Multi-mode process monitoring based on a novel weighted local standardization strategy and support vector data description

There are multiple operating modes in the real industrial process, and the collected data follow the complex multimodal distribution, so most traditional process monitoring methods are no longer applicable because their presumptions are that sampled-data should obey the single Gaussian distribution or non-Gaussian distribution. In order to solve these problems, a novel weighted local standardization(WLS) strategy is proposed to standardize the multimodal data, which can eliminate the multi-mode characteristics of the collected data, and normalize them into unimodal data distribution. After detailed analysis of the raised data preprocessing strategy, a new algorithm using WLS strategy with support vector data description(SVDD) is put forward to apply for multi-mode monitoring process. Unlike the strategy of building multiple local models, the developed method only contains a model without the prior knowledge of multi-mode process. To demonstrate the proposed method's validity, it is applied to a numerical example and a Tennessee Eastman(TE) process. Finally, the simulation results show that the WLS strategy is very effective to standardize multimodal data, and the WLS-SVDD monitoring method has great advantages over the traditional SVDD and PCA combined with a local standardization strategy(LNS-PCA) in multi-mode process monitoring.

Study on the System of Aquatic Environmental Monitoring Methods in China

The development of Chinese system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was summarized. The existing problem of the system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was analyzed. At last, some suggestions were made on setting and implementing the system of aquat- ic environmental monitoring methods in China.

Field Load Test Based SHM System Safety Standard Determination for Rigid Frame Bridge

The deteriorated continuous rigid frame bridge is strengthened by external prestressing. Static loading tests wereconducted before and after the bridge rehabilitation to verify the effectiveness of the rehabilitation process. Thestiffness of the repaired bridge is improved, and the maximum deflection of the load test is reduced from 37.9 to27.6 mm. A bridge health monitoring system is installed after the bridge is reinforced. To achieve an easy assessmentof the bridge’s safety status by directly using transferred data, a real-time safety warning system is createdbased on a five-level safety standard. The threshold for each safety level will be determined by theoretical calculationsand the outcomes of static loading tests. The highest risk threshold will be set at the ultimate limit statevalue. The remaining levels, namely middle risk, low risk, and very low risk, will be determined usingreduction coefficients of 0.95, 0.9, and 0.8, respectively.

基于磁记忆在线监测的再制造毛坯疲劳寿命预测方法

对服役构件进行在线监测并预测其疲劳寿命具有重要的工程意义。基于45钢缺口试件的拉-拉疲劳试验,利用金属磁记忆在线监测系统实时跟踪记录了试件缺口位置在整个疲劳循环过程中的磁信号变化。通过对原始监测信号进行卡尔曼滤波处理,结果表明x向和y向磁记忆信号可以将整个疲劳过程划分为三个阶段,且y向磁信号对疲劳损伤演变更加敏感;进一步引入y向磁场梯度的标准差和鞘度作为特征参数,其对应的峰值点可分别作为第一、二阶段和第二、三阶段的分界点指标。同时提出了x向磁信号突变点的峰值可用于表征试件断裂前的预警信息,并探讨了磁信号变化背后的机理,为再制造毛坯的疲劳寿命预测提供参考。

基于标准化施工的高速公路重难点施工技术研究

高速公路施工周期一般都较长,尤其是在涉及到有非常规结构时,为满足施工精度要求,其造价和施工周期都会相应增加。为了更好地满足施工现场对于建设周期和工程造价的需求,决定采用标准化设计、精细化施工的理念,对施工现场进行统一管理。本文以广东省某高速公路施工为例,其重难点问题包括特殊路基以及桥梁的高墩,采用标准化设计后,进行模板统一。结果证实,进行标准化施工后,其施工质量保证率、施工工期以及造价都得到相应的节约。

高速公路建设阶段的环境监测方法研究

随着经济的持续发展和城市化进程的加速,高速公路作为连接各大城市和经济区域的重要交通基础设施,其建设规模日益扩大。但高速公路在建设过程中不可避免地会对环境产生一定的影响。因此,对高速公路建设阶段的环境进行科学、有效的监测,对于确保工程建设的顺利进行、保护生态环境、维护公众健康具有重要意义。本文对高速公路建设阶段的污染源进行简要阐述,并对大气污染、水质污染、噪声污染的监测方法及监测质量控制方法进行探讨,最后以RS技术为例对现代化环境监测技术进行分析。

