Promoting High-quality Development of Grain and Oil in Ethnic Areas of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from the Perspective of Agricultural Power

Accelerating the construction of agricultural power,further promoting the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,and better supporting and serving Chinese-style modernization are the key issues at present.This paper first introduces the Yangtze River Economic Belt and its ethnic areas,and studies the characteristics of the grain and oil industry in the ethnic autonomous areas of the economic belt,as well as the current situation of various types of intellectual property resources,such as industrial cultural heritage,scientific and tech-nological innovation,and brand marking intellectual property.Besides,it analyzes the main problems in the high-quality development of grain and oil in the Yangtze River Economic Belt ethnic areas.Finally,it comes up with recommendations,including protecting the intellectual prop-erty rights of cultural heritage in the field of grain and oil,leading the inheritance and development of excellent traditional Chinese culture,use scientific and technological innovation intellectual property rights to promote the innovation-driven development strategy of the grain and oil in-dustry,and providing counterpart assistance to ethnic autonomous areas in the Yangtze River Economic Belt to further promote the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

Let Education Play a More Role in Rural Revitalization—Taking Guangxi Border Ethnic Areas as an Example

The development of education and the implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization are both decisions made by the Chinese government according to the needs of the country.The article first elaborates the relationship between education and rural revitalization.Second,it takes Guangxi border ethnic areas as an example to analyze the current problems and deficiencies in the development of education.Finally,it puts forward targeted suggestions,including a hundredyear plan and education-oriented.Education is the cornerstone of national revitalization.With a view to enabling education to play a more effective role in rural revitalization.

Crime Prevention in Ethnic Areas Focusing on Crime Prevention through Environmental Design

The purpose of this study is to consider crime prevention measures in ethnic areas focusing on Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) by an analysis of crime data and field survey. In this study, it was found that the main type of foreign crime that occurred in the research area was violence, and crimes committed by Koreans, which were mainly violence and crimes such as burglary, theft, robbery, and sexual offences, occurred steadily. Because it was found that crimes were related to the urban planning elements comprised of land use such as traditional market, inn, pub, and complicated space structure and the architectural design for natural surveillance and security facilities such as CCTV, lighting, alarm, and target hardening device, a new strategy for crime prevention design should include street environmental management, improvement of commercial facilities, and reinforcement security device of each buildings has to be spread through support of policy. In conclusion it was thought that CPTED would be a valuable measure to prevention crime and support community activities in ethnic area as expecting an improvement of physical environment and resident participatory for safer community.

Study on the ecotourism model of ethnic areas in western Sichuan Province under the comprehensive tourism strategy:a case of Zoige County

The ethnic areas of western Sichuan Province are characterized by complicated topography,seismic active zone,serious soil erosion,fragile eco-environment,low level of economy,and so on.Periphery regions and central regions appear in western Sichuan Province.The socio-economic development in the central regions is at high level,whereas the ethnic areas are generally at lower level.Moreover,the deterioration of the eco-environment has seriously restricted the development of traditional industries in the ethnic areas and it is necessary to develop environment-friendly and resource-saving industries.The ethnic areas of western Sichuan Province are rich in tour-ism resources,and have the potentiality of developing ecotourism.Advantages of tourism resources in the ethnic areas should be made full use of,and "comprehensive tourism" is the requirement of the characteristics and the status quo of the ethnic areas.The "comprehensive tourism development model" has the functions of ecotourism on the key industry.Based on the demands and the interaction among different industries,the model can accelerate the development of related-industries,such as eco-agriculture,eco-industry,eco-tertiary industry,and so on.Through implementing the comprehensive tourism model,we can fully utilize the advantages of ethnic areas,and promote the rapid and sustainable growth of regional economy,and also the harmonious development of economy,environment and society.

A survey on the chronic poverty of peasants in ethnic areas

The authors survey Changyang Tujia Autonomous County and Xuanen County in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Hubei province.According to their results,about one-third of the existing poor population in these areas is stuck in chronic poverty,with few revenue-generating channels,poor physical health and low education levels.Special characteristics of chronic poverty include a tendency to return to poverty and intergenerational poverty transmission.The general causes include adverse natural environments,a shortage of human capital and an imperfect system.To solve chronic poverty quickly and effectively,we should hasten improving local natural conditions,develop more income-generating channels,establish a market shock-defending mechanism and intensify social relief and social security for the rural poor.

