Evaluation of groundwater potential and eco-geological environment quality in Sanjiang Plain of Heilongjiang Province

Sanjiang Plain of Heilongjiang Province has become an important commodity grain base in our country after the construction of more than a century. Groundwater is the main water source for industrial and agricultural production and daily life in the area. With the large-scale development and construction in this area, there are a series of ecological and environmental geological problems, such as the reduction of groundwater resources, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of local agriculture and society as well as economy. Based on the characteristics of three-dimensional flowof groundwater in Sanjiang Plain, this paper adopts the simulation software Visual MODFLOW to evaluate groundwater exploitation potential. The results show that overall there is a certain exploitation potential of Sanjiang Plain groundwater but it is unevenly distributed, and overdraft phenomenon exists in seven farms such as Baoquanling and Chuangye. Based on analytic hierarchy process, the evaluation result of eco-geological environment quality in Sanjiang Plain shows that 94.5% of the region features good geological environment quality, medium stability and medium bearing capacity. The study can provide geological evidence for optimal allocation of water resources, land planning and regulation, and the high and stable yield of the commodity grain base in Sanjiang Plain.

Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Urban Traffic Environment Quality

In this paper, traffic environment quality assessment is achieved by applying fuzzy mathematics methods. Set up an assessment system, determine assessment criterion, formulate membership function, make program designs and conduct example analysis. The evaluation result is consistent with the real case. So that the method of the fuzzy evaluation is a good one for the environment quality assessment.

Evaluation of Ecological Environment Quality of Typical Forest Parks

Forest tourist areas have an excellent ecological environment,which is conducive to people's physical and mental health.In this study,Fuzhou National Forest Park and Wuying National Forest Park were selected as typical representatives of the southern and northern forest parks,respectively,which were compared by qualitative and quantitative research methods from such five aspects as air quality,climate quality,water environment quality,acoustic environment quality and biological population in some forest areas.The results showed that Fuzhou National Forest Park has a concentration of negative oxygen ions much higher than Wuying National Forest Park,and is thus more conducive to people's health;and it has the characteristics of warm and comfortable climate throughout the year and high biodiversity,but the noise is 4.35 db higher than Wuying National Forest Park,and the water quality is slightly poorer than that of Wuying National Forest Park.And its DO value is about 3.89 smaller in autumn than in summer.In Wuying National Forest Park,the concentration of negative oxygen ions is 53.6% lower than Fuzhou National Forest Park,but it is also above the national standard.The climate is only comfortable in June-August,and is colder or cooler in other months.The water quality is better than that of Fuzhou National Forest Park.In particular,the PH value is about 0.38 lower than that of Fuzhou National Forest Park.It has its own unique biological characteristics.The number of tourists in summer is higher,resulting in higher noise in summer than in autumn.The two forest parks in the north and the south are both good places for people to relax and enjoy.

Grey Clustering Evaluation on Regional Eco-environmental Quality Based on Normalized Index Value

[Objective] The aim was to assess regional eco-environmental quality by means of grey clustering method based on normalized index value. [Method] Eco-environmental quality in Chaohu basin was assessed by using grey clustering method based on normalized index value, and the evaluation results were compared with those of unascertained measure method to verify the feasibility of grey clustering method used to evaluate regional eco-environmental quality. [Result] In the grey clustering assessment method based on normalized index value, indices whose standard normalized values in the same grade were close to each other were classified into one class and had the same whitening function, which reduced the number of whitening functions. Grey clustering method based on normalized index value was used to assess eco-environmental quality in Chaohu basin, and the evaluation results were basically in accordance with those of unascertained measure method, namely eco-environmental quality in Hefei, Chaohu and Lu’an belonged to the third (pass), fourth (worse) and fifth grade (bad), except for one grade difference in overall basin, and the results showed that the method had practicality and could be applied to assess regional eco-environmental quality. [Conclusion] The study could provide theoretical foundation for the establishment of comprehensive management countermeasures of regional ecological environment.