铁路信号20型集中监测系统接入数据通信网方案

结合铁路数据通信网特点、10型信号集中监测系统网络结构及项目实施经验,对20型铁路信号集中监测系统接入数据通信网方案进行标准化,并提炼集中监测系统侧用户边缘设备(CE)及数据通信网侧供应商边缘设备(PE)之间互联路由协议的要点,对20型信号集中监测中继站借助传输平台接入数据通信网提出新的解决思路。该方法不但降低信号/通信侧的实施成本、维护成本,还提高中继站接入可靠性,使得20型集中监测主站和中继站车站C E交换机配置标准化。

A Multi-scale Perspective on Drought Monitoring and Assessment for the Pearl River Basin

It is accepted that climate change has a great impact on water cycle and regional water balance,and thus it would change the formation and evolution conditions of drought in some degree. By using data at 42 meteorological stations of the Pearl River Basin,the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index（ SPEI） at different time scales was calculated. Based on the SPEIs of 1- 12 months,a newly proposed index for drought--Joint Drought Index（ JDI） was established under the multi-scale perspective through the copula function. Since short-term SPEIs are essential for the identification of emerging droughts and long-term SPEIs are useful for prolonged droughts,the JDI,which integrates all the usefull informations of drought and can thus form an overall judgement,is superior than the single SPEI in drought monitoring. By the forcast evaluation system and comparison to the actual drought,the accuracy and effectiveness of JDI in drought monitoring were verified. In general,JDI can be used as a new ideal index for future drought monitoring and assessment. Additionly,we analyzed the spatio-temperal characteristics of drought across the Pearl River Basin using the JDI. The results indicate that mild drought was the most frequent drought occurred in the Pearl River Basin over the past half century,and moderate drought followed. Severe drought and extreme drought would appear occasionally while exceptional drought could hardly be found. A dry-wet-dry interdecadal variation pattern had been found from the 1960 s to the 2000 s. Since the 21 stcentury,an obvious trend toward drought can be observed in the whole basin,especially in the Xijiang subbasin,which,consequently,poses an increasing challenge for the water resource planning and management.

OIL MONITORING DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIONS BASED ON MAXIMUM ENTROPY PRINCIPLE

A method of applying maximum entropy probability density estimation approachto constituting diagnostic criterions of oil monitoring data is presented. The method promotes theprecision of diagnostic criterions for evaluating the wear state of mechanical facilities, andjudging abnormal data. According to the critical boundary points defined, a new measure onmonitoring wear state and identifying probable wear faults can be got. The method can be applied tospectrometric analysis and direct reading ferrographic analysis. On the basis of the analysis anddiscussion of two examples of 8NVD48A-2U diesel engines, the practicality is proved to be aneffective method in oil monitoring.

Vibration Severity Monitoring and Evaluation of Armored Vehicle Transmission

Vibration monitoring and vibration severity evaluation of armored vehicle transmission are realized by additional sensors. An algorithm of vibration severity in frequency domain is presented. The algorithm has powerful applicability for signal type and flexible selectivity for frequency range,and avoids the processing of signal conversion used calculus and filtering compared to the algorithm of vibration severity in time domain. An applied example is given in company with attentive proceedings and measures for improving evaluation effect.

Quality Monitoring of Various Local and Imported Brands of Bottled Drinking Water in Saudi Arabia

Minerals and constitutes in drinking water are vital for the nutrition of human bodies. Certain limits of water quality parameters must be met to ensure the safety of bottled drinking water for the human consumption. Thirty two local and twelve imported brands of bottled water in Saudi Arabia have been collected to verify their compliance with international and local standards which are EPA (2016), WHO (2013) and SASO (2009). A proposed scoring system is used to evaluate the water quality. Fayha and Hilwa brands have been selected as the best local brands whereas Volvic brand as the optimal imported brand in the western region of Saudi Arabia. The local water brands are more reliable to the standards than the imported brands. Licensed water brands in Saudi Arabia are found to have a good water quality which satisfied the quality requirements.

