Mixed Music Analysis with Extended Specmurt

This paper introduces a mixed music analysis method using extended specmurt analysis. Conventional specmurt can only analyze a multi-pitch music signal from a single instrument and cannot analyze a mixed music signal that has several different types of instruments being played at the same time. To analyze a mixed music signal, extended specmurt is proposed. We regard the observed spectrum extracted from the mixed music as the summation of the observed spectra corresponding to each instrument. The mixed music has as many unknown fundamental frequency distributions as the number of instruments since the observed spectrum of a single instrument can be expressed as a convolution of the common harmonic structure and the fundamental frequency distribution. The relation among the observed spectrum, the common harmonic structure and the fundamental frequency distribution is transformed into a matrix representation in order to obtain the unknown fundamental frequency distributions. The equation is called extended specmurt, and the matrix of unknown components can be obtained by using a pseudo inverse matrix. The experimental result shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.

音乐人类学/Ethnomusicology——如何通过文化情境写音乐人事制度

“音乐人类学——如何通过文化情境写音乐人事制度”的作文命题,一方面再次强调了音乐人类学围绕文化的方法论,一方面又规定了它的研究范畴。尽管学科在不断发展,但其标志性,并未脱离20世纪中叶孔斯特等人将民族学与音乐学相结合形成其学科方法论的基本点,即围绕音乐与文化的关系展开。无论是“文化复合体”中的其他成分如何影响了音乐,还是音乐如何影响并主导了文化;亦无论是“文化语境中的音乐”,还是“文化中的音乐”,乃至“音乐作为文化”。作为学术研究的“理性话语”,它的立身之本,即在“给定的文化中”通过沉浸式的“实地考察”(fieldwork,或名田野工作、现场作业等)撰写音乐民族志(ethnography);它的学术追求,即于社会科学、人文科学和生物科学的跨学科探索中,期许一种“跨文化写作”的能力,并最终达至对人的音乐性的根本理解。本文通过简略的学科概述,并以自己的教学经历为例,讨论“以人为本的音乐民族志”及其实地考察,并将此作业方式理解为超越方法的“本体论承诺”。

Research on the Comparison and Integration of Chinese and Western Music Cultures

This research undertakes a nuanced examination of the intersections and distinctions between these two diverse musical traditions.Employing a meticulous comparative analysis,the study scrutinizes fundamental musical elements such as scales,modes,and compositional styles,illuminating shared threads and distinctive attributes that characterize Chinese and Western music.Against the backdrop of contemporary global dynamics,the research investigates the ongoing integration of these musical cultures.It explores the impact of globalization and technological advancements,revealing instances of cross-cultural collaboration and the emergence of hybrid musical forms.Augmenting theoretical discussions with concrete case studies,the paper offers illuminating examples of how Chinese and Western musical elements interweave,contributing to the evolving landscape of global music.This research not only advances scholarly understanding but also contributes practical insights for musicians,educators,and enthusiasts navigating the evolving dynamics of cross-cultural musical expression.By elucidating the intricate relationship between Chinese and Western music cultures,the paper underscores the richness borne out of their interaction and the cultural synthesis that defines contemporary musical landscapes.

Construction of Psychological Adjustment Function Model of Music Education Based on Emotional Tendency Analysis

In the face offierce competition in the social environment,mental health problems gradually get the attention of the public,in order to achieve accurate mental health data analysis,the construction of music education is based on emotional tendency analysis of psychological adjustment function model.Design emotional tendency analysis of music education psychological adjustment function architecture,music teaching goal as psychological adjust-ment function architecture building orientation,music teaching content as a foundation for psychological adjust-ment function architecture and music teaching process as a psychological adjustment function architecture building,music teaching evaluation as the key of building key regulating function architecture,Establish a core literacy oriented evaluation system.Different evaluation methods were used to obtain the evaluation results.Four levels of psychological adjustment function model of music education are designed,and the psychological adjust-ment function of music education is put forward,thus completing the construction of psychological adjustment function model of music education.The experimental results show that the absolute value of the data acquisition error of the designed model is minimum,which is not more than 0.2.It is less affected by a bad coefficient and has good performance.It can quickly converge to the best state in the actual prediction process and has a strong con-vergence ability.

Effect of music on procedure time and sedation during colonoscopy:A meta-analysis

AIM:To integrate results from different studies in examining the effectiveness of music in reducing the procedure time and the amount of sedation used during colonoscopic procedure. METHODS: An electronic search in various databases was performed to identify related articles. Study quality was evaluated by the Jadad’s scale. The random effect model was used to pool the effect from individual trials and the Cohen Q-statistic was used to determine heterogeneity. Egger’s regression was used to detect publication bias. RESULTS: Eight studies with 722 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The combined mean difference for the time taken for the colonoscopy procedure between the music and control groups was -2.84 with 95% CI (-5.61 to -0.08), implying a short time for the music group. The combined mean difference for the use of sedation was -0.46 with 95%CI (-0.91 to -0.01), showing a significant reduction in the use of sedation in the music group. Heterogeneity was observed in both analyses but no publication bias was detected. CONCLUSION: Listening to music is effective in reducing procedure time and amount of sedation during colonoscopy and should be promoted.

