Contribution of the MERISE-Type Conceptual Data Model to the Construction of Monitoring and Evaluation Indicators of the Effectiveness of Training in Relation to the Needs of the Labor Market in the Republic of Congo

This study proposes the use of the MERISE conceptual data model to create indicators for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of vocational training in the Republic of Congo. The importance of MERISE for structuring and analyzing data is underlined, as it enables the measurement of the adequacy between training and the needs of the labor market. The innovation of the study lies in the adaptation of the MERISE model to the local context, the development of innovative indicators, and the integration of a participatory approach including all relevant stakeholders. Contextual adaptation and local innovation: The study suggests adapting MERISE to the specific context of the Republic of Congo, considering the local particularities of the labor market. Development of innovative indicators and new measurement tools: It proposes creating indicators to assess skills matching and employer satisfaction, which are crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of vocational training. Participatory approach and inclusion of stakeholders: The study emphasizes actively involving training centers, employers, and recruitment agencies in the evaluation process. This participatory approach ensures that the perspectives of all stakeholders are considered, leading to more relevant and practical outcomes. Using the MERISE model allows for: • Rigorous data structuring, organization, and standardization: Clearly defining entities and relationships facilitates data organization and standardization, crucial for effective data analysis. • Facilitation of monitoring, analysis, and relevant indicators: Developing both quantitative and qualitative indicators helps measure the effectiveness of training in relation to the labor market, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation. • Improved communication and common language: By providing a common language for different stakeholders, MERISE enhances communication and collaboration, ensuring that all parties have a shared understanding. The study’s approach and contribution to existing research lie in: • Structured theoretical and practical framework and holistic approach: The study offers a structured framework for data collection and analysis, covering both quantitative and qualitative aspects, thus providing a comprehensive view of the training system. • Reproducible methodology and international comparison: The proposed methodology can be replicated in other contexts, facilitating international comparison and the adoption of best practices. • Extension of knowledge and new perspective: By integrating a participatory approach and developing indicators adapted to local needs, the study extends existing research and offers new perspectives on vocational training evaluation.

The role of drug utilization evaluation in medical sciences

Background:Drug utilization evaluation(DUE)is defined by the World Health Organization(WHO)and focuses on the medical,social,and economic consequences of pharmaceutical marketing,distribution,prescribing,and usage in society.The WHO recommends a physician to every 1000 people.According to the recent data from the Health Ministry in 2019,in which 1.16 million doctors are of active population with just 80%,or 0.9 million,practicing.As a result,a ratio of 0.68 doctors for every 1000 people,which is much below as per the WHO reports.This article describes history,types,WHO guidelines,need and purpose of DUE.Objective:The main aim of this paper is to provide information about the rational use of medication in outpa­tient and inpatient department with special emphasis of DUEs.It also provides awareness directly to healthcare professionals,researchers,academicians,pharmacist and nurses to reduce the irrationality of medicines.Methods:The method used to compile this review information gathered from websites,Google scholar,PubMed,Research gate,and studies published on DUE from July 20 to Oct 22 were included as source of information.Results:We studied more than 35 published study on DUE,that reveals most of the physicians prescribed branded drugs not generic drugs,but WHO prescribing indicator allows to prescribe generic drugs in the hospital pharmacy to maintain better inventory control.It may also help to prevent pharmacist misunderstanding during dispensing.Conclusion:The use of generic prescription names avoids the possibility of medication product duplication and lowers patient costs.It is important to remember that incorrect medication prescriptions have impact on both patients and their family members.WHO indicators identify irrational prescribing behaviours to make therapy more rational and cost-effective.

Evaluation of International Standards of Management of Communication and Information Technology (MCIT) in Khorasan Razavi Hospitals from the Perspective of Managers

The general goal of the management of communication and information technology (MCIT) in the health sector, is to accelerate collecting, achieving and supporting the health system processes, and effective decision-making for managing this system;because preparing and providing health care services for society is very complex, and highly dependent on the information system. The aim of this investigation is to determine the mean scores of the possibility of implementing the MCIT standards in Khorasan Razavi hospitals, from the perspective of managers. This was a cross sectional descriptive-analytic study conducted in two steps in all hospitals. In the first step, the applicability of the standards in hospitals was studied. In the second step, the current status of hospitals was compared with international standards MCIT. In order to determine the validity of the questionnaires, opinions of professors and experts were acquired. Regarding the reliability, the SPSS V. 12 calculated the value of Cronbach’s to be 0.95 for the first questionnaire and 0.86 for the second questionnaire. Data were analyzed using statistic tests of one way ANOVA and t-test. The level of significance was fixed at 0.5. In the 16 hospitals studied, the mean and standard deviation of MCIT were (57.25 ± 13.74). The MCIT standards are applicable in hospitals of Khorasan Razavi according to half (49.4%) of managers;nonetheless, their application requires greater efforts by the hospitals.

