The conversion of solar energy to produce clean hydrogen fuel through water splitting is an emerging strategy for efficiently storing solar energy in the form of solar fuel.This aligns with the increasing global deman...The conversion of solar energy to produce clean hydrogen fuel through water splitting is an emerging strategy for efficiently storing solar energy in the form of solar fuel.This aligns with the increasing global demand for the development of an ideal energy alternative to fossil fuels that does not emit greenhouse gases.Electrochemical(EC) and photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting technologies have garnered significant attention worldwide for advanced hydrogen solar fuel production in recent decades.To achieve sustainable green H_(2) production,it is essential to create efficient catalyst materials that are low-cost and can replace expensive noble metal-based catalysts.These characteristics make them an ideal catalyst material for the process.Two-dimensional MXenes with M_(n+1)X_(n) structure have been identified as a promising option for EC and PEC water splitting due to their superior hydrophilicity,metal-like conductivity,large surface area,and adjustable surface chemistry.Here,we present a summary of recent advancements in the synthesis and performance enhancement methods for MXene hybrid materials in hydrogen production through EC and PEC water splitting.Furthermore,we examine the challenges and insights associated with the rational design of MXene-based hybrid materials to facilitate efficient water splitting for sustainable solar fuel production.展开更多
为探究肥水EC值对竹芋生长发育的影响,确定最优肥水EC值,以竹芋为研究对象,通过交叉实验分析竹芋株高、冠幅和叶片数量对不同肥水EC值的响应,并确定了最佳肥水EC值,同时分析了达到最佳肥水EC值前与竹芋株高和冠幅之间的关系。结果表明,...为探究肥水EC值对竹芋生长发育的影响,确定最优肥水EC值,以竹芋为研究对象,通过交叉实验分析竹芋株高、冠幅和叶片数量对不同肥水EC值的响应,并确定了最佳肥水EC值,同时分析了达到最佳肥水EC值前与竹芋株高和冠幅之间的关系。结果表明,株高和冠幅均受肥水EC值的显著影响,而叶片数量则未见显著差异;经聚类分析,将不同肥水EC值划分为4类,其中,肥水EC值1.2 m S/cm为最佳肥水EC值,达到最佳肥水EC值前,竹芋的株高和冠幅均随肥水EC值的增加而增加,二者间呈线性正相关。展开更多
目的通过收集癌相关成纤维细胞(CAFs)的条件培养基,探索CAFs促进EC9706细胞能量代谢的分子机制。方法通过MTT检测细胞活性,以DMEM高糖培养基培养的EC9706作为对照,筛选最适合间接共培养的CAFs条件培养基(CAFM);比色法检测EC9706细胞上...目的通过收集癌相关成纤维细胞(CAFs)的条件培养基,探索CAFs促进EC9706细胞能量代谢的分子机制。方法通过MTT检测细胞活性,以DMEM高糖培养基培养的EC9706作为对照,筛选最适合间接共培养的CAFs条件培养基(CAFM);比色法检测EC9706细胞上清中乳酸及葡萄糖含量;Seahorse系统能量代谢分析系统检测EC9706细胞在DMEM与CAFM中能量代谢情况;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real time quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR)、蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测能量代谢相关分子mRNA及蛋白的表达。结果细胞融合度为50%-60%、70%-80%的CAFs条件培养基(CAFM)组与正常食管成纤维细胞条件培养基(NFM)相比,均有促进EC9706细胞增殖的作用(P<0.01),且在细胞融合度达70%-80%的CAFM各组中,与对照组相比,CAFM含量为60%时,对EC9706细胞的增殖作用显著升高(P<0.01)。与DMEM相比,CAFM可以上调EC9706细胞葡萄糖摄取、上清乳酸含量、基础呼吸值、基础糖酵解、补偿糖酵解(P<0.05),非线粒体耗氧、最大呼吸值、合成ATP耗氧量、备用呼吸能力(P<0.01)。RT-qPCR结果显示,CAFM还可上调EC9706细胞的低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、己糖激酶2(HK2)、单羧酸转运蛋白1(MCT1)(P<0.05),葡萄糖转运蛋白1(GLUT1)、丙酮酸激酶2(PKM2)(P<0.01)mRNA的表达。蛋白免疫印迹法结果显示,与DMEM相比,HK2、PKM2、MCT1、GLUT1的蛋白表达均显著提高(P<0.01)。结论CAFM能够通过促进EC9706细胞HK2、PKM2、HK2、GLUT1、MCT1、MCT4的mRNA和蛋白的表达,促进EC9706细胞的能量代谢。展开更多
