The complex temporal sequence structures of non－single exponential attenuation of Batang earthquake swarm with M6．7

A study was made on temporal sequence of the earthquake swarm with M6. 7 which took place in Batang County, Sichuan Province, from April to Sept., 1989. Temporal sequence of the swarm was characterized by obvious sectional release process, in dex rise of creeping curve, certain order behavior among the peak values in the early sequence, transient tranquility before strong aftershocks and abnormal high values in sequential entropy. Subsequence of the swarm were represented by the forms of isolation pattern and mainshock-aftershock pattern,changed from the former pattern to the latter and characterized by fast-slow-fast attenuating pattern. According to time fractional dimension calculation results of the swarm sequence and the subsequences, it was discovered that non-scaling regions existed in the complicated temporal sequence structure, the span of non-scaling region of capacity dimension Do was different from that of the information dimension D1 of the same sequence, and the self-organizational features of the same sequence were different when various magnitude threshold values were selected for calculating. From the stochastic non-uniform spread of swarming high fractures in the seismic regions, it was primarily explained that the exponential attenuation of time sequence variation was likely to occur.Meanwhile, the level structures of various order sequences of the strong seismic swarm and the order problems were discussed.

Heat and mass flux estimation of modern seafloor hydrothermal activity

Research on heat and mass flux yielded by modern seafloor hydrothermal activity is very important, because it is involved not only in the base of ocean environment research, but also in the historical evolution of seawater properties. Currently, estimating heat flux is based on the observation data of hydrothermal smokers, low-temperature diffusive flow and mid-ocean ridge mainly. But there are some faults, for example, there is lack of a concurrent conductive item in estimating the heat flux by smokers and the error between the half-space cooling model and the observation data is too large. So, three kinds of methods are applied to re-estimating the heat flux of hydrothermal activity resepectively, corresponding estimation is 97. 359 GW by hydrothermal smoker and diffusive flow, 84.895 GW by hydrothermal plume, and 4. 11 TW by exponential attenuation method put forward by this paper. Research on mass flux estimation is relatively rare, the main reason for this is insufficient field observation data. Mass fluxes of different elements are calculated using hydrothermal vent fluid data from the TAG hydrothermal area on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge for the first time. Difference of estimations by different methods reflects the researching extent of hydrothermal activity, and systematically in - situ observation will help to estimate the contribution of hydrothermal activity to ocean chemical environment, ocean circulation and global climate precisely.