Understanding livelihood vulnerability:a perspective from Western Sichuan’s ethnic rural settings

To explore the livelihood status and key influencing factors of rural households in the minority areas,we collected flat data from 284 rural households in 32 villages across 12 counties of Western Sichuan from 2021 to 2022.We conducted participatory household survey on the livelihood status of the rural households and try to identify the key factors to influence their livelihood vulnerability using multiple linear regression.The results showed that:the livelihood situation of the rural households is relatively vulnerable.The vulnerability varies significantly with the income levels,education levels,and income sources.The vulnerability of farm households,categorized from low to high livelihood types,follows the sequence:non-agricultural dominant households,non-agricultural households,agricultural dominant households,and pure agricultural households.The degree of damage to the natural environment,education costs,loan opportunities,the proportion of agricultural income to annual household income,and the presence of sick people in the household have significant positive effects on the livelihood vulnerability index(LVI)of rural households;while help from relatives and friends,net income per capita,household size,household education,agricultural land area,participation in industrial organizations,number of livestock,purchase of commercial houses,drinking water source,and self-supply of food have significant negative effects.Based on the findings,we believe that local rural households operate in a complex livelihood system and recommend continuous interventions targeting key influences to provide empirical research support for areas facing similar situations.

The trend of low fertility and aging in ethnic minority areas and the policy responses in China:An analysis based on data from the latest three censuses

Low fertility and population aging are important factors affecting economic and social development.From 2000 to 2020,the development of low fertility in ethnic minority areas shows three trends of accelerated declining,slow declining and first falling and then rising,which are the results of the balance between the inhibiting effect of controlling birth policy and the rapidly rising birth cost,and the promoting effect of encouraging birth policy on the fertility desire of social members.The development of aging in ethnic minority areas shows two trends of acceleration and deceleration,which are the results of the balance between the promoting effect of controlling birth policy,the outflow of young and middle-aged labor force and the rise of life expectancy,and the inhibiting effect of the encouraging birth policy,the restraint of talent return and talent introduction.Combined with the development degree of low fertility and aging,we can accurately classify and implement policies for different ethnic minority areas.The areas with serious low fertility and population aging problems need economic policies to change the population age structure as soon as possible.The areas with slight low fertility and population aging problems should carry out ideological policies in priority to maintain the benign structure of population age.

Are“Internet+”tactics the key to poverty alleviation in China’s rural ethnic minority areas? Empirical evidence from Sichuan Province

China has made great efforts to alleviate poverty in rural ethnic minority areas and targeted achieving the poverty-alleviation task by the end of 2020.Aba,Ganzi,and Liangshan,three of the poorest ethnic prefectures in Sichuan Province,Southwest China,have all implemented“Internet+”tactics since 2013,which have had the positive effect of increasing family revenues by improving communication infrastructure and encouraging the large-scale use of e-commerce.This paper aims to comprehensively investigate whether“Internet+”tactics play a key role in poverty alleviation in Sichuan’s rural ethnic minority areas and to propose further measures to enhance the efficiency of e-commerce practice.To this end,we conduct an analysis using the framework of classic growth theory and use panel data from 2000 to 2018 to examine the relationship between Communication Infrastructure Investment(CII)and a set of poverty-alleviation indicators,including local GDP growth rate(LGGR),local government revenue(LGR),and per-capita income of residents(PCIR).The results indicate that strengthening CII improves the PCIR and local economic growth,playing a key role in poverty alleviation.However,the stimulation of CII on LGGR and LGR wanes as time passes.More financial and technical actions will be needed to improve the efficiency and quality of current strategies for sustainable development in those areas.

Analysis of the Ecological Migration Pattern in Ethnic Minority Areas——A Case Study of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

By taking Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region as an example,this paper analyzes the ecological migration pattern in ethnic minority areas.The basic patterns of development for poverty relief in Ningxia are in-situ migration and new area development pattern.The new area development pattern includes three types,namely small town development pattern around urban radiation districts,urban labor migration pattern,and large-scale ecological migration pattern.Finally,successful experience of ecological migration in Ningxia is summarized.First,scientific industrial planning shall be made on the basis of proper selection of ecological migration location in immigrant settlement regions.Second,scientific and comprehensive ecological migration policies should be formulated.

