Evaluating the effects of pain and disorders of the knee joint on knee extension strength and daily life activities in the female elderly

This study aimed at examining the differences in leg strength and activities of daily living (ADL) ability among groups with various knee problems. The subjects consisted of 328 elderly females who were classified into three groups: those without knee pain or a knee disorder, those with knee pain, and those with a knee disorder. The subjects took a knee extension strength test and an ADL survey. Knee extension strength and ADL scores (total score and each domain score of the motions of locomotion, posture change, stability, and manipulation) were selected as the evaluation parameters. The knee extension strength, total ADL score and each domain score of the motions of locomotion, posture change, and stability ranged from low to high in the following order: the group with a knee disorder, the group with knee pain, and the group without pain or a knee disorder. Moreover, manipulation scores were significantly inferior in the group with a knee disorder compared with the other two groups. In conclusion, the female elderly with knee pain or a knee disorder have inferior knee extension strength and ADL with respect to the motions of locomotion, posture change and stability. In addition, with regard toknee extension strength with respect to theabove three motions, the elderly with a knee disorder have inferior scores when compared with the elderly who have only knee pain;thus, they find it difficult to perform activities involving the knee joints.

STUDY ON DYNAMIC J-INTEGRAL OF MECHANICAL HETEROGENEOUS WELDED JOINT

Welded joint is a mechanical heterogeneous body, and mechanical heterogeneity has great effect on dynamic fracture behaviour of welded joints. In the present investigation, dynamic response curve and dynamic J-integral of practical undermatched welded joint and whole base and whole weld three-point-bend (TPB) models containing longitudinal crack are com- puted. Dynamic J-integral is evaluated using virtual crack extension (VCE) method and the computation is performed using MARC finite element code. Because of the effect of inertia, dynamic load response curve of computed model waves periodically. Dynamic J-integral evaluated by VCE method is path independent. The effect of inertia has little influence on dynamic J-integral curve. The value of dynamic J-integral of undermatched welded joint is lower than that of whole base metal and higher than that of whole weld metal. The results establish the foundation of safety evaluation for dynamic loaded welded structures.

The Implementation Plan for the Producer Responsibility Extension System of Beverage Paper-based Composite Packaging Was Released

On December 16 th, 2020, National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Ministry of Commerce and State Administration for Market Regulation jointly issued The Implementation Plan for the Producer Responsibility Extension System of Beverage Paper-based Composite Packaging(hereinafter referred to as Implementation Plan).

结合面法向接触刚度分形预估模型及其仿真研究

从微观角度出发,基于结合面的"固-隙-固"接触模型、摩擦学理论和分形接触理论建立了考虑域扩展因子影响的结合面法向接触刚度的分形预估模型,在一定程度上完善了结合面动力学参数的分型模型.通过仿真分析揭示了法向载荷、分形维数、尺度参数以及单个微凸体接触刚度和材料参数对结合面法向接触刚度的影响。仿真分析表明:结合面法向刚度系数随着法向载荷的增大而增大,增大结合面法向载荷有利于提高结合面的法向接触刚度;在不同分形维数的范围内,法向接触刚度均随着结合面分形维数不同而不同.此外,法向接触刚度随着分形特征长度尺度参数的增大而减小,随着单个微凸体接触刚度的增大而增大;而材料参数的增大,使得法向接触刚度也增大.

Stability of Operator-Valued Truncated Moment Problems

In this note a multidimensional Hausdorff truncated operator-valued moment problem, from the point of view of “stability concept” of the number of atoms of the obtained atomic, operator-valued representing measure for the terms of a finite, positively define kernel of operators, is studied. The notion of “stability of the dimension” in truncated, scalar moment problems was introduced in [1]. In this note, the concept of “stability” of the algebraic dimension of the obtained Hilbert space from the space of the polynomials of finite, total degree with respect to the null subspace of a unital square positive functional, in [1], is adapted to the concept of stability of the algebraic dimension of the Hilbert space obtained as the separated space of some space of vectorial functions with respect to the null subspace of a hermitian square positive functional attached to a positive definite kernel of operators. In connection with the stability of the dimension of such obtained Hilbert space, a Hausdorff truncated operator-valued moment problem and the stability of the number of atoms of the representing measure for the terms of the given operator kernel, in this note, is studied.

外伸型管板全位置TIG打底自熔工艺研究

采用全位置TIG管板焊机对坡口深度2 mm、角度45°、管子外伸5 mm的碳钢管板接头进行了焊接,在此基础上设计并实施了5组不同的打底自熔焊接试验。结果表明,随着焊接速度、电弧长度、侧壁距离的递减以及脉冲频率的递增,打底焊缝三点钟位置的熔深逐渐增加,其中以降低焊接速度效果最为明显。但是随着峰值电流的递增熔深先递增,达到峰值后由于管壁大量熔化熔深又逐渐减小。当峰值电流185~190 A、基值电流78~80 A、占空比25%、脉冲频率2.5 Hz、电弧长度1.2~1.4 mm、钨极离管壁距离1.2~1.4 mm、焊接速度55 mm/min时,全位置焊接可以实现根部完全焊透。

Characterizations and Algorithms of Extensions for CADL and QDL

Receatly, Giordano and Martelli ( 1994) proposed two new cumu- lative variants of Reiter's default logic (DL) : Commitment to Assumptions Default Logic (CADL) and Quasi-Default Logic (QDL). They have only given quasi-inductive characterizations of extensions for the two variants. In this paper, finite characteri- zatioas of extensions for CADL and QDL by applying notions of (joint) compatibility are presented respectively. And corresponding algorithms and complexity results for reasoning are obtairfed.

Social network structures among the livestock farmers vis a vis calcium supplement technology

This study aims to delineate and analyze the configuration of social networks of farmers with respect to the acquisition of information on vital livestock technology.Three stage sampling was carried out by interviewing 320 technology-adopter farmers from four districts of Kerala State in India.For mapping the network,social network analysis(SNA)was used,which revealed the important sources as well as patterns of information access by farmers.Results established the predominance of a formal communication source(veterinary doctor)in the study locales followed by small-sized peer groups of livestock farmers for crucial information support on technology use.The trend is observed irrespective of their gender in various study areas.Significantly the study thus,underscored the role of homogenous peer groups of farmers in facilitating meaningful interactions as well as information sharing on the technology.Given the low level of adoption of most livestock technologies along with the weak livestock extension machinery in the country,these findings could be used by extension agencies to strategize future technological interventions.