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Data-Based Filters for Non-Gaussian Dynamic Systems With Unknown Output Noise Covariance
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作者 Elham Javanfar Mehdi Rahmani 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第4期866-877,共12页
This paper proposes linear and nonlinear filters for a non-Gaussian dynamic system with an unknown nominal covariance of the output noise.The challenge of designing a suitable filter in the presence of an unknown cova... This paper proposes linear and nonlinear filters for a non-Gaussian dynamic system with an unknown nominal covariance of the output noise.The challenge of designing a suitable filter in the presence of an unknown covariance matrix is addressed by focusing on the output data set of the system.Considering that data generated from a Gaussian distribution exhibit ellipsoidal scattering,we first propose the weighted sum of norms(SON)clustering method that prioritizes nearby points,reduces distant point influence,and lowers computational cost.Then,by introducing the weighted maximum likelihood,we propose a semi-definite program(SDP)to detect outliers and reduce their impacts on each cluster.Detecting these weights paves the way to obtain an appropriate covariance of the output noise.Next,two filtering approaches are presented:a cluster-based robust linear filter using the maximum a posterior(MAP)estimation and a clusterbased robust nonlinear filter assuming that output noise distribution stems from some Gaussian noise resources according to the ellipsoidal clusters.At last,simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed filtering approaches. 展开更多
关键词 data-based filter maximum likelihood estimation unknown covariance weighted maximum likelihood estimation weighted sum-of-norms clustering
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An impact sensitivity assessment method of spacecraft based on virtual exterior wall
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作者 Runqiang Chi Yuyan Liu +1 位作者 Diqi Hu Baojun Pang 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期142-157,共16页
The impact sensitivity assessment of spacecraft is to obtain the probability of spacecraft encountering the OD/M(orbital debris or meteoroid),which is a prerequisite for survivability assessment of on-orbit spacecraft... The impact sensitivity assessment of spacecraft is to obtain the probability of spacecraft encountering the OD/M(orbital debris or meteoroid),which is a prerequisite for survivability assessment of on-orbit spacecraft.An impact sensitivity assessment method of spacecraft based on virtual exterior wall was proposed to improve the computational efficiency.This method eliminates determination of the outermost surface elements of the spacecraft before generating the debris rays,which are assumed to originate from a non-concave virtual wall that completely wraps the spacecraft.The Dist Mesh method was adopted for the generating of the virtual wall to ensure its mesh quality.The influences of the sizes,mesh densities,shapes of the virtual wall on the efficiency and accuracy were considered to obtain the best combination of the size and mesh density of the wall and spacecraft.The results of this method were compared with those of S3DE(Survivability of Spacecraft in Space Debris Environment),BUMPER,MDPANTO,ESABASE2/Debris to verify the feasibility of the method.The PCHIP(Piecewise Cubic Hermite Interpolating Polynomial)was used to fit the size vs.flux relationship of the space debris to acquire the impact probability of OD/M with arbitrary size on the spacecraft. 展开更多
关键词 Sensitivity OD/M SPACECRAFT Virtual exterior wall
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Recent Progress on Data-Based Optimization for MineralProcessing Plants 被引量:7
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作者 Jinliang Ding Cuie Yang Tianyou Chai 《Engineering》 SCIE EI 2017年第2期183-187,共5页
In the globalized market environment, increasingly significant economic and environmental factors withincomplex industrial plants impose importance on the optimization of global production indices; such opti-mization ... In the globalized market environment, increasingly significant economic and environmental factors withincomplex industrial plants impose importance on the optimization of global production indices; such opti-mization includes improvements in production efficiency, product quality, and yield, along with reductionsof energy and resource usage. This paper briefly overviews recent progress in data-driven hybrid intelli-gence optimization methods and technologies in improving the performance of global production indicesin mineral processing. First, we provide the problem description. Next, we summarize recent progress indata-based optimization for mineral processing plants. This optimization consists of four layers: optimiza-tion of the target values for monthly global production indices, optimization of the target values for dailyglobal production indices, optimization of the target values for operational indices, and automation systemsfor unit processes. We briefly overview recent progress in each of the different layers. Finally, we point outopportunities for future works in data-based optimization for mineral processing plants. 展开更多
