The reliability of real-time embedded software directly determines the reliability of the whole real-time embedded sys- tem, and the effective software testing is an important way to ensure software quality and reliab...The reliability of real-time embedded software directly determines the reliability of the whole real-time embedded sys- tem, and the effective software testing is an important way to ensure software quality and reliability. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of real-time embedded software, the formal method is introduced into the real-time embedded software testing field and the real-time extended finite state machine (RT-EFSM) model is studied firstly. Then, the time zone division method of real-time embedded system is presented and the definition and description methods of time-constrained transition equivalence class (timeCTEC) are presented. Furthermore, the approaches of the testing sequence and test case generation are put forward. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a typical avionics real- time embedded software testing practice and the examples of the timeCTEC, testing sequences and test cases are given. With the analysis of the testing result, the application verification shows that the proposed method can effectively describe the real-time embedded software state transition characteristics and real-time requirements and play the advantages of the formal methods in accuracy, effectiveness and the automation supporting. Combined with the testing platform, the real-time, closed loop and automated simulation testing for real-time embedded software can be realized effectively.展开更多
Building high confidence regression test suites to validate new system versions is a challenging problem. A modelbased approach to build a regression test suite from a given test suite is described. The generated test...Building high confidence regression test suites to validate new system versions is a challenging problem. A modelbased approach to build a regression test suite from a given test suite is described. The generated test suite includes every test that will traverse a change performed to produce the new version, and consists of only such tests to reduce the testing costs. Finite state machines extended with typed variables (EFSMs) are used to model systems and system changes are mapped to EFSM transition changes adding/deleting/replacing EFSM transitions and states. Tests are a sequence of input and expected output messages with concrete parameter values over the supported data types. An invariant is formulated to characterize tests whose runtime behavior can be accurately predicted by analyzing their descriptions along with the model. Incremental procedures to efficiently evaluate the invariant and to select tests for regression are developed. Overlaps among the test descriptions are exploited to extend the approach to simultaneously select multiple tests to reduce the test selection costs. Effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by applying it to several protocols, Web services, and model programs extracted from a popular testing benchmark. Our experimental results show that the proposed approach is economical for regression test selection in all these examples. For all these examples, the proposed approach is able to identify all tests exercising changes more efficiently than brute-force symbolic evaluation.展开更多
制造业的生产物流方式处于不断变革中,对其建模仿真可为制造系统规划设计、分析及改造提供决策支持。依“人-机-物-环-法”分类给出了智能车间制造系统中实体元素的描述,结合EFSM(extended finite state machine)和组件化建模思想,建立...制造业的生产物流方式处于不断变革中,对其建模仿真可为制造系统规划设计、分析及改造提供决策支持。依“人-机-物-环-法”分类给出了智能车间制造系统中实体元素的描述,结合EFSM(extended finite state machine)和组件化建模思想,建立了生产和物流组件化EFSM模型;阐述了智能车间多作业生产的建模过程以及组件模型实例化方法;通过EFSM-DEVS(discrete event system specification)模型自动转换及DEVS引擎完成了仿真运行。仿真结果表明:该方法所建立的模型更符合车间实际状况,适用性更广;组件化建模思想能构造更具扩展性的软件;建模及仿真运行的3D可视化使软件直观性更好,其仿真结果与AnyLogic保持一致。展开更多
铁路信号安全软件内部逻辑复杂,通过充分的单元测试能够更好地发现和排除软件内部的缺陷。文章分析单元测试常用方法,并结合铁路信号安全软件单元测试技术要求,提出一种基于扩展有限状态机(EFSM,Enhanced Finite State Machine)模型的...铁路信号安全软件内部逻辑复杂,通过充分的单元测试能够更好地发现和排除软件内部的缺陷。文章分析单元测试常用方法,并结合铁路信号安全软件单元测试技术要求,提出一种基于扩展有限状态机(EFSM,Enhanced Finite State Machine)模型的黑白盒融合单元测试方法。使用自动化测试工具Cantata,以无线超时降级场景为实例,验证该方法是否可以满足测试场景的完备性,并且关注软件结构是否被完全覆盖。根据覆盖结果,对未覆盖原因进行分析,判断是否存在异常场景,并针对未覆盖分支补充测试场景,丰富了测试案例,从而保障了铁路信号系统的可靠性。展开更多