The Usefulness of the SMEs＇ Accounting Information

This study investigates the perceived usefulness of selected accounting information presented in the financial statements of small- and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. Mailed questionnaires were sent to SMEs＇ owner and loan officers in Malaysia. The findings show that the SMEs＇ owners and loan officers have substantially similar views on the usefulness of the accounting information. In addition, this study has found that the academic qualification and time spent in reading the financial statement have significant relationships with the SMEs＇ owners＇ perceptions on the usefulness of the SMEs＇ accounting information, whereas types of business organization, awareness about financial reporting regulation, and level of understanding of the financial statements do not. On the other hand, for the loan officers, accouting expertise, year in position, and awareness about the financial reporting regulation do not have a significant relationship with the loan officers＇ perceptions on the usefulness of the SMEs＇ accounting information. Meanwhile, experience in assessing SMEs＇ financial statements has a significantly negative relationship with the loan officers＇ perceptions on the usefulness of the SMEs＇ accounting information. The results of this study may enable the SMEs＇ managers to realize the informational needs of the users of their financial statements.

Suitability Evaluation on the Information Service System of "Agricultural Science and Technology 110" in Sichuan Province, China

Method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to carry out suitability evaluation on the information service system of "Agricultural Science and Technology 110" in Sichuan Province, China. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and expert consultation method are used to determine the evaluation index system and index weight. Suitability effect of the information service system of "Agricultural Science and Technology 110" is taken as the target layer. The five indices at criterion layer are the organizational mode of agricultural information service, the support system of agricultural information resources, the agricultural information transfer system, the capital source of agricultural information service, and the support system of agricultural information service. And the index layer includes the talent team of agent service, the interaction between the subject and object, the accuracy of agricultural information, the convenience of agricultural information transfer, the adequacy of fund, the efficiency in the use of fund, the status of information infrastructure and so on. Evaluation result shows that the information service system of "Agricultural Science and Technology 110" in Sichuan Province is suitable for the rural economic development at present. The major factors restricting the information service system are the lack of continuity, the weak infrastructure of agricultural information infrastructure, and the relatively low education level of agricultural producers. Therefore, we should further explore and improve the operation mechanism of agricultural information service, expand the capital source of agricultural information service, strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure, and ensure the continuous operation of information service system.

An intelligent prediction model of epidemic characters based on multi-feature

The epidemic characters of Omicron(e.g.large-scale transmission)are significantly different from the initial variants of COVID-19.The data generated by large-scale transmission is important to predict the trend of epidemic characters.However,the re-sults of current prediction models are inaccurate since they are not closely combined with the actual situation of Omicron transmission.In consequence,these inaccurate results have negative impacts on the process of the manufacturing and the service industry,for example,the production of masks and the recovery of the tourism industry.The authors have studied the epidemic characters in two ways,that is,investigation and prediction.First,a large amount of data is collected by utilising the Baidu index and conduct questionnaire survey concerning epidemic characters.Second,theβ-SEIDR model is established,where the population is classified as Susceptible,Exposed,Infected,Dead andβ-Recovered persons,to intelligently predict the epidemic characters of COVID-19.Note thatβ-Recovered persons denote that the Recovered persons may become Sus-ceptible persons with probabilityβ.The simulation results show that the model can accurately predict the epidemic characters.