Applying PP Model Based on RAGA in Water Environment Quality Evaluation

Projection Pursuit (PP) model is a technique of falling high dimension. Real coding based on Accelerating Genetic Algorithm (RAGA) is a method of optimum. Through combining the PP model and RAGA, the paper applies the model in the water environment quality evaluation. The writer takes the water quality evaluated indexes of each sample as projection direction and turns high dimension data into low dimension projection value. Thus, the writer achieves on evaluating the grade of water samples and its optimum order. Based on this, the writer overcomes the jamming of weights calculated on fuzzy synthesize judge and gray system valuation. The paper can provide a new thought for water environment quality evaluation and other falling high dimension and optimum issue.

Research on the Evaluation of Marine Environmental Quality by Using the GIS Technology

Based on the biological resources surveys in China’s exclusive economic zone, the paper discusses the application of the GIS technology in evaluating the marine environmental quality, establishes the basic concept and technological process for evaluating the environmental quality of the habitats of marine living resources, proposes the key points for the establishment of the relevant evaluation attributes database by applying the GIS technology and analyses several typical evaluation models and the data interpolation method for the model in GIS. Results show that the combination of the GIS technology with the quantitative evaluation model can be applied to the fast and accurate evaluation of the marine environmental quality.

Investigation and Evaluation on Water Environment Quality of Xiawan Reservoir and Its Adjacent Waters in Zhaoqing

Town Planning Board of Zhaoqing passed the Planning and Design of Xiawan Urban Wetland Park in Zhaoqing City in 2012,and Xiawan Reservoir,located at the junction of Duanzhou District and Dinghu District,would be built into a wetland park at that time.To understand water quality status near the wetland park,according to relevant requirements of the Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment:Surface Water Environment(HJ/T 2.3-93),the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB 3838-2002),and the Technical Specification for Environmental Monitoring issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration,Xiawan Reservoir,Houlichong and the Xijiang River were investigated,monitored and evaluated.

Quality Evaluation of Urban Pseudo Habitat Environments Based on the Degree of Public Praise from dianping.com:A Case Study of Liaoning Province

Due to the continuous development of information technology, people's perception of real life is more based on the information acquired on the real environment with the help of various media, rather than intuition. Based on priority evaluation data obtained from dianping.com(Liaoning Province), and the established criteria for assessing pseudo habitat environment quality, this study uses the entropy method to calculate and rank the comprehensive score of each merchant's word-of-mouth evaluation. It analyzes the spatial pattern and differentiation characteristics of pseudo environment quality, as well. Results show that:(1) The overall quality scores of the pseudo living environment in southern, central, and northern Liaoning are higher than those in eastern and western area. The pseudo habitat environment quality score of coastal cities is relatively higher than that of inland cities; and that of cities with high resource depletion is lower.(2) Parent-child activity, learning and training, and sports & health have significant impact, whereas hotels and peripheral tours have less impact on the pseudo habitat environment quality in Liaoning province. The overall pseudo habitat environment quality score of a city is inversely proportional to the total scores of various indicators in the city.(3) The spatial distribution of pseudo habitat quality in Liaoning Province shows a "saddle" structure. The spatial heterogeneity of the pseudo habitat environment in central and northern Liaoning areas is larger than that in eastern, western, and southern areas of Liaoning. The degree of quality of the pseudo habitat environment is proportional to the size of its spatial differentiation degree in total.

Evaluation on Soil Heavy Metal Pollution of Agricultural Habitat Environment in Xi'an City

[Objective] This study aimed to understand and grasp the soil heavy metal pollution status of agricultural habitat environment in Xi＇an City. [Method] The soil heavy metal pollution status of pollution-free agricultural products-producing areas in 9 counties （districts） of Xi＇an City was investigated. A total of 609 soil samples were collected, and their Cd, Hg, As, Pb and Cr contents were determined. In addition, the heavy metal pollution status of the collected soil samples was evaluated by Nemerow index method. [Result] The pollution in Baqiao, Chang＇an; Gaoling, Lan- tian, Lintong and Yanliang was of grade I, belonging to clean level; the pollution in Hu County, Weiyang and Zhouzhi was of grade II, near the warning line, belong to relatively clean level. There was no large-area soil heavy metal pollution overall. The investigated areas could be used as production bases of pollution-free agricultural products and even high-quality agricultural products. However, the heavy met- als contents in some individual areas exceeded relevant soil environmental quality standards, and they should be avoided or forbidden during regional planning and selection of production area. [Conclusion] Soil heavy metal pollution of agricultural habitat environment in Xi＇an City is generally at good status. Targeting at the future development plan of Xi＇an City, feasible and scientific suggestions are put forward.