关键词 data-based OPTIMIZATION Plant-wide GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION MINERAL processing SURVEY
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Data-Based Optimal Tracking of Autonomous Nonlinear Switching Systems 被引量:3
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作者 Xiaofeng Li Lu Dong Changyin Sun 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2021年第1期227-238,共12页
In this paper,a data-based scheme is proposed to solve the optimal tracking problem of autonomous nonlinear switching systems.The system state is forced to track the reference signal by minimizing the performance func... In this paper,a data-based scheme is proposed to solve the optimal tracking problem of autonomous nonlinear switching systems.The system state is forced to track the reference signal by minimizing the performance function.First,the problem is transformed to solve the corresponding Bellman optimality equation in terms of the Q-function(also named as action value function).Then,an iterative algorithm based on adaptive dynamic programming(ADP)is developed to find the optimal solution which is totally based on sampled data.The linear-in-parameter(LIP)neural network is taken as the value function approximator.Considering the presence of approximation error at each iteration step,the generated approximated value function sequence is proved to be boundedness around the exact optimal solution under some verifiable assumptions.Moreover,the effect that the learning process will be terminated after a finite number of iterations is investigated in this paper.A sufficient condition for asymptotically stability of the tracking error is derived.Finally,the effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated with three simulation examples. 展开更多
关键词 Adaptive dynamic programming approximation error data-based control Q-LEARNING switching system
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Data-based Fault Tolerant Control for Affine Nonlinear Systems Through Particle Swarm Optimized Neural Networks 被引量:15
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作者 Haowei Lin Bo Zhao +1 位作者 Derong Liu Cesare Alippi 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2020年第4期954-964,共11页
In this paper, a data-based fault tolerant control(FTC) scheme is investigated for unknown continuous-time(CT)affine nonlinear systems with actuator faults. First, a neural network(NN) identifier based on particle swa... In this paper, a data-based fault tolerant control(FTC) scheme is investigated for unknown continuous-time(CT)affine nonlinear systems with actuator faults. First, a neural network(NN) identifier based on particle swarm optimization(PSO) is constructed to model the unknown system dynamics. By utilizing the estimated system states, the particle swarm optimized critic neural network(PSOCNN) is employed to solve the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation(HJBE) more efficiently.Then, a data-based FTC scheme, which consists of the NN identifier and the fault compensator, is proposed to achieve actuator fault tolerance. The stability of the closed-loop system under actuator faults is guaranteed by the Lyapunov stability theorem. Finally, simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed method. 展开更多
关键词 Adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) critic neural network data-based fault tolerant control(FTC) particle swarm optimization(PSO)
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Linked Data-based Slide Repository: The Episodic Slide Retrieval Using the Episodic Keyword Networks
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作者 Tomohiro Iwasa Yudai Kato +2 位作者 Shun Shiramatsu Tadaehika Ozono Toramatsu Shintani 《Journal of Control Science and Engineering》 2016年第1期36-49,共14页
This paper focuses on developing a system that allows presentation authors to effectively retrieve presentation slides for reuse from a large volume of existing presentation materials. We assume episodic memories of t... This paper focuses on developing a system that allows presentation authors to effectively retrieve presentation slides for reuse from a large volume of existing presentation materials. We assume episodic memories of the authors can be used as contextual keywords in query expressions to efficiently dig out the expected slides for reuse rather than using only the part-of-slide-descriptions-based keyword queries. As a system, a new slide repository is proposed, composed of slide material collections, slide content data and pieces of information from authors' episodic memories related to each slide and presentation together with a slide retrieval application enabling authors to use the episodic memories as part of queries. The result of our experiment shows that the episodic memory-used queries can give more discoverability than the keyword-based queries. Additionally, an improvement model is discussed on the slide retrieval for further slide-finding efficiency by expanding the episodic memories model in the repository taking in the links with the author-and-slide-related data and events having been post on the private and social media sites. 展开更多
关键词 Slide Retrieval Linked data-based Slide Repository Episodic Keyword Networks Linked Data episodic memories social media life event.