Clinical Observation and Safety Evaluation of Zhuang Medicine Xiaoyan Zhiyang Formula for Dermatosis

[Objectives]To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Zhuang Medicine Xiaoyan Zhiyang Formula by retrospective analysis of clinical use.[Methods]A total of 225 cases were collected,including 117 males and 108 females,115 cases of contact dermatitis and 110 cases of acute eczema.Zhuang Medicine Xiaoyan Zhiyang Formula was administered to 225 patients with contact dermatitis and acute eczema and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.[Results]After one week of treatment,among 225 patients with contact dermatitis and acute eczema,76 cases were cured(33.78%),133 cases showed marked response(59.11%),16 cases(7.11%)were improved,0 case was ineffective,and the overall response rate was 92.89%.After one week of Zhuang Medicine Xiaoyan Zhiyang Formula treatment,the symptoms of itching,pain and swelling were significantly improved in all patients,and the rash was partially crusted without new symptom,and there were no complications and adverse reactions.[Conclusions]Zhuang Medicine Xiaoyan Zhiyang Formula therapy has a remarkable effect in the treatment of contact dermatitis and acute eczema.

Examining the Effectiveness of Virtual Training under the Kirkpatrick Model:A Post-COVID Study

Teaching and training through online tools were used by most Higher Education Institute(HEIs)worldwide during COVID-19 to cater to the needs of students who stay far away from educational institutions.After the pandemic,the virtual model of education and training became a trend.The students and teachers are also more used to this trend which is giving more opportunities to both learners and instructors.One of the notable benefits of virtual teaching and learning platform is that it provides a flexible environment to gain knowledge,skills,and attitude simultaneously along with formal off-line education.From the earlier studies it is found that the majority of studies have focused on traditional,offline training methods and only a few studies have focused on virtual training.Therefore,the present study examined the effectiveness of virtual training using the Kirkpatrick model.For this purpose,a research instrument based on the Kirkpatrick model was constructed and distributed among the UG and PG students in Mangalore City.A total of 143 responses were collected,of which 132 were completed responses and all of them were considered for analysis.Descriptive statistics and one sample t-test are employed to analyse and interpret the data.The findings revealed that virtual training is more effective compared to traditional and offline training methods.Henceforth,the training and education provided through virtual platforms made significant contributions to the employability of youngsters.

APPLICATION OF MAP AND FILE INFORMATIONVISUALIZATION SYSTEM TO COMPREHENSIVEDIVISION OF NATURAL DISASTERS- Takingthe ChangjiangValleg as an Example

ABSTRACT: This paper generalizes the makeup and forming dynamic mechanism of natural disaster systems, principles and methods of comprehensive division of natural disasters, as well as structure, function and up-build routes of map and file information visualization system (MFIVS). Taking the Changjiang(Yangtze) Valley as an example, on the basis of revealing up the integrated mechanism on the formations of its natural disasters and its distributing law, thereafter, the paper relies on the MFIVS technique, adopts two top-down and bottom-up approaches to study a comprehensive division of natural disasters. It is relatively objective and precise that the required division results include three natural disaster sections and nine natural disaster sub-sections, which can not only provide a scientific basis for utilizing natural resources and controlling natural disaster and environmental degradation, but also be illuminated to a concise, practical and effective technique on comprehensive division.

Discussion on the Index System of Intensive Land Use Evaluation in Development Area

The establishment of evaluation index system is the key to the evaluation of intensive land use.On the basis of expounding connotation,characteristics and the principle of establishing evaluation index system,and as for the problems existing in Evaluation Regulation(Trial)of Intensive Land Use in Development Area,regarding the evaluation index system of intensive land use in the development area,in the light of the connotation of intensive land use in development area,coupled with the practical situation of the land use in China's development area,after referring to the research achievements of domestic and abroad scholars,some suggestions are put forward in order to improve and perfect the evaluation index system of intensive land us in development area.

Ecological Safety Evaluation of Land Use in Ji'an City Based on the Principal Component Analysis

According to the ecological safety evaluation index data of land-use change in Ji'an City from 1999 to 2008,positive treatment on selected reverse indices is conducted by Reciprocal Method.Meanwhile,Index Method is used to standardize the selected indices,and Principal Component Analysis is applied by using year as a unit.FB is obtained,which is related with the ecological safety of land-use change from 1999 to 2008.According to the scientific,integrative,hierarchical,practical and dynamic principles,ecological safety evaluation index system of land-use change in Ji'an City is established.Principal Component Analysis and evaluation model are used to calculate four parameters,including the natural resources safety index of land use,the socio-economic safety indicators of land use,the eco-environmental safety index of land use,and the ecological safety degree of land use in Ji'an City.Result indicates that the ecological safety degree of land use in Ji'an City shows a slow upward trend as a whole.At the same time,ecological safety degree of land-use change is relatively low in Ji'an City with the safety value of 0.645,which is at a weak safety zone and needs further monitoring and maintenance.