Spatial differentiation pattern of interregional migration in ethnic minority areas of Yunnan Province, China

Interregional migration has broad and far-reaching impacts on regional urbanization process in ethnic minority areas of Southwest China.The previous literature of interregional migration paid less attention on the ethnic minority areas with fragile geographical feature and marginal socio-economic context in the developing world due to the dearth of reliable data.Based on the 2015 national 1%population sampling survey at the village/community scale,taking Yulong Naxi Autonomous County,Yunnan Province,China as the case study,this paper analyzed the spatial differentiation pattern.The results showed that:(1)migration in Yulong Naxi Autonomous County exhibited obvious spatial differentiation characteristics in terms of population aggregation,population loss,migration direction,and migration activity;(2)the overall spatial differentiation of migration exhibited a"layer+sector"pattern in Yulong Naxi Autonomous County:the first layer was active areas with net inflows(<20 km from the seat of the county government),the second layer was inactive areas(within 20–60 km of the seat of the county government),and the third layer was a mixed"layer+sector"zone(>60 km to the seat of the county government),comprised of inactive areas and active areas with net outflows;(3)the spatial differentiation pattern of migration was highly correlated with the regional contexts including the regional economic development,regional transportation accessibility and regional social development,while regional physical geographical factors had insignificant relationships with the migration pattern.

Demand of Rural Public Goods in Western Ethnic Minority Areas

In the context of Development of the West Regions and the construction of new countryside,on the basis of defining the concept of public goods,this article analyzes the status quo and layers of demand of rural public goods in western ethnic minority areas:the demand of rural public goods in ethnic minority areas shows "pyramid" structure,that is,the most basic layer is production-based rural public goods,followed by life-based rural public goods and democratic-management-based rural public goods.Finally the countermeasures for achieving effective demand of rural public goods are put forward as follows:adhere to customers(farmers)-oriented principle;innovate upon the rural residents' demand expression mechanism of public goods in ethnic minority areas;achieve diversification of supply subject of rural public goods in ethnic minority areas.

Perfecting the Market-Oriented Ecological Compensation Mechanism of Ethnic Minority Areas: A Case Study of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

The construction of the market-oriented ecological compensation mechanism in China is complicated system engineering. China's ecological compensation funds are mainly derived from the public finance, lacking market-oriented operation. That not only increases the financial burden of the government, but also leads to the incomprehensive compensation scope. Moreover, China's ecological compensation lacks market mechanism so that it is difficult to set compensation standards and calculate offsets. This paper takes Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture as an example to analyze the market-oriented ecological compensation system of ethnic minority areas from the perspective of market economy, so as to provide a theoretical basis and a reference point for the establishment of efficient and reasonable ecological compensation mechanism and policies in ethnic minority areas and provide environmental protection for the sustainable development of economy and society of ethnic minority areas.

Influence of Urbanization on Growth of Rural Residents' Consumption in Western Ethnic Minority Areas of China

To make clear the relation between urbanization and growth of rural resident consumption in western ethnic minority areas of China,this paper selected cross-sectional area of 12 provinces( cities) in western ethnic minority areas in 2005- 2013 and made an empirical analysis through building panel data of influence of urbanization on rural resident consumption. Results indicate that there is positive correlation between urbanization and rural resident consumption growth in western ethnic minority areas. Urbanization increases income level of rural residents,strengthens demonstration effect of urban residents on rural resident consumption,and accordingly promotes rural resident consumption growth in western ethnic minority areas. Therefore,it is required to accelerate urbanization development,expand channels of increasing farmers' income,improve resident consumption environment,and bring into play promotion function of counties,to drive rural resident consumption growth in western ethnic minority areas.

Factors Influencing Rural Teacher Flow in Yunnan Ethnic Minority Areas

Ethnic minority areas area old revolutionary base areas,areas inhabited by ethnic minorities,remote areas,impoverished areas, and also difficult areas for construction of socialist harmonious society.Studying on factors influencing rural teacher flow in ethnic minority areas is of great significance to improving local teacher team structure and promoting balanced development of urban and rural education.However,it lacks empirical analysis based on field survey for the nonce.In this study,based on interview and questionnaire data of education departments and school leaders in 4 ethnic minority areas of Yunnan Province,it established binary Logistic model,analyzed factors influencing rural teacher flow in ethnic minority areas of Yunnan Province,and finally present policy recommendations.

Practice of Poverty Alleviation in Ethnic Minority Areas and Its Enlightenment to Rural Revitalization Strategy: A Case Study of Qiandongnan Prefecture

The revitalization of ethnic minority areas is an important part of China’s implementation of rural revitalization strategy. According to the experience accumulated in the preliminary poverty alleviation work of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture,this article summaries the main contents of Qiandongnan Prefecture’s poverty alleviation work from the aspects of key point( rural industries),assisting forces( ethnic culture and folklore industry) and important guarantee( human resources),and proposes that the rural revitalization strategy can be implemented in ethnic minority areas through consolidating the fundamental role of industrial revitalization in rural revitalization,promoting the prosperity of rural culture to realize simultaneous revitalization of rural industries and rural culture,promoting the revitalization of rural talents,and stimulating the vitality of rural areas.

