Due to its lower risk of consequences when compared to a radical approach, focal treatment is a viable and minimally invasive option for treating specific localized prostate cancer. Although several recent good nonran...Due to its lower risk of consequences when compared to a radical approach, focal treatment is a viable and minimally invasive option for treating specific localized prostate cancer. Although several recent good nonrandomized trials have suggested that focused therapy may be an alternative choice for some patients, additional high-quality evidence is needed before it can be made widely available as a conventional treatment. As a result, we have summarized the most recent findings from the 38th Annual European Association of Urology Congress, one of the most renowned annual conferences in the area of urology, regarding focal ablation therapy for patients with localized prostate cancer. Additionally, we also provided clinical trials in progress for researchers to better understand the current research status of this field.展开更多
Intraocular lens (IOLs) implants are synthetic lenses used to replace the natural lens of the eye and obtain optical reha- bilitation. The materials and methods of IOLs fabrication have been correlated with postoperat...Intraocular lens (IOLs) implants are synthetic lenses used to replace the natural lens of the eye and obtain optical reha- bilitation. The materials and methods of IOLs fabrication have been correlated with postoperative complications such as diffractive aberrations, capsular opacification or discoloration. Thus, several new materials and patterns are studied for the formation and etching of intraocular lenses (IOLs). In our work, we studied the use of UV laser as an alternative method to conventional surface shaping techniques for IOLs etching. Ablation experiments were conducted on hydrophobic acrylic IOLs by a commercial excimer laser system used in photorefractive surgery. The morphology of the irradiated area was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a mathematical algorithm was used for SEM image processing. The effect of IOLs exposure to UV light before excimer laser irradiation was also examined, since natural ageing and cross-linking of IOLs material were reported. Conical structures were revealed after UV laser ablation and their population was increased with the number of laser pulses. Period distribution of cones was measured with the combination of image processing and a scanning algorithm which was developed for this reason. According to the graphs, the mean period and the distribution of the cones was depending of the number of irradiation pulses and the exposure to UV lamp before laser irradiation. Although a photochemical and a theoretically smooth-surface ablation mechanism is considered for the UV excimer laser interaction with polymers, surface conical-like abnormalities and thermal degradation of the lenses materials was observed.展开更多
Prostate cancer(PCa)is the second-most common cancer among men.Both active surveillance or watchful waiting(AS/WW)and focal laser ablation(FLA)can avoid the complications caused by radical treatment.How to make the ch...Prostate cancer(PCa)is the second-most common cancer among men.Both active surveillance or watchful waiting(AS/WW)and focal laser ablation(FLA)can avoid the complications caused by radical treatment.How to make the choice between these options in clinical practice needs further study.Therefore,this study aims to compare and analyze their effects based on overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)to obtain better long-term benefits.We included patients with low-risk PCa from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database of 2010–2016.Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses were conducted for OS and CSS in the two groups.To eliminate bias,this study applied a series of sensitivity analyses.Moreover,Kaplan–Meier curves were plotted to obtain survival status.A total of 18841 patients with low-risk PCa were included,with a median of 36-month follow-up.According to the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression,the FLA group presented inferior survival benefits in OS than the AS/WW group(hazard ratio[HR]:2.13,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.37–3.33,P<0.05).After adjusting for confounders,the result persisted(HR:1.69,95%CI:1.02–2.81,P<0.05).According to the results of the sensitivity analysis,the inverse probability of the treatment weighing model indicated the same result in OS.In conclusion,AS/WW and FLA have the advantage of fewer side effects and the benefit of avoiding overtreatment compared with standard treatment.Our study suggested that AS/WW provides more survival benefits for patients with low-risk PCa.More relevant researches and data will be needed for further clarity.展开更多
The ablation of sintered silicon carbide ceramics by an ArF excimer laser was studied. Three zones are generated： the ablation zone that presented molten morphology and was composed by the Si and C phase; the condens...The ablation of sintered silicon carbide ceramics by an ArF excimer laser was studied. Three zones are generated： the ablation zone that presented molten morphology and was composed by the Si and C phase; the condensation zone formed by vaporized SiC; and the oxidation zone that showed the characteristics of thermal oxidation. The ablation depth and oxidation range increase linearly with fluence and pulses within 0.5-4 J/cm2, but the normalized ablation efficiency is constant （3.60± 0.60 μm · mm2/J）. The theoretical photochemical ablation depth supplies 25% of the total depth at 1 J/cm2 but decreases to 16% at 4 J/cm2. The ablation is dominated by the photothermal effect and conforms to the thermal evaporation mechanism.展开更多
