The present report evaluates the effects of formaldehyde (FA) exposure on peripheral lymphocytes by using heth genetic and immunological parameters. Twenty-three non-smoking students in the study had inhalation exposu...The present report evaluates the effects of formaldehyde (FA) exposure on peripheral lymphocytes by using heth genetic and immunological parameters. Twenty-three non-smoking students in the study had inhalation exposure to 0.508 ±0. 299 mg/m3 of FA for a Period of 8 weeks (3h × 3 times each week) during anatomy classes. As for composition of lymphocyte subsets after FA exposare,significant increase was found in the percentage of CD19(B cells), while sighficant decrease was observed in CD3(total T cells), CD4(T helper-inducer cells), and CD8(T cytotoxic-suppressior cells) with a P<0 .01. Increase in the ratio of T-helper-inducer cells to T-cytotoxic-suppressor cells (T4 / T8) was also observed with statistical sighcance after exposure (P < 0.001). In the meanwhile,no significant difference (P > 0 .05) was reported between lymphocyte prolifendion rate and sisterchromatid exchange (SCE) at the exposure level and duration. It is suggested that the lymphocyte subsets may be most susceptible to the effects of FA, though a single immunological endpoint is rarely related with pathophysiological interpretation.展开更多
目的探讨甲醛对性成熟期雄性大鼠生殖的影响及其作用机制。方法选用性成熟期健康SD雄性大鼠40只,随机分为甲醛染毒高(10 m g/kg.d)、中(1 m g/kg.d)、低(0.1 m g/kg.d)剂量和对照组4组。腹腔注射染毒14 d后观察睾丸重量和形态学改变,精...目的探讨甲醛对性成熟期雄性大鼠生殖的影响及其作用机制。方法选用性成熟期健康SD雄性大鼠40只,随机分为甲醛染毒高(10 m g/kg.d)、中(1 m g/kg.d)、低(0.1 m g/kg.d)剂量和对照组4组。腹腔注射染毒14 d后观察睾丸重量和形态学改变,精子数量和质量改变,血液中激素含量的改变;利用原位缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)检测睾丸细胞的凋亡;免疫组化方法检测睾丸F as基因的表达。结果①高剂量染毒组大鼠睾丸组织的质量明显低于对照组(P<0.05),中、高剂量染毒组睾丸曲细精管萎缩,生精上皮细胞层数减少,细胞排列紊乱;②中、高剂量染毒组大鼠精子的数量和精子活动度较对照组明显减少,精子畸形率明显增加(P<0.05);③染毒组与对照组相比,血清卵泡刺激素和黄体生成素含量轻度增高,而睾酮含量轻度下降,但差异没有统计学意义;④中、高剂量染毒组睾丸凋亡细胞较对照组明显增多(P<0.05),F as基因表达明显增加(P<0.05),且F as基因阳性表达与睾丸的凋亡指数呈正相关(r=0.8832,P<0.05)。结论甲醛对性成熟期雄性大鼠生殖系统有较明显的损伤,这种损伤可能与F as介导的睾丸生精细胞凋亡机制有关。展开更多
目的研究小鼠吸入气态甲醛后,甲醛对小鼠的脑、肾组织蛋白造成氧化损伤和脂质的过氧化及其发生机制。方法用不同剂量的气态甲醛对小鼠进行连续动态染毒处理72 h,用2,4-二硝基苯肼比色法测定小鼠脑、肾组织蛋白质的羰基含量,以判断蛋白...目的研究小鼠吸入气态甲醛后,甲醛对小鼠的脑、肾组织蛋白造成氧化损伤和脂质的过氧化及其发生机制。方法用不同剂量的气态甲醛对小鼠进行连续动态染毒处理72 h,用2,4-二硝基苯肼比色法测定小鼠脑、肾组织蛋白质的羰基含量,以判断蛋白质的氧化损伤程度;用M DA(丙二醛)试剂盒测定组织中M DA含量,来判断脂质的过氧化程度。结果只有吸入3.0 m g/m3的气态甲醛时,才会对脑、肾组织中的蛋白质造成明显的氧化损伤;而在0.5 m g/m3时,脑组织中脂质的过氧化比肾组织中显著。结论0.5 m g/m3的气态甲醛不造成蛋白质氧化损伤,而对脑组织中脂质的过氧化作用却很显著,可见0.5 m g/m3甲醛对生物体存在着直接的神经毒性;3.0 m g/m3的气态甲醛对脑、肾组织中的蛋白质和脂质会造成明显的氧化损伤,且肾组织比脑组织敏感。展开更多
Direct,in situ selective detection of intracellular formaldehyde(FA)is of great significance for understanding its function in FA-related diseases.Herein,red carbon dots(RCD)are reported as label-free two-photon fluor...Direct,in situ selective detection of intracellular formaldehyde(FA)is of great significance for understanding its function in FA-related diseases.Herein,red carbon dots(RCD)are reported as label-free two-photon fluorescent nanoprobes for detecting and imaging of FA.Upon addition of FA,the-NH2 groups of RCD could quickly and specially react with aldehydes to form Schiff base and then the strong fluorescence of RCD with blue-shift emission is recovery due to the destruction of the hydrogen bond interaction between RCD and water.In addition,the nanoprobes exhibit outsta nding photo stability,rapid response(<1 min),high sensitivity(~9.9μmol/L)and excellent selectivity toward FA over other aldehyde group compounds.Notably,owing to the good cell-membrane permeability