乡村治理背景下民族地区民事纠纷非诉解决机制检视

近些年来,我国各地人民法院包括民族地区基层人民法院受理民事纠纷案件的数量一直居高不下,司法审判工作面临比较严峻的挑战。案件积压,给民族地区社会团结与和谐稳定的局势带来不小的压力。为了有效缓解民族地区基层人民法院案多人少的矛盾,应当发挥非诉解决机制的作用来分流案件和及时化解冲突。目前我国民族地区民事纠纷非诉解决机制存在一些问题,如自力救济机制存在失序与无效现象,社会救济机制缺乏应有的法律及政策支持,行政救济机制在处理民事纠纷上不具有终局性导致作用范围有限等,影响了其功能的发挥。该论文通过文献分析、比较分析和法理分析等方法,对非诉解决机制的发展完善提出了对策建议,包括强化自行协商和解的效力、健全调解与仲裁制度、扩大行政救济机制作用范围等,从而更好发挥非诉解决机制在分流化解纠纷、减少法院案件数量、促进民族地区社会平安稳定方面的功效,通过提升民族地区乡村治理水平,助推民族地区的乡村振兴。

西部民族地区理科教育高质量发展面临的挑战与应对——基于文化生态理论的视角

推进民族地区教育高质量发展是“十四五”时期我国教育事业发展的客观要求。进入新时代,西部民族地区理科教育发展中面临着诸多挑战,如学生的国家通用语言文字能力依然较弱,理科教师的培养与补充机制还不健全,传统民族教育体系的局限性日益凸显,理科教育文化生态失衡等。为此,提出推进西部民族地区理科教育高质量发展的几项对策:全面提升学生的国家通用语言文字能力,充分发挥国家通用语言文字在理科学习中的基础作用;建立理科教师培养与补充的长效机制;全面推进国家统编理科教材的使用;改革民族地区复杂多样的高考招生模式,向以国家通用语言文字考试为主的高考模式过渡;促进智能教育与理科教育的深度融合;创新理科教学方式,激发学生的科学学习热情。

边疆民族地区政治安全的认知演进与治道变革

政治安全是国家安全的根本,是国家政权、政治制度、政治秩序以及意识形态等方面免受威胁、侵犯、颠覆、破坏的客观状态。在国家疆域内不同地理空间中,政治安全的影响因素以及相应的治理之道差异悬殊。边疆民族地区的政治安全因其地理区位、社会结构、文化传统以及地缘政治等方面的特殊性与敏感性,成为一个特殊且复杂的治理场域。通过梳理新中国成立以来国家对边疆民族地区政治安全问题的认知演进及治道变革,政治安全在问题定位、主导价值、安全属性方面认知伴随国内外环境的变化而不断演变,其治理之道从“存异”走向“求同”。在以人民安全为宗旨的总体国家安全观指引下,边疆民族地区政治安全治理应凸显“人民中心”价值取向,强化边疆民族地区各族民众的国家认同、政治认同,进而构筑起维护政治安全的坚实屏障。

边疆民族地区民办社会工作机构承认历程探究——基于保山市S机构的个案分析

以霍耐特承认理论为指导,采取典型案例研究方法,对边疆民族地区——保山市的S机构承认历程进行探究。结合多元承认主体、双重承认维度和生命周期历程,将S机构获取承认之路构建为承认过程的生命周期模型。在S机构的初创期、成长期和稳定期,自我承认、政府承认和社会承认显现出不同特征,助推S机构的发展。S机构也遭遇一定程度的蔑视和挑战。边疆民族地区社会工作机构需认识到承认获取的螺旋过程,在现实境遇中力争突破。

民族地区城乡融合的功能、空间及治理研究

民族地区作为我国社会稳定的风向标,乡村地区作为我国应对风险挑战的压舱石,均对我国社会平稳发展起到重要作用。西部大开发的实施既推动了民族地区现代化进程,也凸显了以城市为中心的发展模式下城乡功能不协调、空间布局待优化以及协同治理不完善等问题。进入新时代,上述发展模式固化衍生的城乡融合协调发展及乡村建设等方面的困境,是民族地区高质量发展必须解决的短板,然而重塑城乡空间关系的前提是二者要对等。因此应在以空间正义为价值导向基础之上,通过共融共享、合理有效的空间规划和空间善治促进和推动城乡互动与交流,彰显城乡空间各自价值,促进功能互补,构建城乡双向赋能的空间结构,对于民族地区实践乡村振兴战略,推进城乡融合发展,夯实共同富裕发展基础,实现民族地区高质量发展,具有重要的战略支撑价值。