Evaluation of the Economical and Intensive Use of Industrial Land in Chizhou Economic and Technological Development Zone

Based on the subdivision of industrial land in Chizhou Economic and Technological Development Zone,this paper builds the evaluation indicator system for the economical and intensive use of industrial land in the development zone,to analyze the current situation of economical and intensive use of industrial land. The results show that the levels of economical and intensive use of industrial land vary in the development zone; the factors affecting the intensive degree of various industries also vary; the industry in Chizhou Economic and Technological Development Zone is still in the transition phase from inefficient use to low level of use to intensive use.

Evaluation Model for Capability of Enterprise Agent Coalition Based on Information Fusion and Attribute Reduction

For the issue of evaluation of capability of enterprise agent coalition,an evaluation model based on information fusion and entropy weighting method is presented. The attribute reduction method is utilized to reduce indicators of the capability according to the theory of rough set. The new indicator system can be determined. Attribute reduction can also reduce the workload and remove the redundant information,when there are too many indicators or the indicators have strong correlation. The research complexity can be reduced and the efficiency can be improved. Entropy weighting method is used to determine the weights of the remaining indicators,and the importance of indicators is analyzed. The information fusion model based on nearest neighbor method is developed and utilized to evaluate the capability of multiple agent coalitions,compared to cloud evaluation model and D-S evidence method. Simulation results are reasonable and with obvious distinction. Thus they verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the model. The information fusion model can provide more scientific,rational decision support for choosing the best agent coalition,and provide innovative steps for the evaluation process of capability of agent coalitions.

Empirical Study of the Usage of Mobile Information Service in Rural Area Base on the UTAUT Model

Based on the UTAUT model,this article introduces three variables including perceived cost,information quality and hedonic motives,and using the level of education as a moderator variable,to build an acceptance model of mobile information service system in rural area.Based on the household survey obtaining firsthand data of 961 farmers in Jiangsu Province,the study tests the improved UTAUT model by using Amos22.0 software.The results show that compared with the original UTAUT model,improved UTAUT model willingness to accept the explanatory power get further increase(from 49.0%to 61.9%).Performance expectations,social impact,information quality have significant positive influence on accepting intend,hedonic motives have a significant negative impact to accept in-tend,convenient conditions directly affect the use of behavior;gender and level of education has a regulating effect to accept intention.Through further grouping path analysis,the result shows that hedonic motives have broader impacts for women farmers accept mobile information services.Compared with other groups,only farmers with primary education are easily afected by others,and farmers with college education or above are more easily afectede by information quality.Finally,this paper explains the results and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions accordingly.

Evaluation of the Effects of Cypermethrin on Female Reproductive Function by Using Rabbit Model and of the Protective Role of Chinese Propolis

The prophylactic effects of Chinese propolis against cypermethrin toxicity were evaluated by performing ovary and uterus histopathology, as well as by characterizing ovarian function, embryos, and litters. Cypermethrin induced atypia in the ovary and uterus, and decreased the ovulation sites and the number of embryos. Cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress during pregnancy, decreased the parturition rate as well as the number and weight of offspring and increased the incidence of morphological malformations in the offspring. Administration of propolis to cypermethrin-treated animals mitigated cypermethrin-induced reproductive toxicity.

The clinical rehabilitation of spine and spinal cord disorders: detection and evaluation using SPECT/CT

Spine-related disorders are caused by several factors including （1） spinal nerve/visceral nerve stimulation by perivertebral aseptic inflammation, （2） spinal nerve/visceral nerve compression by injured periverterbal soft tissue, dislocated perivertebral small joint, and proliferative/degenerative tissue and, （3） secondary damage to the spinal cord, peripheral nerve, vessels and autonomic nerve, which further stimulate nerve root sheath and surround- ing pain-carrying nerve fibers. In many cases, the source of pain cannot be detected by standard image modalities. Particularly in anatomically complex regions like the spine, SPECT/CT can be helpful for some aspects by intro- ducing a metabolical dimension to the classical way of morphology-based diagnostic. The aim of the present review was to give an overview of the adoption of SPECT/CT in a clinical spine-focused setting.