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THE SINGULAR LIMIT OF SECOND-GRADE FLUID EQUATIONS IN A 2D EXTERIOR DOMAIN
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作者 游小光 臧爱彬 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第3期1333-1346,共14页
In this paper, we consider the second-grade fluid equations in a 2D exterior domain satisfying the non-slip boundary conditions. The second-grade fluid model is a wellknown non-Newtonian fluid model, with two paramete... In this paper, we consider the second-grade fluid equations in a 2D exterior domain satisfying the non-slip boundary conditions. The second-grade fluid model is a wellknown non-Newtonian fluid model, with two parameters: α, which represents the length-scale,while ν > 0 corresponds to the viscosity. We prove that, as ν, α tend to zero, the solution of the second-grade fluid equations with suitable initial data converges to the one of Euler equations, provided that ν = o(α^(4/3)). Moreover, the convergent rate is obtained. 展开更多
关键词 second-grade fluid equations Euler equations exterior domain singular limit
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The COVID-19 and the“European Solution”of Data-based Approach to Governance:Public Security or Data Protection?
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作者 刘洋 李益斌 NIU Huizi(Translated) 《The Journal of Human Rights》 2022年第3期483-503,共21页
To cope with the challenges of CoViD-19,europe has adopted relevant measures of a data-based approach to governance,on which scholars have huge differences,and the related researches are conducive to further discussio... To cope with the challenges of CoViD-19,europe has adopted relevant measures of a data-based approach to governance,on which scholars have huge differences,and the related researches are conducive to further discussion on the differences.By sorting out the challenges posed by the pandemic to public security and data protection in europe,we can summarize the“european Solution”of the data-based approach to governance,including legislation,instruments,supervision,international cooperation,and continuity.The“Solution”has curbed the spread of the pandemic to a certain extent.However,due to the influence of the traditional values of the EU,the“Solution”is too idealistic in the balance between public security and data protection,which intensifies the dilemma and causes many problems,such as ambiguous legislation,inadequate effectiveness and security of instruments,an arduous endeavor in inter national cooperation,and imperfect regulations on digital green certificates.Therefore,in a major public health crisis,there is still a long way to go in exploring a balance between public security and data protection. 展开更多
关键词 European solution data-based approach to governance data protection public security
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Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of SRUHSC⁃RC Frame Exterior Joints with Cyclic Loads