Ablation experiments of A950 Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP), as a kind of typical matrix of fibre reinforced polymer composites, are carried out in this paper. Data on the ablation of A950 LCP by excimer laser at 24...Ablation experiments of A950 Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP), as a kind of typical matrix of fibre reinforced polymer composites, are carried out in this paper. Data on the ablation of A950 LCP by excimer laser at 248 nm are presented. The experimental results show that the ablation depth is a linear function of the number of pulse at constant laser fluence, The ablation rate varies with the logorithm of the fluence in a linear manner at different fluences. A satisfactory linear relationship is found between ablation energy and incident fluence. Perhaps due to the plume absorption and thermal effect, the ablation rate varies complicatedly with pulse repetition frequency.展开更多
This paper explores the advancement and application of high-power blue diode lasers in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Addressing the challenges posed by existing techniques,the study focuses on optimizing ...This paper explores the advancement and application of high-power blue diode lasers in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Addressing the challenges posed by existing techniques,the study focuses on optimizing tissue removal methods.Energy platform for BPH should balance a range of factors,such as operative time,patient conditions,urinary functions,complications,durability,accessibility,and cost,all while prioritizing patient care.Blueray Medical's innovation of high-power blue diode laser systems for BPH surgery is explored,with emphasis on achieving a balance among these considerations.By illustrating the biomedical effects of lasers and their interaction with soft tissues,particularly emphasizing the role of photon absorption by biomolecules and proteins in tissue behavior,this study outlines the advantages of the highpower blue diode laser system.The initial laboratory experiments and clinical results consistently align with our theoretical predictions,especially in terms of tissue vaporization efficiency,tissue coagulation,and bleeding control.In conclusion,blue diode lasers hold potential to enhance surgical outcomes for BPH.Their unique properties offer benefits like improved tissue removal rate and reduced thermal damages.Integrating blue laser technology into BPH protocols could lead to shorter hospital stays,cost savings,and expanded patient eligibility,although rigorous clinical studies are needed to fully understand their benefits and limitations.展开更多
目的：探讨前列腺汽化电切（TUVP）和U100双频双脉冲激光同期治疗前列腺增生合并膀胱结石的疗效及安全性。方法：总结43例前列腺增生合并膀胱结石患者,应用U100双频双脉冲激光经尿道膀胱镜粉碎膀胱结石并同期行TUVP的临床资料。结果：4...目的：探讨前列腺汽化电切（TUVP）和U100双频双脉冲激光同期治疗前列腺增生合并膀胱结石的疗效及安全性。方法：总结43例前列腺增生合并膀胱结石患者,应用U100双频双脉冲激光经尿道膀胱镜粉碎膀胱结石并同期行TUVP的临床资料。结果：43例患者中,有41例膀胱结石一次碎石成功,2例胱氨酸结石术中辅助碎石钳碎石,碎石后行TUVP。所有患者均一次性治疗成功,无膀胱结石残留、膀胱穿孔及水中毒发生,平均手术时间75.7 m in（51～140 m in）,切除前列腺质量40.2 g（20～180 g）,术后平均拔除尿管时间6 d（5～7 d）。所有患者术后均排尿通畅,无尿失禁。结论：TUVP和U100双频双脉冲激光同期治疗前列腺增生并膀胱结石是一种安全有效的治疗方法,具有损伤小、结石清除率高、并发症少等优点。展开更多
基金supported by the Luzhou City Science and Technology Bureau (No.2020LZXNYDJ10 and 2020LZXNYDJ14)Cooperation Project between the Second People’s Hospital of Deyang and Southwest Medical University (No.2022DYEXNYD002)。
文摘Due to its lower risk of consequences when compared to a radical approach, focal treatment is a viable and minimally invasive option for treating specific localized prostate cancer. Although several recent good nonrandomized trials have suggested that focused therapy may be an alternative choice for some patients, additional high-quality evidence is needed before it can be made widely available as a conventional treatment. As a result, we have summarized the most recent findings from the 38th Annual European Association of Urology Congress, one of the most renowned annual conferences in the area of urology, regarding focal ablation therapy for patients with localized prostate cancer. Additionally, we also provided clinical trials in progress for researchers to better understand the current research status of this field.
文摘Intraocular lens (IOLs) implants are synthetic lenses used to replace the natural lens of the eye and obtain optical reha- bilitation. The materials and methods of IOLs fabrication have been correlated with postoperative complications such as diffractive aberrations, capsular opacification or discoloration. Thus, several new materials and patterns are studied for the formation and etching of intraocular lenses (IOLs). In our work, we studied the use of UV laser as an alternative method to conventional surface shaping techniques for IOLs etching. Ablation experiments were conducted on hydrophobic acrylic IOLs by a commercial excimer laser system used in photorefractive surgery. The morphology of the irradiated area was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a mathematical algorithm was used for SEM image processing. The effect of IOLs exposure to UV light before excimer laser irradiation was also examined, since natural ageing and cross-linking of IOLs material were reported. Conical structures were revealed after UV laser ablation and their population was increased with the number of laser pulses. Period distribution of cones was measured with the combination of image processing and a scanning algorithm which was developed for this reason. According to the graphs, the mean period and the distribution of the cones was depending of the number of irradiation pulses and the exposure to UV lamp before laser irradiation. Although a photochemical and a theoretically smooth-surface ablation mechanism is considered for the UV excimer laser interaction with polymers, surface conical-like abnormalities and thermal degradation of the lenses materials was observed.
