERG6基因能够在原核系统成功表达出目的蛋白且目的蛋白表达量显著高于其他蛋白,同时发现随着诱导时间的增加,蛋白表达量也逐渐增加,生物信息学分析发现该基因全长996 bp,编码331个氨基酸,不具有信号肽和跨膜结构,具有42个潜在的磷酸化位点。启动子序列分析结果显示,ERG6启动子具有1个核心启动区和4种可能参与基因调控的转录因子,除具备典型启动子功能元件,还具有茉莉酸甲酯、赤霉素和脱落酸等多种响应元件。荧光定量及麦角甾醇含量测定结果显示,在暴马桑黄不同发育阶段,ERG6基因表达情况和麦角甾醇含量变化趋势呈正相关。【结论】ERG6基因在暴马桑黄麦角甾醇的生物合成中起正向调控作用,结果可为培育暴马桑黄麦角甾醇高产菌株奠定理论基础。

在线二维液相色谱法测定发酵虫草菌粉(Cs-4)中6种活性物质

目的:建立发酵虫草菌粉(Cs-4)中尿嘧啶、尿苷、腺苷、腺嘌呤、鸟苷、麦角甾醇6种活性物质的二维液相色谱测定方法。方法:采用二维液相色谱测定法,第一维色谱系统采用亲水相互作用色谱柱,第二维系统采用C18色谱柱。样品经乙腈溶液提取,过滤后进样,5种核苷和碱基在第一维液相系统分离测定,麦角甾醇在第二维液相系统测定。结果:方法中各物质线性范围:尿嘧啶,0.3~30μg·mL-1;尿苷,0.4~40μg·mL-1;腺苷,0.8~80μg·mL-1;腺嘌呤,1.0~100μg·mL-1;鸟苷,2.5~250μg·mL-1;麦角甾醇1.5~150μg·mL-1。方法中各物质加样回收率范围与精密度:尿嘧啶,96.7%~103.4%,1.8%~3.1%;尿苷,98.9%~101.4%,1.7%~2.6%;腺苷,95.9%~104.7%,1.5%~3.5%;腺嘌呤,97.0%~104.0%,1.4%~4.0%;鸟苷,98.2%~101.4%,1.9%~3.1%;麦角甾醇,96.0%~102.0%,2.5%~3.7%。结论:本研究方法显著提高了分析效率,准确度高,可满足药物评价、质量监督等工作的需求;对发展发酵虫草菌粉(Cs-4)等中药复杂成分分离方法,指导药物临床使用具有重要意义。

超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法(UHPLC-MS/MS)测定松茸中麦角甾醇含量

以松茸为试材,使用超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法(ultrahigh-performance LC and tandem mass spectrometry,UHPLC-MS/MS)快速测定麦角甾醇含量,为松茸中麦角甾醇的进一步研究提供技术支持。采用Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱分离,甲醇等度洗脱,流速0.3 mL·min-1,柱温30℃,进样量5μL,串联质谱为大气压化学电离(APCI)源正离子模式、选择反应监测(SRM)模式。结果表明,麦角甾醇在50~1000 ng·mL-1线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.999;平均回收率为92.1%、90.1%、98.5%,相对标准偏差为2.49%、1.57%、1.99%。该方法具有检测时间短、灵敏性高的优点,可以满足松茸中麦角甾醇的批量检测。

稻瘟病菌防控及基于细胞膜损伤的抑菌机制研究进展

稻瘟病菌是危害水稻种植的重要病害,也是研究丝状真菌的重要模式菌.从细胞层面揭示稻瘟病菌的抑菌机制,可以为水稻病害防治和新药开发提供靶点.文章总结了近年来稻瘟病菌防控3种常用方法的优劣,并从细胞膜结构损伤、氧化损伤、膜相关酶活性变化和基因表达等方面对基于细胞膜损伤的抑菌活性研究进行了详细阐述,为高效绿色防控稻瘟病、开展基于细胞膜损伤的抑菌机制研究提供参考.