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作者 Wei Liu Jinqing Jia Jian Su 《Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series)》 CAS 2023年第3期32-44,共13页
SRUHSC⁃RC(Steel Reinforced Ultra High Strength Concrete⁃Reinforced Concrete)structures are used extensively in super high⁃rise buildings.However,it has obvious brittleness.Wrapping structural steel inside is a good wa... SRUHSC⁃RC(Steel Reinforced Ultra High Strength Concrete⁃Reinforced Concrete)structures are used extensively in super high⁃rise buildings.However,it has obvious brittleness.Wrapping structural steel inside is a good way to alleviate the brittleness problem.The purpose of this study is to investigate seismic behavior of SRUHSC⁃RC exterior joints on the basis of experimental results of eleven specimens under the reversed cyclic loading.The relationship among the force⁃displacement curve,ductility,energy dissipation property,strength degradation,stiffness degradation,the strains of steel bone and stirrup at the core area of the joint were analyzed based on the test results.It is shown that axial compression ratio and stirrup volumetric ratio have significant effects on the shear behavior of SRUHSC⁃RC frame exterior joints.The general requirement on the axial⁃load level and the amount of confinement stirrup for the joints in the design is suggested. 展开更多
关键词 exterior joints STEEL ultra⁃high strength DUCTILITY shear resistance
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杨燕教授从肺论治儿童功能性便秘的临床经验 被引量:1
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作者 杜丽娜 杨燕 《中国医药导报》 CAS 2024年第5期152-155,共4页
儿童功能性便秘约占小儿便秘的95%以上,是小儿消化系统的常见病,病程迁延易对儿童的身心健康产生严重影响。文章总结杨燕教授治疗儿童功能性便秘的临床经验。杨燕教授认为便秘的病机主要是大肠的传导功能失常,但与肺脏密切相关。肺与大... 儿童功能性便秘约占小儿便秘的95%以上,是小儿消化系统的常见病,病程迁延易对儿童的身心健康产生严重影响。文章总结杨燕教授治疗儿童功能性便秘的临床经验。杨燕教授认为便秘的病机主要是大肠的传导功能失常,但与肺脏密切相关。肺与大肠相表里,肺气亏虚或肺气郁闭,宣肃失职,气机不畅,津液疏布失常,肺热移于大肠,肠失濡润,均可导致便秘发生。从肺论治,临证采用塞因塞用之法补气启闭治虚秘,提壶揭盖之法理肺通腑治实秘,同时重视良好的饮食结构及日常护理,临床疗效显著。附验案1则以佐证。 展开更多
关键词 功能性便秘 肺与大肠相表里 临床经验
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基于“心肠合治法”论乌梅丸 被引量:1
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作者 王珏 马传琦 闫曙光 《辽宁中医药大学学报》 CAS 2024年第3期61-65,共5页
“心肠合治法”理论起源可追溯至《黄帝内经》,阐释了心与小肠在生理和病理上的相互影响,近年来,研究者多从“颅脑肠脑说”“心与肠道菌群说”“肠道菌群-脑-肠轴”等方面进行研究,证实了“心与小肠相表里”学说的科学性,从而也证明了... “心肠合治法”理论起源可追溯至《黄帝内经》,阐释了心与小肠在生理和病理上的相互影响,近年来,研究者多从“颅脑肠脑说”“心与肠道菌群说”“肠道菌群-脑-肠轴”等方面进行研究,证实了“心与小肠相表里”学说的科学性,从而也证明了“心肠合治法”在临床中的可行性、重要性。该文中“心”即心、脑、血脉,包括现代医学中的心血管系统、神经系统等,“肠”即小肠,包括消化系统中的十二指肠、空肠、回肠等。“心肠合治法”是一种很重要但未被重视起来的治疗思路,而乌梅丸即“心肠合治法”的代表方剂,在临床中常被用来治疗心系与肠系病。故该文就“心肠合治法”理论渊源、现代研究机制及其临床运用的研究概况进行探讨,以期从更多角度探究乌梅丸的配伍规律及临床应用。 展开更多
关键词 心肠合治 心与小肠相表里 乌梅丸
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配筋PVA-钢混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料梁柱边节点抗震性能试验研究 被引量:1
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作者 韩建平 包有乾 许继祥 《工程抗震与加固改造》 北大核心 2024年第2期138-145,178,共9页