Implementation of the Air Quality Monitoring Network at Agadir City in Morocco

Air pollution is a major global issue with widely known harmful effects on human health and the environment. This pollution is a very complex phenomenon given the diversity of pollutants that may be present in the atmosphere. The air quality in urban areas is of a great concern for residents living in cities and represents a current issue that requires an adequate management. So that air quality policy is driven by health concerns. In this paper, we present an overview on the experience of Agadir city to establish the air quality management policy, local authority on the whole have developed a good understanding of air quality in the area. Indeed for several years, efforts have been made to monitor the air quality in this city, this translated by air quality assessment since 2006 using mobile laboratory and fixed station. Our goals in this study were to review the operation of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) making better use of available resources to improve its outcomes and make recommendations with a view to improving air quality issues. This work highlights the requirement to revise periodically the LAQM for generating priority for air quality issues within local authority and the need to implement the optimizing Air Quality Monitoring Network (AQMN).

Analysis of international and national standards on logistics tracking and monitoring and their application

From the scope and technical system perspective, this paper sums up the history and current situation of logistics tracking and monitoring standards under international standards and national standards system. Taking the first international standard developed by China in the field of logistics and Internet of Things as an example, it analyzes the status quo and trend of monitoring in logistics, presenting valuable experience for standards development in logistics tracking and monitoring in China.

Monitoring of Atmospheric Pollutant Concentrations in the City of Dakar, Senegal

The lack of data on air quality monitoring and neglected and overlooked pollutant emissions in the transportation and industrial sectors are motives for the government of Senegal to set up, in 2009, an air quality management center, the CGQA (Centre de Gestion de la Qualité de l’Air). Air quality monitoring at CGQA deals with mainly six pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) (with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrogen monoxide (NO)), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ground-level ozone (O3), Benzene-Toluene-Xylenes (BTX), and particulate matters (PM) with diameters less than 10 μm (PM10) and 2.5 μm (PM2.5). The concentration levels of gaseous pollutants (CO, O3, NO2 and SO2) in the city generally remain below the limit value set by the WHO (World Health Organization). However, particulate matters (PM10 and PM2.5) are the most important pollutants observed in Dakar, they far exceed the annual thresholds set by the WHO and the national standard (NS 05-062). This situation results in an Air Quality Index (AQI) around bad and very bad during the dry season (November to May) and good to moderate during the rainy season (June to October). The concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 vary respectively from 120 to 180 μg·m-3 and from 25 to 48 μg·m-3. The average concentrations of pollutants therefore vary from one area to another and depending on the location of the air quality monitoring station (near industrial sites, traffic, etc.).

Standardization of critical care management of non-critically ill patients with COVID-19

The large global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has seriously endangered the health care system in China and globally.The sudden surge of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection has revealed the shortage of critical care medicine resources and intensivists.Currently,the management of non-critically ill patients with COVID-19 is performed mostly by non-intensive care unit(ICU)physicians,who lack the required professional knowledge,training,and practice in critical care medicine,especially in terms of continuous monitoring of the respiratory function,intervention,and feedback on treatment effects.This clinical problem needs an urgent solution.Therefore,here,we propose a series of clinical strategies for non-ICU physicians aimed at the standardization of the management of non-critically ill patients with COVID-19 from the perspective of critical care medicine.Isolation management is performed to facilitate the implementation of hierarchical monitoring and intervention to ensure the reasonable distribution of scarce critical care medical resources and intensivists,highlight the key patients,timely detection of disease progression,and early and appropriate intervention and organ function support,and thus improve the prognosis.Different management objectives are also set based on the high-risk factors and the severity of patients with COVID-19.The approaches suggested herein will facilitate the timely detection of disease progression,and thus ensure the provision of early and appropriate intervention and organ function support,which will eventually improve the prognosis.