and biocompatibility,as well as the large two-photon absorption cross-section,the as-prepared RCD can be used as label-free nanoprobes for selectively detecting and imaging FA in living cells and zebrafishes through one-photon and two-photon excitation.Moreover,RCD could stain the tissue of zebrafishes at depths interval of up to 240μm under two-photon excitation.This research implied that RCD are promising tools for directly and in situ imaging FA in vivo,thus providing critical insights into FA-related pathophysiological processes.展开更多
Formaldehyde,a well-known environmental toxic hazard,has been found to produce endogenously via semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase-catalyzed oxidative deamination of methylamine.In diabetes,the activity of SSAO has...Formaldehyde,a well-known environmental toxic hazard,has been found to produce endogenously via semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase-catalyzed oxidative deamination of methylamine.In diabetes,the activity of SSAO has been found to increase with a subsequent increase in endogenous formalde-hyde production.It has been postulated that SSAO-induced production of formaldehyde may be in-volved in the alteration of protein structure,which may subsequently cause protein deposition associ-ated with chronic pathological disorders.Formaldehyde has also been found to react(cross-link) with amino group of the N-terminal amino acid residue and with the side-chains of arginine,cysteine,his-tidine and lysine residues.Therefore,formaldehyde may be responsible,at least in part,for protein cross-linkage,oxidative stress and cytotoxicity.The cross-linking of formaldehyde with bovine serum albumin was studied using LC-MS and Mascot database.The peptides sequence for control BSA(un-treated) digested with trypsin was matched in the online database search query by exporting the MS/MS data to online MASCOT database.In this way,a total of twenty-seven peptides were matched in the database search query.These twenty-seven peptides were then searched manually in all of the tryptic BSA samples treated with different concentrations of FA that were incubated in different time intervals.Six formaldehyde-treated BSA peptides(FKDLGEEHFK,HLVDEPQNLIK,KVPQVSTPTLVEVSR,RPCFSALTPDETYVPK,LVNELTEFAK,DAFLGSFLYEYSR) were found to be the possible markers for formaldehyde-protein/peptides adducts.展开更多
文摘The present report evaluates the effects of formaldehyde (FA) exposure on peripheral lymphocytes by using heth genetic and immunological parameters. Twenty-three non-smoking students in the study had inhalation exposure to 0.508 ±0. 299 mg/m3 of FA for a Period of 8 weeks (3h × 3 times each week) during anatomy classes. As for composition of lymphocyte subsets after FA exposare,significant increase was found in the percentage of CD19(B cells), while sighficant decrease was observed in CD3(total T cells), CD4(T helper-inducer cells), and CD8(T cytotoxic-suppressior cells) with a P<0 .01. Increase in the ratio of T-helper-inducer cells to T-cytotoxic-suppressor cells (T4 / T8) was also observed with statistical sighcance after exposure (P < 0.001). In the meanwhile,no significant difference (P > 0 .05) was reported between lymphocyte prolifendion rate and sisterchromatid exchange (SCE) at the exposure level and duration. It is suggested that the lymphocyte subsets may be most susceptible to the effects of FA, though a single immunological endpoint is rarely related with pathophysiological interpretation.
