Zn-Mg alloy coatings were obtained by physical vapor deposition (PVD) on electroplated steel sheets. Study on the formation of intermetallic phases in the coatings was conducted through the use of X-ray diffraction ...Zn-Mg alloy coatings were obtained by physical vapor deposition (PVD) on electroplated steel sheets. Study on the formation of intermetallic phases in the coatings was conducted through the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD) ,scanning electron microscope (SEM) and glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GDOES). It is found that MgZn2 is the main Zn-Mg alloy phase formed after heat treatment. The formation of Mg-Zn intermetallic phases is controlled not only by thermodynamics, but also by kinetics. MgZn2 has different morphologies, such as laminar structure,porous structure and floc-like structure,which are mainly determined by the annealing temperature. Obvious diffusion of Mg starts at 350 ℃, and the diffusion of iron increases significantly when the temperature is elevated to 380℃.展开更多
A fast-growing procedure(FGP) to fabricate perovskite films with large grain sizes is described in this article. In the FGP method, the perovskite precursor solution is coated onto the substrates at a temperature of...A fast-growing procedure(FGP) to fabricate perovskite films with large grain sizes is described in this article. In the FGP method, the perovskite precursor solution is coated onto the substrates at a temperature of 240 8C. The solvent in the precursor solution evaporates quickly in about 2 s, resulting in the rapid formation of a perovskite film without further annealing process. Millimeter-scale perovskite grain clusters are obtained in the film. Based on such perovskite films, fabricated planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells give a power conversion efficiency(PCE) above 8%.展开更多
文摘Zn-Mg alloy coatings were obtained by physical vapor deposition (PVD) on electroplated steel sheets. Study on the formation of intermetallic phases in the coatings was conducted through the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD) ,scanning electron microscope (SEM) and glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GDOES). It is found that MgZn2 is the main Zn-Mg alloy phase formed after heat treatment. The formation of Mg-Zn intermetallic phases is controlled not only by thermodynamics, but also by kinetics. MgZn2 has different morphologies, such as laminar structure,porous structure and floc-like structure,which are mainly determined by the annealing temperature. Obvious diffusion of Mg starts at 350 ℃, and the diffusion of iron increases significantly when the temperature is elevated to 380℃.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61377025,91433203,11121091)the 973 Program of China(No.2015CB932203)
文摘A fast-growing procedure(FGP) to fabricate perovskite films with large grain sizes is described in this article. In the FGP method, the perovskite precursor solution is coated onto the substrates at a temperature of 240 8C. The solvent in the precursor solution evaporates quickly in about 2 s, resulting in the rapid formation of a perovskite film without further annealing process. Millimeter-scale perovskite grain clusters are obtained in the film. Based on such perovskite films, fabricated planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells give a power conversion efficiency(PCE) above 8%.