Evaluation on Environment State of Breeding Area in Shuidong Bay by Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to develop a standard model to analyze and evaluate nearness degree of water environment quality at breeding area of Shuidong Bay in China.Results showed that certain environment contamination factors in some areas seriously exceeded the standard value and led to the whole water quality at the third class level.The measurements should be taken to promote the sustainable development of breeding area in Shuidong Bay.

Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality evaluation of shallow groundwater in Suxian mining area,Huaibei coalfield,China

The aim of this study is to evaluate the hydrogeochemical characteristics and water environmental quality of shallow groundwater in the Suxian mining area of Huaibei coalfield,China.The natural formation process of shallow groundwater in Suxian is explored using Piper trilinear charts and Gibbs diagrams,and by examining the ratios between the major ions.United States Salinity Laboratory(USSL)charts,Wilcox diagrams,and the water quality index(WQI)are further employed to quantify the differences in water quality.The results reveal that the main hydrochemical facies of groundwater are HC03-Ca,and that silicate dissolution is the main factor controlling the ion content in shallow groundwater.The USSL charts and Wilcox diagrams show that most of the water samples would be acceptable for use in irrigation systems.The WQI results for each water sample are compared and analyzed,and the quality of groundwater samples around collapse ponds is found to be relatively poor.

Characteristics and Evaluation of the High-Quality Source Rocks of Cretaceous Continental Shale Oil in Tonghua Basin, China

The presence of shale oil in the Cretaceous Hengtongshan Formation in the Tonghua Basin, drilled by the well TD-01, has been discussed in this geological investigation for the first time. To evaluate the high-quality source rocks of Cretaceous continental shale oil, the distribution characteristics and the evolution of the ancient environment, samples of shale were systematically analyzed in terms of sedimentary facies, organic geochemistry, and organic carbon isotopic composition. The results demonstrate that a TOC value of 1.5% represents the lower-limit TOC value of the high-quality source rocks. Source rocks have an aggregate thickness of 211 m and contain abundant organic matter, with TOC values of 2.69% on average and a maximum value over 5.44%. The original hydrocarbon-generative potential value(S_1+S_2) is between 0.18 mg/g and 6.13 mg/g, and the Ro is between 0.97% and 1.40%. The thermal maturation of the source rocks is relatively mature to highly mature. The δ^(13)C value range is between -34.75‰ and -26.53‰. The ratio of saturated hydrocarbons to aromatic hydrocarbons is 1.55 to 5.24, with an average of 2.85, which is greater than 1.6. The organic types are mainly type Ⅱ_1, followed by type Ⅰ. The organic carbon source was C_3 plants and hydrophytes. The paleoclimate of the Hengtongshan Formation can be characterized as hot and dry to humid, and these conditions were conducive to the development of high-quality source rocks. A favorable paleoenvironment and abundant organic carbon sources provide a solid hydrocarbon generation base for the formation and accumulation of oil and gas in the shale of the Tonghua Basin.

流域生态多尺度水环境质量评价模型及应用

为了全面评估流域生态多尺度水环境质量并探讨其应用,本文介绍了研究区的概况,构建了包括多个生态指标的流域生态多尺度水环境质量评价体系。通过评价指标的差异化检验、层次聚类分组以及水质标识指数计算与水质质量等级划分,本文构建了一个综合评价模型。通过对比研究区生态修复前后的水质数据,本文分析了修复措施对水环境质量的改善效果。研究结果表明,该评价模型能够准确反映流域水环境质量的整体状况。

在线异步联邦学习的客户优化选择与激励

联邦学习能够在保护用户隐私的前提下,使不同的客户端合作共同训练同一模型,如何激励高质量的客户端参与联邦学习是关键。在线联邦学习环境中,由于参与训练的客户端随机到达和离开,每轮参与报价的客户端动态变化,对客户端的在线质量评估与选择是一个难题。针对这一挑战提出了在线联邦学习激励算法,以优化在线客户端的选择和预算分配,提高预算约束下在线环境联邦学习的性能。该算法将预算按阶段划分并根据历史样本信息计算最优的质量密度阈值,其主要思想是对客户端模型质量进行动态评估,在此基础上采用质量阈值准入机制,同时对参与训练的客户端数量进行限制。从理论上证明了激励算法满足激励相容性、预算可行性和个体理性。实验结果表明,提出的在线激励算法在不同比例搭便车客户端的情况下都能有良好的性能,在预算充足且有搭便车和有误标标签的客户端情况下比已有方法在EMNIST-B和CIFAR-10两个数据集上分别提高约4%和10%。