文摘目的探讨甲醛对性成熟期雄性大鼠生殖的影响及其作用机制。方法选用性成熟期健康SD雄性大鼠40只,随机分为甲醛染毒高(10 m g/kg.d)、中(1 m g/kg.d)、低(0.1 m g/kg.d)剂量和对照组4组。腹腔注射染毒14 d后观察睾丸重量和形态学改变,精子数量和质量改变,血液中激素含量的改变;利用原位缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)检测睾丸细胞的凋亡;免疫组化方法检测睾丸F as基因的表达。结果①高剂量染毒组大鼠睾丸组织的质量明显低于对照组(P<0.05),中、高剂量染毒组睾丸曲细精管萎缩,生精上皮细胞层数减少,细胞排列紊乱;②中、高剂量染毒组大鼠精子的数量和精子活动度较对照组明显减少,精子畸形率明显增加(P<0.05);③染毒组与对照组相比,血清卵泡刺激素和黄体生成素含量轻度增高,而睾酮含量轻度下降,但差异没有统计学意义;④中、高剂量染毒组睾丸凋亡细胞较对照组明显增多(P<0.05),F as基因表达明显增加(P<0.05),且F as基因阳性表达与睾丸的凋亡指数呈正相关(r=0.8832,P<0.05)。结论甲醛对性成熟期雄性大鼠生殖系统有较明显的损伤,这种损伤可能与F as介导的睾丸生精细胞凋亡机制有关。
文摘目的研究小鼠吸入气态甲醛后,甲醛对小鼠的脑、肾组织蛋白造成氧化损伤和脂质的过氧化及其发生机制。方法用不同剂量的气态甲醛对小鼠进行连续动态染毒处理72 h,用2,4-二硝基苯肼比色法测定小鼠脑、肾组织蛋白质的羰基含量,以判断蛋白质的氧化损伤程度;用M DA(丙二醛)试剂盒测定组织中M DA含量,来判断脂质的过氧化程度。结果只有吸入3.0 m g/m3的气态甲醛时,才会对脑、肾组织中的蛋白质造成明显的氧化损伤;而在0.5 m g/m3时,脑组织中脂质的过氧化比肾组织中显著。结论0.5 m g/m3的气态甲醛不造成蛋白质氧化损伤,而对脑组织中脂质的过氧化作用却很显著,可见0.5 m g/m3甲醛对生物体存在着直接的神经毒性;3.0 m g/m3的气态甲醛对脑、肾组织中的蛋白质和脂质会造成明显的氧化损伤,且肾组织比脑组织敏感。
基金financial support of the present work by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51773056,51603067,21705040)Natural Science Foundationof Hunan Province,China(No.2018JJ3143)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2017M622571,2017M622568 and 2018T110824)Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics(No.2016019)Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices(South China University of Technology)(No.2019-skllmd-09)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2017A030313299)。
文摘Direct,in situ selective detection of intracellular formaldehyde(FA)is of great significance for understanding its function in FA-related diseases.Herein,red carbon dots(RCD)are reported as label-free two-photon fluorescent nanoprobes for detecting and imaging of FA.Upon addition of FA,the-NH2 groups of RCD could quickly and specially react with aldehydes to form Schiff base and then the strong fluorescence of RCD with blue-shift emission is recovery due to the destruction of the hydrogen bond interaction between RCD and water.In addition,the nanoprobes exhibit outsta nding photo stability,rapid response(<1 min),high sensitivity(~9.9μmol/L)and excellent selectivity toward FA over other aldehyde group compounds.Notably,owing to the good cell-membrane permeability and biocompatibility,as well as the large two-photon absorption cross-section,the as-prepared RCD can be used as label-free nanoprobes for selectively detecting and imaging FA in living cells and zebrafishes through one-photon and two-photon excitation.Moreover,RCD could stain the tissue of zebrafishes at depths interval of up to 240μm under two-photon excitation.This research implied that RCD are promising tools for directly and in situ imaging FA in vivo,thus providing critical insights into FA-related pathophysiological processes.
基金the Nation Natural Science Foundation Key Project of China (Grant No.20435020)the "11th Five-Year Plan" National Key Technology R&D Program of China (Grant No.2006BAK03A07)
文摘Formaldehyde,a well-known environmental toxic hazard,has been found to produce endogenously via semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase-catalyzed oxidative deamination of methylamine.In diabetes,the activity of SSAO has been found to increase with a subsequent increase in endogenous formalde-hyde production.It has been postulated that SSAO-induced production of formaldehyde may be in-volved in the alteration of protein structure,which may subsequently cause protein deposition associ-ated with chronic pathological disorders.Formaldehyde has also been found to react(cross-link) with amino group of the N-terminal amino acid residue and with the side-chains of arginine,cysteine,his-tidine and lysine residues.Therefore,formaldehyde may be responsible,at least in part,for protein cross-linkage,oxidative stress and cytotoxicity.The cross-linking of formaldehyde with bovine serum albumin was studied using LC-MS and Mascot database.The peptides sequence for control BSA(un-treated) digested with trypsin was matched in the online database search query by exporting the MS/MS data to online MASCOT database.In this way,a total of twenty-seven peptides were matched in the database search query.These twenty-seven peptides were then searched manually in all of the tryptic BSA samples treated with different concentrations of FA that were incubated in different time intervals.Six formaldehyde-treated BSA peptides(FKDLGEEHFK,HLVDEPQNLIK,KVPQVSTPTLVEVSR,RPCFSALTPDETYVPK,LVNELTEFAK,DAFLGSFLYEYSR) were found to be the possible markers for formaldehyde-protein/peptides adducts.