Detrended Fluctuation Analysis of the Human EEG during Listening to Emotional Music

A nonlinear method named detrended fluctuation analysis （DFA） was utilized to investigate the scaling behavior of the human electroencephalogram （EEG） in three emotional music conditions （fear, happiness, sadness） and a rest condition （eyes-closed）. The results showed that the EEG exhibited scaling behavior in two regions with two scaling exponents β1 and β2 which represented the complexity of higher and lower frequency activity besides α band respectively. As the emotional intensity decreased the value of β1 increased and the value of β2 decreased. The change of β1 was weakly correlated with the ＇approach-withdrawal＇ model of emotion and both of fear and sad music made certain differences compared with the eyes-closed rest condition. The study shows that music is a powerful elicitor of emotion and that using nonlinear method can potentially contribute to the investigation of emotion.

Use of music during colonoscopy:An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

BACKGROUND Music seems to be beneficial in multiple clinical areas.Colonoscopy is a stressful event for patients,especially with conscious sedation.Music during colonoscopy has been evaluated in multiple randomized controlled trials(RCTs)with varied results.Even meta-analyses on the subject over the years have yielded inconsistent conclusions.Therefore,we conducted an up-to-date meta-analysis regarding music during colonoscopy.AIM To assess the effects of music played during colonoscopy on patients’perspectives and sedation requirements.METHODS Multiple large databases were aggressively searched(November 2018).RCTs comparing music to without music during colonoscopy on adult patients were included.Pooled estimates were calculated for sedative medication doses,total procedure time,and patients’experience,willingness to repeat procedure,and pain scores using odds ratio(OR)and mean difference(MD)with random effects model.RESULTS Eleven studies(n=988)were included.Music during colonoscopy showed a statistically significant reduction in procedure times(MD:-2.3 min;95%CI:-4.13 to-0.47;P=0.01)and patients’pain(MD:-1.26;95%CI:-2.28 to-0.24;P=0.02)while improving patients’experience(MD:-1.11;95%CI:-1.7 to-0.53;P<0.01)as compared to no music.No statistically significant differences were observed between music and no music during colonoscopy for midazolam(MD:-0.4 mg;95%CI:-0.9 to 0.09;P=0.11),meperidine(MD:-3.06 mg;95%CI:-10.79 to 4.67;P=0.44),or patients’willingness to repeat the colonoscopy(OR:3.89;95%CI:0.76 to 19.97;P=0.1).CONCLUSION Music appears to improve overall patient experience while reducing procedure times and patient pain.Therefore,music,being a non-invasive intervention,should be strongly considered during colonoscopy.

Effectiveness of five elements music therapy on negative emotions of tumor patients:a systematic review and grading recommendations(GRADE)system

Background:Many original studies have shown that traditional Chinese five-element therapy(FEM-therapy)can effectively relieve anxiety,depression and quality of life.However,one published systematic review refuted this conclusion.To further clarify the efficacy of FEM therapy in relieving negative emotion among cancer patients and to assess the reliability of the evidence,this systematic review and meta-analysis was performed.Methods:We searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing FEM-therapy versus standard care for cancer patients,six databases(CBM,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CNKI,and WanFang),two clinical trial registries and one gray literature database were searched from inception to October 31,2022.Two investigators independently screened literature,extracted data,and assessed risk of bias according to the Cochrane Handbook Version 6.1.0.The RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform the meta-analysis.Overall quality of evidence was rated using GRADE(Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluation).Results:25 RCTs involving 1990 patients were finally included.Two of which had high risk bias,the remaining 23 were rated as unclear risk bias.Compared with other treatments,FEM-therapy combined with conventional nursing can significantly relieve anxiety(MD=-10.33,95%CI:[-13.77,-6.88],P<0.05;very low certainty)and depression(SMD=-1.10,95%CI:[-1.41,-0.79],P<0.05;very low certainty),and can significantly increase the quality of sleep(MD=-2.92,95%CI:[-4.89,-0.95],P<0.05;low certainty).Compared with acupuncture intervention,FEM-therapy combined with acupuncture can decreased the anxiety(SMD=-0.64,95%CI:[-0.98,-0.30],P<0.05;Moderate certainty)and depression(SMD=-0.68,95%CI:[-1.00,-0.32],P<0.05;Moderate certainty).Conclusion:Traditional Chinese FEM therapy combined with other treatments are effective in alleviating negative emotions among cancer patients.In order to better improve the quality of life of cancer patients and give more reliable advice,more trials of direct comparisons are needed to inform clinical decision-making with greater confidence.