顶部隐伏溶洞对隧道围岩变形特征影响分析——以齐岳山高速公路隧道为例

齐岳山高速公路岩溶隧址区强致灾性隐伏溶洞较为发育,为研究隐伏溶洞对隧道围岩位移影响的变化规律,选取围岩等级、隧道埋深2个地质因素,对溶洞大小、溶洞与隧道的距离2个形态因素开展数值试验,讨论支护对围岩位移的影响,分析顶部隐伏溶洞对隧道围岩不同方向变形的影响,系统研究不同因素对顶部溶洞作用效果的影响规律。得到如下研究结果:1)顶部溶洞对围岩变形在垂直方向和水平方向的作用效果是相反的,在垂直方向,顶部溶洞减缓拱顶和拱底的收敛效果;在水平方向,顶部溶洞加剧拱腰的收敛效果,且对拱顶、拱底、拱腰位移变化的影响依次减小。2)随着围岩级别提高、隧道埋深增大、溶洞尺寸增大、溶洞与隧道距离减小,顶部溶洞对隧道围岩变形影响的作用效果增强;在因素设计范围内,各因素对顶部溶洞作用效果的影响差异明显。

《药品使用监测与评价标准》制订与解析

药品使用监测与评价在推动药物回归临床价值、优化基本药物制度以及完善药品供应保障体系方面发挥着关键作用。为促进医疗机构药品使用监测和评价工作的贯彻落实,由中国医院协会药事专业委员会牵头,组织国内相关专家,遵循团体标准制订流程,通过问题梳理、框架构建、证据收集、初稿撰写、意见征询和标准形成等步骤,成功制订了《药品使用监测与评价》团体标准。该文详细介绍了标准制订过程,并对标准内容进行解释与分析,旨在帮助读者更好地理解药品使用监测与评价内涵,并提供使用指导。

气象业务综合监视数据标准化设计与应用

打造开放的气象综合业务实时监控体系,全面提升气象业务的运行质量与效率是气象信息化发展的重要工作。针对气象综合业务监视范围广泛、内容多样以及传输密集等特性,为实现海量监视数据高效、完整及准确的采集、传输与处理,本文设计了一种基于标准化数据分类的可扩展的监视数据内容模型。该模型对种类繁多的监视数据进行抽象与概括,划分了监视数据的类别;描述了每一类别监视数据的通用属性;同时依据核心监视功能的数据需求,在通用属性的基础上进一步设计了典型的监视数据属性域内容。该模型具备通用性、可扩展性特点,在中国气象局“气象综合业务实时监控系统(天镜)”的建设中得到广泛应用,并在2022年发布为气象行业标准,为国省共有核心监控功能的实现以及各省特有监控范围的扩充提供了有效的监视数据支撑。

老年患者心电监护拔牙的全流程规范化管理

目的分析全流程规范化管理在口腔外科门诊老年心电监护拔牙管理中的应用效果。方法研究阶段为2023年1月至10月,共纳入研究对象360例,均为口腔外科门诊心电监护拔牙就诊患者,采用随机抽样法进行分组,对照组采用心电监护拔牙管理模式,观察组采取全流程规范化管理模式,比较两组管理效果。结果观察组心率、血压波动、焦虑值均低于对照组,两组比较有显著差异(P<0.05),患者满意率99.7%高于对照组85.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过实施规范化全流程管理,有效优化了老年患者心电监护拔牙的流程,缩短了心电监护拔牙预约时间,进而有助于改善老年患者拔牙预后、提升患者就医体验。

输氢管道完整性管理技术研究进展

管道输氢被认为是当前效率最高、经济性最好的大规模输氢方式。围绕输氢管道管材的相容性、氢气的泄漏与监测、完整性管理方法与相关规范缺失等关键问题,对目前相关研究进行了归纳与总结。结果表明:典型管道钢材在高压临氢环境下产生氢致失效的机理尚未明悉,需探明临氢环境下不同等级钢材力学性能的劣化规律,并分析钢材氢脆敏感性的影响因素;输氢管道更易发生泄漏,应重点明确输氢管道及相关设备产生泄漏的具体原因,完善氢气泄漏监测技术;目前输氢管道完整性管理方法缺失,需重点考虑氢气对输氢管道完整性管理中风险评价和完整性评价的影响,完善输氢管道完整性管理方法;结合现有输氢管道规范的相关内容,为输氢管道完整性管理提供支撑,推进输氢管道完整性管理标准与规范的制定。相关结论可以为输氢管道完整性管理技术的发展提供参考。