Human activities to improve the quality of life have accelerated the natural rate of soil erosion.In turn,these natural disasters have taken a great impact on humans.Human activities,particularly the conversion of veg...Human activities to improve the quality of life have accelerated the natural rate of soil erosion.In turn,these natural disasters have taken a great impact on humans.Human activities,particularly the conversion of vegetated land into agricultural land and built-up area,stand out as primary contributors to soil erosion.The present study investigated the risk of soil erosion in the Irga watershed located on the eastern fringe of the Chota Nagpur Plateau in Jharkhand,India,which is dominated by sandy loam and sandy clay loam soil with low soil organic carbon(SOC)content.The study used the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)and Geographical Information System(GIS)technique to determine the rate of soil erosion.The five parameters(rainfall-runoff erosivity(R)factor,soil erodibility(K)factor,slope length and steepness(LS)factor,cover-management(C)factor,and support practice(P)factor)of the RUSLE were applied to present a more accurate distribution characteristic of soil erosion in the Irga watershed.The result shows that the R factor is positively correlated with rainfall and follows the same distribution pattern as the rainfall.The K factor values in the northern part of the study area are relatively low,while they are relatively high in the southern part.The mean value of the LS factor is 2.74,which is low due to the flat terrain of the Irga watershed.There is a negative linear correlation between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)and the C factor,and the high values of the C factor are observed in places with low NDVI.The mean value of the P factor is 0.210,with a range from 0.000 to 1.000.After calculating all parameters,we obtained the average soil erosion rate of 1.43 t/(hm^(2)•a),with the highest rate reaching as high as 32.71 t/(hm^(2)•a).Therefore,the study area faces a low risk of soil erosion.However,preventative measures are essential to avoid future damage to productive and constructive activities caused by soil erosion.This study also identifies the spatial distribution of soil erosion rate,which will help policy-makers to implement targeted soil erosion control measures.展开更多
This study focuses on the use of heavy fuel oil in construction material in Burkina Faso. Its mixture with silty or clayey soil is used as a coating to reinforce the walls of raw earth constructions which are very sen...This study focuses on the use of heavy fuel oil in construction material in Burkina Faso. Its mixture with silty or clayey soil is used as a coating to reinforce the walls of raw earth constructions which are very sensitive to water. The interest of this study is to determine erodibility, water content, while highlighting the influence of the porosity accessible by water on thermal diffusion in construction material containing heavy fuel oil. The heavy fuel oil was mixed with a silty-clayey soil, in different proportions, and water to make bricks samples on which tests were carried out. At the end of the experimental tests, it appears that the water content increases gradually, but not significantly with the addition of heavy fuel oil, which causes a slight increase in the speed of heat propagation through the material with reduced porosity, particularly those containing higher quantities of heavy fuel oil. Conversely, we note a good performance of heavy fuel oil in terms of water resistance properties such as porosity accessible by water and erodibility. This allows us to conclude that the mixture of heavy fuel oil and silty-clayey soil used as a coating material could greatly reduce water infiltration into the walls of housing constructions with raw earthen materials.展开更多
The erodible particle size distribution, diameter range and separate content of three soils from semi-arid regions of China were determined at different wind velocities through wind tunnel simulation and dry sieving. ...The erodible particle size distribution, diameter range and separate content of three soils from semi-arid regions of China were determined at different wind velocities through wind tunnel simulation and dry sieving. It was demonstrated that soil erodibility by wind depends not only on the intrinsic soil properties, but also on the extrinsic erosion effect of the erosive winds. It was supposed that there existed general consistency in the mechanics of wind erosion on different soils.展开更多
The headrace of the Inga hydropower complex is experiencing siltation problems, reducing the exploitable draft and limiting the production capacity of the two main Inga hydropower plants during the low water period. D...The headrace of the Inga hydropower complex is experiencing siltation problems, reducing the exploitable draft and limiting the production capacity of the two main Inga hydropower plants during the low water period. During the 2019 low water period, several sediment slumps occurred in the Shongo basin, disrupting the production of hydroelectric power generated by the Inga 1 & 2 power plant, resulting in massive load shedding of power supply to downstream customers. The cardinal aim of this study is to determine the quantities of sediments deposited and those eroded, in order to know the evolution of sedimentation in the Shongo basin from February 2020 to May 2021. The results obtained show that the running index of the generating units is determinant and influences the sedimentation process in the Shongo basin. The cleaning of the Shongo basin in terms of the spatial distribution of sedimentation from February 2020 to May 2021 is plausible.展开更多