文摘Prostate cancer(PCa)is the second-most common cancer among men.Both active surveillance or watchful waiting(AS/WW)and focal laser ablation(FLA)can avoid the complications caused by radical treatment.How to make the choice between these options in clinical practice needs further study.Therefore,this study aims to compare and analyze their effects based on overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)to obtain better long-term benefits.We included patients with low-risk PCa from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database of 2010–2016.Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses were conducted for OS and CSS in the two groups.To eliminate bias,this study applied a series of sensitivity analyses.Moreover,Kaplan–Meier curves were plotted to obtain survival status.A total of 18841 patients with low-risk PCa were included,with a median of 36-month follow-up.According to the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression,the FLA group presented inferior survival benefits in OS than the AS/WW group(hazard ratio[HR]:2.13,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.37–3.33,P<0.05).After adjusting for confounders,the result persisted(HR:1.69,95%CI:1.02–2.81,P<0.05).According to the results of the sensitivity analysis,the inverse probability of the treatment weighing model indicated the same result in OS.In conclusion,AS/WW and FLA have the advantage of fewer side effects and the benefit of avoiding overtreatment compared with standard treatment.Our study suggested that AS/WW provides more survival benefits for patients with low-risk PCa.More relevant researches and data will be needed for further clarity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61705235)the Innovation Project of the Academy of Opto-Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y70B03A12Y)
文摘The ablation of sintered silicon carbide ceramics by an ArF excimer laser was studied. Three zones are generated： the ablation zone that presented molten morphology and was composed by the Si and C phase; the condensation zone formed by vaporized SiC; and the oxidation zone that showed the characteristics of thermal oxidation. The ablation depth and oxidation range increase linearly with fluence and pulses within 0.5-4 J/cm2, but the normalized ablation efficiency is constant （3.60± 0.60 μm · mm2/J）. The theoretical photochemical ablation depth supplies 25% of the total depth at 1 J/cm2 but decreases to 16% at 4 J/cm2. The ablation is dominated by the photothermal effect and conforms to the thermal evaporation mechanism.
文摘Ablation experiments of A950 Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP), as a kind of typical matrix of fibre reinforced polymer composites, are carried out in this paper. Data on the ablation of A950 LCP by excimer laser at 248 nm are presented. The experimental results show that the ablation depth is a linear function of the number of pulse at constant laser fluence, The ablation rate varies with the logorithm of the fluence in a linear manner at different fluences. A satisfactory linear relationship is found between ablation energy and incident fluence. Perhaps due to the plume absorption and thermal effect, the ablation rate varies complicatedly with pulse repetition frequency.
基金partially funded by Blueray Medicalpartially funded by China's National Key R&D Programs(NKPs)“Digital Diagnostic and Treatment Equipment”under 2019YFC0121500Shaanxi“Key Industry Innovation Chain-Social Development”under 2018ZDXM-SF-072.
文摘This paper explores the advancement and application of high-power blue diode lasers in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Addressing the challenges posed by existing techniques,the study focuses on optimizing tissue removal methods.Energy platform for BPH should balance a range of factors,such as operative time,patient conditions,urinary functions,complications,durability,accessibility,and cost,all while prioritizing patient care.Blueray Medical's innovation of high-power blue diode laser systems for BPH surgery is explored,with emphasis on achieving a balance among these considerations.By illustrating the biomedical effects of lasers and their interaction with soft tissues,particularly emphasizing the role of photon absorption by biomolecules and proteins in tissue behavior,this study outlines the advantages of the highpower blue diode laser system.The initial laboratory experiments and clinical results consistently align with our theoretical predictions,especially in terms of tissue vaporization efficiency,tissue coagulation,and bleeding control.In conclusion,blue diode lasers hold potential to enhance surgical outcomes for BPH.Their unique properties offer benefits like improved tissue removal rate and reduced thermal damages.Integrating blue laser technology into BPH protocols could lead to shorter hospital stays,cost savings,and expanded patient eligibility,although rigorous clinical studies are needed to fully understand their benefits and limitations.
文摘目的：探讨前列腺汽化电切（TUVP）和U100双频双脉冲激光同期治疗前列腺增生合并膀胱结石的疗效及安全性。方法：总结43例前列腺增生合并膀胱结石患者,应用U100双频双脉冲激光经尿道膀胱镜粉碎膀胱结石并同期行TUVP的临床资料。结果：43例患者中,有41例膀胱结石一次碎石成功,2例胱氨酸结石术中辅助碎石钳碎石,碎石后行TUVP。所有患者均一次性治疗成功,无膀胱结石残留、膀胱穿孔及水中毒发生,平均手术时间75.7 m in（51～140 m in）,切除前列腺质量40.2 g（20～180 g）,术后平均拔除尿管时间6 d（5～7 d）。所有患者术后均排尿通畅,无尿失禁。结论：TUVP和U100双频双脉冲激光同期治疗前列腺增生并膀胱结石是一种安全有效的治疗方法,具有损伤小、结石清除率高、并发症少等优点。