Evaluation of the Protégé^(TM) stent in the treatment of carotid artery stenosis with adjunctive use of a filter Embolic Protection Device (PROCAR)-one-month follow-up data on 77 patients

Objective The trial was designed to evaluate the safety and performance of the ev3 Protégé TM stent in the treatment of de novo or re-stenotic common and/or internal carotid artery stenoses with adjunctive use of a CE-marked filter embolic protection device.Methods This study was a prospective multi-center, single-arm trial. Between June and October 2003, 77 patients were enrolled in 8 investigational centers throughout Europe. The primary endpoint was the incidence of Major Neurological Events (MANE) through one month. Other endpoints were the ability to properly place the stent, and primary patency and MANE after six months. Eligible for the study were patients with a de novo or restenotic target lesion located in the common and/or internal carotid artery (>70% stenosis for asymptomatic and >50% stenosis for symptomatic patients). The ev3 Spider (Embolic Protection Filter was used in 75 of 77 cases. Results In 76 out of the 77 patients (99%), the stent could be successfully implanted with a residual stenosis ≤30% as criterion. Of the 74 patients that had a carotid ultrasound at one month follow-up, none had a re-stenosis of the target lesion. There were three MANEs during or immediately after the procedure (3.9%), two were major and one was a minor stroke. There were eight severe complications (9.1%); six of these happened during or immediately after the procedure and were related to the procedure, none was related to the device. They are resolved without sequelae. No deaths have occurred.Conclusions The Protégé stent is safe and performs well in the treatment of carotid artery stenosis. The technical success rate for placement of the Protégé stent as assessed by the residual stenosis post implant was very high and all stents were successfully deployed. The incidence of MANE was comparable with that in other recent carotid stent studies and still lower than standard CEA.

Construction of an evaluation system for information openness of local governments

Evaluating government openness is important in monitoring government performance and promoting government transparency. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an evaluation system for information openness of local governments. In order to select evaluation indicators, we conducted a content analysis on current evaluation systems constructed by researchers and local governments and the materials of a case study on a local government. This evaluation system is composed of 5 first-tier indicators, 30 secondtier indicators and 69 third-tier indicators. Then Delphi Method and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) Method are adopted to determine the weight of each indicator. At last, the practicability of the system is tested by an evaluation of the local government of Tianjin Binhai New Area, which has been undergoing administrative reform and attempting to reinvent itself in the past 5 years.

A comparative analysis of information literacy curriculum standards in the educational programs of high schools in China and in the United States

Our study aims to take a closer look at China's current information literacy(IL) program standards at secondary schools and to analyze their level of success and/or failures in a comparative way with those of the United States in terms of fulfilling their each other's mission-oriented mandates. Our research findings show that China's current IL standards of high schools contain a disproportionate emphasis on information technology(IT). Moreover, the stipulations of these IL standards are narrowly construed and without being solidly grounded on a broad and comprehensive educational perspective. We also suggest that there are two underlying causes for this set of unsound IL standards in China.Firstly, there is a lack of collaboration between two major competing forces engaged in the curricular development and research of IL in China: Those professionals in educational IT discipline vis-à-vis those in Library and Information Science. Secondly, library professionals have a very limited influence on major socio-cultural policies, even at their own institutions. As a result, this paper recommends the following three possible measures,which may help remedy this situation strategically: 1) Establishing a set of new IL curriculum standards based on an IL-centered educational perspective; 2) establishing a teacher-librarian's training program to promote school librarians' role in IL education; and 3) strengthening the research and development of an online IL education program and an accompanied evaluation mechanism.

The Application of Fuzzy Evaluation based on GIS in Tianjin Urban Underground Space Resource Appraisal

The exploitation and utilization of the city underground space resource is the important approach of building tri-dimensional and ecological cities, solving the environment,resource,and population crisis and continuing cities development.This article, based on the introduction in detail the overview of regional geology,hydrogeologic condition,engineering geology,environmental geology,etc.in center city of Tianjin,establishes evaluating model of urban underground space resource based on GIS