一种改进的干涉仪-MUSIC联合测向算法

在无线电测向方法中,干涉仪测向算法和多重信号分类(MUSIC)测向算法较为成熟,广泛应用于众多领域,但各自都有一定的优缺点。文章结合两者优点,提出一种改进的干涉仪-MUSIC联合测向算法,该算法相比于传统的干涉仪测向法和MUSIC测向法具有更高的测向精度和运算速度。首先利用俯仰角切割划分的方法,减少了干涉仪测向法运算量,而后在干涉仪测向法误差分析的基础上,灵活选取MUSIC测向搜索范围,以此将干涉仪测向法和MUSIC测向法结合,提高测向精度和运算速度的同时,增强了算法鲁棒性和适用性。通过仿真分析,证实了所提算法的有效性。文章所提联合测向改进算法为无线电测向研究提供了技术参考。

格物于曲式,致知以分析——孟文涛教授《音乐结构与曲式分析》忆要

文章回忆孟文涛教授并及曲式教学的有关情况,从“新名、格物、致知、唯源”四方面,述及孟公《音乐结构与曲式分析》一书之要,包括其改革之思、拓深之举、创新之意、特色之处。文章认为该书有利曲式学和音乐分析学的发展进步。

久石让音乐作品的创作特色与审美分析

久石让音乐的Minimal Music与New Age Music创作风格,广受大众喜爱,令人陶醉,扣人心弦。他的影视配乐,在推动剧情与突出角色人物性格方面独树一帜。在此,特对其个人做配乐经历梳理,对其音乐作品做创作特色、乐器选用、特效音响创编以及审美主题的深入分析,以探讨其在影视配乐上的借鉴价值,为后续音乐领域研学者与创作者提供丰富的思路。

基于LDA-MURE模型的背景音乐自适应推荐方法

用户的情绪状态不同,需要的背景音乐也不同,因此提出基于LDA-MURE模型的背景音乐自适应推荐方法。提取背景音乐的音频特征和社会化标签,通过Fisher线性判别分析方法融合上述数据的特征,结合投影变换方法获得不同类别背景音乐的类内离散度和类间离散度。通过现代心理学分析人类情绪的节律周期变化,在此基础上判断用户当前的情绪状态。最后在LDA模型的基础上构建LDA-MURE模型,为用户推荐不同类别的背景音乐。实验结果表明,所提方法的MEA指标值较低、P@N指标值较高、用户满意度较高。

音乐治疗对阿尔茨海默病患者干预效果的Meta分析

背景阿尔茨海默病(AD)作为一种神经系统退行性疾病,发病率高,病情发展快,严重影响着患者的生活质量。近年来,音乐治疗干预AD的研究逐渐增多,但缺乏有效的系统评估与分析。目的对音乐治疗AD患者认知、情绪、生活能力、睡眠障碍等方面的干预效果进行Meta分析。方法计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台(Wanfang Data)、维普网(VIP)、Medline、Elsevier Science Direct、PubMed、Embase中关于音乐治疗方法对AD患者干预效果的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限为建库至2023年2月,采用RevMan5.3软件进行数据分析。结果研究纳入15篇RCT文献,共1077例患者。Meta分析结果显示:音乐干预组对AD患者认知功能(MD=4.35,95%CI=1.64~7.05,Z=3.15,P=0.002)、负性情绪(SMD=-0.71,95%CI=-1.26~-0.15,Z=2.51,P=0.01)、生活能力(SMD=-0.91,95%CI=-1.55~-0.27,Z=2.77,P=0.006)干预效果优于对照组;两组在睡眠障碍干预效果方面比较,差异无统计学意义(MD=-1.04,95%CI=-3.10~1.02,Z=0.99,P=0.32)。亚组分析结果显示,治疗周期<12周(P=0.01)、治疗时长<45min/次(P=0.02)、治疗频次≥3次/周(P<0.001)、实施方式为个体(P<0.001)、实施方式为个体+团体(P=0.002)、干预措施为接收式音乐治疗(P<0.001)的音乐干预组对认知功能的干预效果优于对照组。治疗周期≥12周(P=0.004)、治疗频次<3次/周(P=0.01)、实施方式为个体+团体(P=0.02)、干预措施为接收式音乐治疗(P=0.002)、干预措施为主动式音乐治疗(P=0.002)的音乐干预组对负面情绪的干预效果优于对照组。结论音乐治疗能够改善AD患者认知功能、精神状况,提升患者日常生活能力。但由于纳入研究质量不高,仍需要借助更多大样本、高质量的循证研究加以验证。

