“They Call Me Mother”——Experiences of working on cases of juvenile delinquency

Iam a judge, working on cases of juvenile delinquency since September 1987. At the same time, I am a mother. Not only my own children call me "mother," but also many of the youngsters whom I have tried and sentenced. As a mother, I’m sympathetic towards these youngsters who have taken a misstep in life. As a judge,

Clinical experience of 2 086 cases of kidney preservation

Objective To summarize the experience of 20 years in using hypertonic citrate adenine(HC-A) for clinical kidney preservation. Methods A total of 2 086 cases of kidneys for transplantation from Angust 1980 to December 2000 were reported. The donors’ age ranged from 18 to 49 years. The cadaveric kidneys were harvested with en-bloc method, and were perfused via renal arteries with 250 ml HC- A at 2 - 4 ℃ and 10 cm H2O, and then stored in HC- A at 2 - 4 ℃ throughout preservation. Serum creatinine was measured at 1 week and 1 month after transplantation. Graft survival rates at 1 year and 3,5,10 years and mean graft survival periods were followed up. According to the cold ischemic time, the cases were divided into 3 groups; Group 1, n = 573, with cold ischemic time less than 12 h; Group 2, n = 779, with 12 to 24 h; and Group 3, n = 734, with more than 24 h. Results The mean cold ischemic period of 2 086 cases was(23.68±4.51) h. The mean level of serum creatinine at 1 week and 1 month after

PERCUTANEOUS ENDOVASCULAR EMBOLIZATION OF INTRACEREBRAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS EXPERIENCE IN 72 CASES

Endovascular therapeutic embolization of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the brain was performed in 72 patients between October 1986 and March 1993. From October 1986 to May 1991, 38 patients in this series were treated with isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate (IBCA) glue. After June 1991, in the remaining 34 patients the embolic materials used included surgical silk (5-0), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), ethanol, and estrogen. After treatment, 29 patients (40.3%) had complete angiographic obliteration of AVM, 15 (21%) transient neurologic postembolization deficit, and 3 (4%) permanent deficit without death. Embolic agents and procedures are discussed as to their curative effects, safety, normal perfusion pressure breakthrough (NPPB) problem, with silk mixture fluid being considered preferable.

COLON REPLACEMENT FROM ESOPHAGUS CLINICAL EXPERIENCE FROM 240 CASES

The clinical experience in the colon replacement of the esophagus in 240 cases is reported. The overall operative morbidity was 17.5%; the incidence of the anastomotic leaks was 10.4%; and the mortality was 2.80%. The points in surgical technique were:1) utilizing the left colic artery as the supporting vessel if possible, based on the anatomy of the colon vessel;2) using the colon segment in an isoperistaltic position,which has been proved much physiological;3) single-layer anastomosis which is simple and reliable, with minimal inflammarion and quick healing; and 4) choosing the channel of the colon transplant according to the disease condition, the age,and the function of the heart and the lung of the patients.

Management of coronary artery perforation by embolization:nursing experience from 3 cases

INTRODUCTION With the development of economy and improvement of life quality,the incidences of hypertension,hyper-cholesterolemia,diabetes,obesity and smoking have been increased in China,which has led to a significant increase in the morbidity and mortality of coronary artery disease（CAD）~1.Since it was introduced into China in 1984,coronary intervention（PCI）has developed rapidly and has become the major treatment of CAD because of its unique characteristics of minimal invasive and effective outcome.

Measurement-While-Milling(MWM):An innovative approach for increasing the casing milling efficiency in deep drilling operations

Deep boreholes are secured by steel tubes(casings)which are run in the hole and cemented in place.In most cases,these casings are considered a permanent installation.However,sometimes they have to be removed in order to repair or abandon the well.As the casing is cemented in place,it cannot be pulled,but needs to be milled to small chips which are flushed out of the borehole by the drilling mud.One of the main challenges in casing milling operations is continuous and complete chip removal.If the metal chips are too long,chip nests will grow around the milling string.As a result,this will restrict the annulus flow area and affect the chip removal in boreholes.The obvious solution in such condition is to do round tripping and clean the chip nest which is associated with the risk of injuries,as well as,increasing the none-productive time.In the worst case,the poor cleaning and circulation of chips can even end up with the milling string stucking problem in boreholes,consequently long-time fishing job.According to the available literatures,hardly any study for identifying the chip shapes and accordingly adapting the operation parameters to the casing milling process environment downhole to keep milling within desired generated chip shapes and sizes could be found.This paper presents an encouraging idea to monitor the milling process in real time by utilizing the acoustic emission signals(vibration modes)accompanied with the milling process to identify the desired chip shape and size range.Initial laboratory tests have been carried out to investigate and study the acoustic emission signals accompanying the casing milling process to identify the chip shapes and sizes.The preliminary test results show very good correlation and agreement between the chip length formed during those specific tests and the observed burst events in the measured signals.The study results have demonstrated the functionality of the new concept,and thus confirmed that it is a very promising idea towards developing a practical real time downhole monitoring system for milling operations.Adapting the milling operation parameters downhole in real time to keep the milling process within the desired generated chip shapes and sizes will offer better cleaning and removal of the chips and will prevent the development of chip nest around the drill string and its consequences such as round tripping,risk of drilling crew injury,none-productive time and even milling string stucking problems.