基金the result of a research project conducted with the funds of the Open R&D program of Korea Electric Power Corporation (R23XO04)supported by the Technology Innovation Program funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea) (K_G012002238601)+2 种基金by “Regional Innovation Strategy (RIS)” through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (MOE) (2021RIS-002)by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2021M3I3A1082880)by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (No. 20224000000320)。
文摘The conversion of solar energy to produce clean hydrogen fuel through water splitting is an emerging strategy for efficiently storing solar energy in the form of solar fuel.This aligns with the increasing global demand for the development of an ideal energy alternative to fossil fuels that does not emit greenhouse gases.Electrochemical(EC) and photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting technologies have garnered significant attention worldwide for advanced hydrogen solar fuel production in recent decades.To achieve sustainable green H_(2) production,it is essential to create efficient catalyst materials that are low-cost and can replace expensive noble metal-based catalysts.These characteristics make them an ideal catalyst material for the process.Two-dimensional MXenes with M_(n+1)X_(n) structure have been identified as a promising option for EC and PEC water splitting due to their superior hydrophilicity,metal-like conductivity,large surface area,and adjustable surface chemistry.Here,we present a summary of recent advancements in the synthesis and performance enhancement methods for MXene hybrid materials in hydrogen production through EC and PEC water splitting.Furthermore,we examine the challenges and insights associated with the rational design of MXene-based hybrid materials to facilitate efficient water splitting for sustainable solar fuel production.
文摘为探究肥水EC值对竹芋生长发育的影响,确定最优肥水EC值,以竹芋为研究对象,通过交叉实验分析竹芋株高、冠幅和叶片数量对不同肥水EC值的响应,并确定了最佳肥水EC值,同时分析了达到最佳肥水EC值前与竹芋株高和冠幅之间的关系。结果表明,株高和冠幅均受肥水EC值的显著影响,而叶片数量则未见显著差异;经聚类分析,将不同肥水EC值划分为4类,其中,肥水EC值1.2 m S/cm为最佳肥水EC值,达到最佳肥水EC值前,竹芋的株高和冠幅均随肥水EC值的增加而增加,二者间呈线性正相关。
文摘目的通过收集癌相关成纤维细胞(CAFs)的条件培养基,探索CAFs促进EC9706细胞能量代谢的分子机制。方法通过MTT检测细胞活性,以DMEM高糖培养基培养的EC9706作为对照,筛选最适合间接共培养的CAFs条件培养基(CAFM);比色法检测EC9706细胞上清中乳酸及葡萄糖含量;Seahorse系统能量代谢分析系统检测EC9706细胞在DMEM与CAFM中能量代谢情况;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real time quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR)、蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测能量代谢相关分子mRNA及蛋白的表达。结果细胞融合度为50%-60%、70%-80%的CAFs条件培养基(CAFM)组与正常食管成纤维细胞条件培养基(NFM)相比,均有促进EC9706细胞增殖的作用(P<0.01),且在细胞融合度达70%-80%的CAFM各组中,与对照组相比,CAFM含量为60%时,对EC9706细胞的增殖作用显著升高(P<0.01)。与DMEM相比,CAFM可以上调EC9706细胞葡萄糖摄取、上清乳酸含量、基础呼吸值、基础糖酵解、补偿糖酵解(P<0.05),非线粒体耗氧、最大呼吸值、合成ATP耗氧量、备用呼吸能力(P<0.01)。RT-qPCR结果显示,CAFM还可上调EC9706细胞的低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、己糖激酶2(HK2)、单羧酸转运蛋白1(MCT1)(P<0.05),葡萄糖转运蛋白1(GLUT1)、丙酮酸激酶2(PKM2)(P<0.01)mRNA的表达。蛋白免疫印迹法结果显示,与DMEM相比,HK2、PKM2、MCT1、GLUT1的蛋白表达均显著提高(P<0.01)。结论CAFM能够通过促进EC9706细胞HK2、PKM2、HK2、GLUT1、MCT1、MCT4的mRNA和蛋白的表达,促进EC9706细胞的能量代谢。