基金the financial support received from the University Grants Commission (UGC) in the form of a Junior Research Fellowship (JRF)。
文摘Human activities to improve the quality of life have accelerated the natural rate of soil erosion.In turn,these natural disasters have taken a great impact on humans.Human activities,particularly the conversion of vegetated land into agricultural land and built-up area,stand out as primary contributors to soil erosion.The present study investigated the risk of soil erosion in the Irga watershed located on the eastern fringe of the Chota Nagpur Plateau in Jharkhand,India,which is dominated by sandy loam and sandy clay loam soil with low soil organic carbon(SOC)content.The study used the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)and Geographical Information System(GIS)technique to determine the rate of soil erosion.The five parameters(rainfall-runoff erosivity(R)factor,soil erodibility(K)factor,slope length and steepness(LS)factor,cover-management(C)factor,and support practice(P)factor)of the RUSLE were applied to present a more accurate distribution characteristic of soil erosion in the Irga watershed.The result shows that the R factor is positively correlated with rainfall and follows the same distribution pattern as the rainfall.The K factor values in the northern part of the study area are relatively low,while they are relatively high in the southern part.The mean value of the LS factor is 2.74,which is low due to the flat terrain of the Irga watershed.There is a negative linear correlation between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)and the C factor,and the high values of the C factor are observed in places with low NDVI.The mean value of the P factor is 0.210,with a range from 0.000 to 1.000.After calculating all parameters,we obtained the average soil erosion rate of 1.43 t/(hm^(2)•a),with the highest rate reaching as high as 32.71 t/(hm^(2)•a).Therefore,the study area faces a low risk of soil erosion.However,preventative measures are essential to avoid future damage to productive and constructive activities caused by soil erosion.This study also identifies the spatial distribution of soil erosion rate,which will help policy-makers to implement targeted soil erosion control measures.
文摘This study focuses on the use of heavy fuel oil in construction material in Burkina Faso. Its mixture with silty or clayey soil is used as a coating to reinforce the walls of raw earth constructions which are very sensitive to water. The interest of this study is to determine erodibility, water content, while highlighting the influence of the porosity accessible by water on thermal diffusion in construction material containing heavy fuel oil. The heavy fuel oil was mixed with a silty-clayey soil, in different proportions, and water to make bricks samples on which tests were carried out. At the end of the experimental tests, it appears that the water content increases gradually, but not significantly with the addition of heavy fuel oil, which causes a slight increase in the speed of heat propagation through the material with reduced porosity, particularly those containing higher quantities of heavy fuel oil. Conversely, we note a good performance of heavy fuel oil in terms of water resistance properties such as porosity accessible by water and erodibility. This allows us to conclude that the mixture of heavy fuel oil and silty-clayey soil used as a coating material could greatly reduce water infiltration into the walls of housing constructions with raw earthen materials.
文摘The erodible particle size distribution, diameter range and separate content of three soils from semi-arid regions of China were determined at different wind velocities through wind tunnel simulation and dry sieving. It was demonstrated that soil erodibility by wind depends not only on the intrinsic soil properties, but also on the extrinsic erosion effect of the erosive winds. It was supposed that there existed general consistency in the mechanics of wind erosion on different soils.
文摘The headrace of the Inga hydropower complex is experiencing siltation problems, reducing the exploitable draft and limiting the production capacity of the two main Inga hydropower plants during the low water period. During the 2019 low water period, several sediment slumps occurred in the Shongo basin, disrupting the production of hydroelectric power generated by the Inga 1 & 2 power plant, resulting in massive load shedding of power supply to downstream customers. The cardinal aim of this study is to determine the quantities of sediments deposited and those eroded, in order to know the evolution of sedimentation in the Shongo basin from February 2020 to May 2021. The results obtained show that the running index of the generating units is determinant and influences the sedimentation process in the Shongo basin. The cleaning of the Shongo basin in terms of the spatial distribution of sedimentation from February 2020 to May 2021 is plausible.