音乐疗法对儿童术后疼痛管理影响的Meta分析

目的系统评价音乐疗法对儿童术后疼痛管理的影响。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普资讯中文期刊服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Web of Science、Medline等数据库,收集有关音乐疗法对儿童术后疼痛管理的相关文献。对纳入文献进行筛选、资料提取和质量评价后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入9篇随机对照研究。Meta分析结果显示,与常规护理相比,采用音乐疗法的儿童疼痛行为评估量表评分、Wong-Baker面部表情疼痛量表评分、心率、收缩压更低(P<0.05),但两种护理方法在动脉血氧饱和度的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论音乐疗法可以缓解儿童术后疼痛,降低心率、收缩压,但对动脉血氧饱和度没有明显的改善作用。

基于噪声子空间分解MUSIC函数的谐波/间谐波检测算法

针对电力系统中存在的谐波和间谐波问题,提出了基于噪声子空间分解MUSIC(DNS-MUSIC)函数的谐波/间谐波检测方法。利用信号自相关矩阵的特征值分解理论,将信号的自相关矩阵分解为信号子空间和噪声子空间,利用2个子空间的正交性进一步分解噪声子空间,对其进行变换,构造出基于噪声子空间分解的特征多项式(DNS-MUSIC函数),求解该多项式得到信号基波和谐波频率预估计,结合消噪思想检测电力系统信号频率成分,然后利用扩展Prony法检测信号的幅值和相位。通过仿真实验与其他经典算法比较,结果证明了所提算法的可行性、高效性和稳定性。

基于实值MUSIC算法的电力谐波分析方法

现代谱估计方法逐渐被应用于电力谐波及间谐波的超分辨率检测与分析,其中的多重信号分类方法(MUSIC)算法最具代表性。然而,常规谱MUSIC算法在分析电力谐波时必须将实值信号转换为复频率信号,因而计算复杂度较高;此外,其伪频谱的峰值搜索过程也存在着类似栅栏效应,导致其频率分析精度有限。为了改善谱MUSIC算法对电力谐波的分析精度,本文基于子空间分析理论提出了针对实值周期信号的谱MUSIC频率检测方法,推导并给出了其伪谱函数的表达式。在此基础上,还利用Newton-Raphson算法对伪谱峰值进行迭代求精,进一步提高了谐波频率的估计精度。仿真结果表明:实值MUSIC伪谱更能有效区分真实谐波谱峰与噪声伪峰,同时本文方法的计算复杂度远远低于原有复值谱MUSIC算法,而频率估计精度与求根MUSIC算法接近,非常有利于电力谐波参数的准确获取。

基于MUSIC功率谱和CPNN的鸡蛋散黄无损检测方法

[目的]针对当前国内外对散黄鸡蛋较难无损检测的问题,对散黄鸡蛋的振动特性和无损检测方法进行了研究。[方法]通过对鸡蛋进行生理学解剖,据此进行ANSYS有限元分析;构建基于磁致伸缩振子扫频式振动的鸡蛋散黄检测系统,对采集的鸡蛋振动音频信号进行MUSIC(multiple signal classification)功率谱分析,再利用主成分分析法提取特征向量中的有用信息并构建基于对向传播神经网络(CPNN)的鸡蛋散黄检测模型。[结果]鸡蛋的ANSYS固液耦合有限元分析证明新鲜蛋与散黄蛋振动特性差异明显,为基于振动信息的鸡蛋散黄检测提供理论依据;基于磁致伸缩振子扫频式振动的鸡蛋散黄检测系统能有效增强鸡蛋振动信息,基于对向传播神经网络的鸡蛋散黄检测模型对300枚鸡蛋进行检测(训练集200枚,测试集100枚),结果新鲜蛋与散黄蛋的识别率分别达到98%和96%。[结论]新鲜蛋与散黄蛋振动存在差异,采用基于扫频振动式的MUSIC功率谱分析和对向传播神经网络的鸡蛋散黄检测是可行的。

术语学:从国际传统音乐学会的更名谈Ethno-艺术学/musicologies

就民族艺术学与艺术学的关系而言,如果前者的建设宗旨是“民族艺术本质特征、创—演的基本规律,艺术创造与展示的实践,逐步形成以艺术理论研究、创作实践、传承与传播等面向”,去掉前缀的“民族”则与一般艺术学讨论无异。如果“民族艺术”以依托音乐舞蹈学、设计学、美术学、艺术学理论与民族学、社会学、教育学、新闻传播交叉作为构建“民族艺术学”的路径,其艺术中的分科与艺术外的交叉,又会是“多张皮”还是“共同体”?核心在于对“民族艺术”而言,这些分类是主体的“文化—形成”(Culture-emerging),还是观察者—施与(Observer-imposed)?本文以民族音乐学为背景,以术语学为切入点,从国际传统音乐学会(International Council for Traditional Music,简称ICTM)的更名史及其研究范畴的变化,提供有关“民族艺术学”在理论范式或研究领域方面的参照。