扩展有限状态机(Extended Finite State Machine:EFSM)虽然被广泛用作各种软件的底层模型,但如何判定其测试序列的不可行性是一个困难的问题,为此将迁移路径上的变量分为计数器变量、选择变量和矛盾变量,并从这三个角度进行路径的不可...扩展有限状态机(Extended Finite State Machine:EFSM)虽然被广泛用作各种软件的底层模型,但如何判定其测试序列的不可行性是一个困难的问题,为此将迁移路径上的变量分为计数器变量、选择变量和矛盾变量,并从这三个角度进行路径的不可行判定.实验结果表明,EFSM模型中的不可行迁移路径主要由这三类变量引起,且本方法可以有效地判定出含这三类变量的不可行迁移路径.展开更多
基金supported by the Aviation Science Foundation of China
文摘The reliability of real-time embedded software directly determines the reliability of the whole real-time embedded sys- tem, and the effective software testing is an important way to ensure software quality and reliability. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of real-time embedded software, the formal method is introduced into the real-time embedded software testing field and the real-time extended finite state machine (RT-EFSM) model is studied firstly. Then, the time zone division method of real-time embedded system is presented and the definition and description methods of time-constrained transition equivalence class (timeCTEC) are presented. Furthermore, the approaches of the testing sequence and test case generation are put forward. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a typical avionics real- time embedded software testing practice and the examples of the timeCTEC, testing sequences and test cases are given. With the analysis of the testing result, the application verification shows that the proposed method can effectively describe the real-time embedded software state transition characteristics and real-time requirements and play the advantages of the formal methods in accuracy, effectiveness and the automation supporting. Combined with the testing platform, the real-time, closed loop and automated simulation testing for real-time embedded software can be realized effectively.
文摘Building high confidence regression test suites to validate new system versions is a challenging problem. A modelbased approach to build a regression test suite from a given test suite is described. The generated test suite includes every test that will traverse a change performed to produce the new version, and consists of only such tests to reduce the testing costs. Finite state machines extended with typed variables (EFSMs) are used to model systems and system changes are mapped to EFSM transition changes adding/deleting/replacing EFSM transitions and states. Tests are a sequence of input and expected output messages with concrete parameter values over the supported data types. An invariant is formulated to characterize tests whose runtime behavior can be accurately predicted by analyzing their descriptions along with the model. Incremental procedures to efficiently evaluate the invariant and to select tests for regression are developed. Overlaps among the test descriptions are exploited to extend the approach to simultaneously select multiple tests to reduce the test selection costs. Effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by applying it to several protocols, Web services, and model programs extracted from a popular testing benchmark. Our experimental results show that the proposed approach is economical for regression test selection in all these examples. For all these examples, the proposed approach is able to identify all tests exercising changes more efficiently than brute-force symbolic evaluation.
文摘制造业的生产物流方式处于不断变革中,对其建模仿真可为制造系统规划设计、分析及改造提供决策支持。依“人-机-物-环-法”分类给出了智能车间制造系统中实体元素的描述,结合EFSM(extended finite state machine)和组件化建模思想,建立了生产和物流组件化EFSM模型;阐述了智能车间多作业生产的建模过程以及组件模型实例化方法;通过EFSM-DEVS(discrete event system specification)模型自动转换及DEVS引擎完成了仿真运行。仿真结果表明:该方法所建立的模型更符合车间实际状况,适用性更广;组件化建模思想能构造更具扩展性的软件;建模及仿真运行的3D可视化使软件直观性更好,其仿真结果与AnyLogic保持一致。
文摘铁路信号安全软件内部逻辑复杂,通过充分的单元测试能够更好地发现和排除软件内部的缺陷。文章分析单元测试常用方法,并结合铁路信号安全软件单元测试技术要求,提出一种基于扩展有限状态机(EFSM,Enhanced Finite State Machine)模型的黑白盒融合单元测试方法。使用自动化测试工具Cantata,以无线超时降级场景为实例,验证该方法是否可以满足测试场景的完备性,并且关注软件结构是否被完全覆盖。根据覆盖结果,对未覆盖原因进行分析,判断是否存在异常场景,并针对未覆盖分支补充测试场景,丰富了测试案例,从而保障了铁路信号系统的可靠性。
文摘扩展有限状态机(Extended Finite State Machine:EFSM)虽然被广泛用作各种软件的底层模型,但如何判定其测试序列的不可行性是一个困难的问题,为此将迁移路径上的变量分为计数器变量、选择变量和矛盾变量,并从这三个角度进行路径的不可行判定.实验结果表明,EFSM模型中的不可行迁移路径主要由这三类变量引起,且本方法可以有效地判定出含这三类变量的不可行迁移路径.