基于两种评价方法的内蒙古哈素海水环境质量评价分析

为明确哈素海水质状况,推进内蒙古黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展,2021年夏季(7月)和秋季(10月),对哈素海六个监测点的水环境进行调查研究,并采用单因子评价法和模糊综合评价法分析其水环境质量和影响因素。结果表明,哈素海夏季单因子评价法各监测点水质为Ⅴ类及以上,秋季各监测点水质为Ⅳ类或Ⅴ类;哈素海夏季模糊综合评价法各监测点水质为Ⅴ类或以下,秋季各监测点水质为Ⅲ类或Ⅳ类;两种方法均表明哈素海秋季水质优于夏季。夏季后河进水口和东南湖区的水质较好,秋季黄河进水口的水质较差,且总氮、总磷是影响哈素海水质的主要因素。研究表明,单因子评价法和模糊综合评价法对哈素海水质类别评价有差异,模糊综合评价法得到的水质等级优于单因子评价法,但总体趋势基本一致,建议采用两种方法联合评价哈素海的水质。

晋中太谷县北部地区土壤质量地球化学评价

通过1250000多目标区域地球化学调查、取样和化验,获得了晋中太谷县北部地区表层土壤27项指标数据,研究其分布特征,并依据相关规范进行了土壤质量评价。结果表明,太谷县北部地区土壤养分主要以中等—缺乏为主,在整个研究区内占比为94.20%,土壤环境质量综合等级总体上为一等清洁。耕、园地的土壤质量较好,以优质的一等和良好的二等土壤为主,占各自土地类型面积的55.70%和50.84%,研究区内土壤质量总体较好,硒土壤适量区广泛分布,当地政府应合理引导当地居民进行富硒农产品的开发,创造更大的经济价值和社会效益。

基于遥感生态指数改进模型的祁连山国家公园生态环境质量变化

基于Google Earth Engine平台,以Landsat TM/OLI遥感影像为基础数据源,运用遥感生态指数(RSEI)改进模型研究祁连山国家公园1988-2020年的生态环境质量变化,引入地理探测器评判影响因子的贡献.结果表明,RSEI改进模型避免了特征向量方向的干扰,能更好地反映生态环境质量状况;近30多年来国家公园RSEI波动上升,表明其生态环境质量整体改善,空间上呈现“东高西低”分布格局,生态环境质量以无显著变化和改善为主,占比分别为70.13%、25.90%;轻微退化与显著退化占比分别为2.19%、1.78%,主要分布在国家公园西北肃北蒙古族自治县境内;森林和灌丛生态环境质量整体稳定改善,草地和荒漠以稳定为主;干度、热度、绿度是影响生态环境质量的关键因素,其交互作用均表现为双因子增强和非线性增强,交互作 用较强的因子组合主要是干度与热度、热度与绿度.

乡村振兴背景下宁夏县域乡村人居环境质量评价及空间分异

乡村振兴战略的实施为乡村人居环境建设提供了新的契机和助力,二者具有紧密的逻辑关联性。在乡村振兴视角下,以宁夏22县区为例,构建了由4个维度、20个指标组成的宁夏县域人居环境质量评价指标体系,并综合运用熵权法、人居环境质量综合评价指数,对乡村人居环境质量与空间格局进行了评价。结果表明:22县区人居环境质量差距较大,整体呈现“多核心”“北高南低”的空间分异特征。结合厘定的乡村人居环境的优质区、良好区、中等区和较差区4种乡村人居环境类型,提出了优化乡村人居环境的调控策略。

黄河流域(山东段)生态环境与农业耦合协调和高质量发展提升策略

运用熵权-TOPSIS法、耦合协调度模型评价黄河流域(山东段)23个区县2010年、2015年和2020年的生态环境与农业高质量发展耦合协调水平,并根据评价结果,从规划体系完善、区县级国土空间规划编制和机制体制建设3个方面提出黄河流域(山东段)生态环境与农业高质量发展规划提升策略。