改善工程材料韧性和耐久性,提高框架梁柱节点抵抗变形和破坏的能力,是提高框架结构抗震韧性的有效途径之一。采用PVA-钢混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料代替普通混凝土应用到梁柱边节点,考虑轴压比和加密区体积配箍率的影响,设计6个配筋PVA... 改善工程材料韧性和耐久性,提高框架梁柱节点抵抗变形和破坏的能力,是提高框架结构抗震韧性的有效途径之一。采用PVA-钢混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料代替普通混凝土应用到梁柱边节点,考虑轴压比和加密区体积配箍率的影响,设计6个配筋PVA-钢混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料、1个配筋单掺PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料和1个钢筋混凝土梁柱边节点试件进行拟静力试验,分析其破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性、耗能能力、钢筋应变和梁端塑性铰区转角,探讨混杂纤维的加入对梁柱边节点抗震性能的影响。结果表明:与钢筋混凝土节点和单掺PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料节点相比,PVA-钢混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料节点的承载力高、变形能力大、延性好、耗能能力强,抗震性能显著提升。当试验轴压比从0.12增加到0.24,梁端塑性铰区产生一定的外移,塑性性能发挥更充分,同时试件的变形能力、延性、耗能能力增加。在加密区体积配箍率减小的情况下,试件仍表现出良好的抗震性能。 展开更多
关键词 梁柱边节点 PVA-钢HyFRCC 轴压比 体积配箍率 抗震性能
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模卡砌块组合保温墙体热工性能及其经济性分析
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作者 苏波 于晓雪 +2 位作者 蔡青峰 王云轩 范旭红 《江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 2024年第2期80-86,共7页
随着超低能耗建筑、近零能耗及零能耗建筑的发展,新型外墙围护结构引起广泛地研究和重视.模卡砌块作为一种新型外墙自保温技术,开始在上海、江苏等国内一些发达地区被试点和应用,但目前暂无相应规范指导,其热工性能及经济性仍缺乏系统... 随着超低能耗建筑、近零能耗及零能耗建筑的发展,新型外墙围护结构引起广泛地研究和重视.模卡砌块作为一种新型外墙自保温技术,开始在上海、江苏等国内一些发达地区被试点和应用,但目前暂无相应规范指导,其热工性能及经济性仍缺乏系统性研究.文中以夏热冬冷地区某公共建筑为例,采用DeST能耗模拟软件,建立了传统外保温墙体、模卡砌块组合保温墙体三维分析模型,研究了膨胀聚苯板、岩棉板、聚氨酯板、挤塑聚苯板4种不同类型保温材料及6种不同厚度(30、50、70、90、110、130 mm)下模卡砌块组合保温墙体的热工性能.进一步,采用净现值法,对不同工况下的砌块组合保温墙体进行了经济性分析.研究表明:在相同外墙保温厚度下,聚氨酯板的保温效果最佳;不同保温材料厚度对应的净现值都呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,结合净现值和节能率,其最优厚度分别为70、70、40、60 mm,对应的节能率分别在达到我国建筑节能65%的标准上再降低7.08%、6.81%、5.1%、6.5%. 展开更多
关键词 外墙保温 墙体构造 DEST软件 最优厚度 净现值
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外窗节能设计与集成技术
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作者 王健 沈哲 孙王虎 《建筑技术》 2024年第9期1059-1063,共5页
建筑外窗作为建筑围护构件中最不节能的部件,包括传热系数(U值)、可见光透射率(T_(vis))、太阳热增益系数(S_(HGC))等在内的光热性能指标直接影响了建筑的能耗。为了更加全面地了解建筑外窗节能设计的关键技术,通过数据库资料详细梳理... 建筑外窗作为建筑围护构件中最不节能的部件,包括传热系数(U值)、可见光透射率(T_(vis))、太阳热增益系数(S_(HGC))等在内的光热性能指标直接影响了建筑的能耗。为了更加全面地了解建筑外窗节能设计的关键技术,通过数据库资料详细梳理了前人的相关研究成果。研究发现:窗墙比、建筑遮阳、窗框、窗玻璃、气密性等是影响建筑外窗节能的关键要素;集成技术在外窗节能设计方面具有明显的优越性,能够极大提高外窗的节能效率;人的行为方式对外窗节能效率也会产生较大的影响。 展开更多
关键词 建筑外窗 节能设计 集成技术
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加气混凝土复合保温外墙板连接节点试验研究
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作者 赵全斌 胡浩南 +2 位作者 张凌宇 苗纪奎 李烨 《新型建筑材料》 2024年第2期87-91,共5页
通过对钢管锚节点、套筒节点和新型F型节点进行的6组加气混凝土板四分点加载节点极限承载力试验,分析不同板厚下3种节点的节点强度、节点刚度等性能指标。研究表明:新型F型节点力学性能良好,连接可靠,节点极限承载力随板厚增加而增大。... 通过对钢管锚节点、套筒节点和新型F型节点进行的6组加气混凝土板四分点加载节点极限承载力试验,分析不同板厚下3种节点的节点强度、节点刚度等性能指标。研究表明:新型F型节点力学性能良好,连接可靠,节点极限承载力随板厚增加而增大。新型F型节点可较好地适用在加气混凝土复合保温外墙板体系中。 展开更多
关键词 加气混凝土 外墙板 连接节点 承载力实验 力学性能
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基于“肺与大肠相表里”探析血管内皮细胞与肠道菌群的关联
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作者 安冬 梁永林 +3 位作者 赵思晨 赵芸慧 刘中唐 裴晓丽 《中国中医药图书情报杂志》 2024年第1期22-26,共5页
肠道菌群及其代谢物失调对内皮细胞损伤和功能障碍具有重要影响。中医“肺”与血管内皮细胞在结构、生理及病理方面具有相关性。中医学“肺与大肠相表里”理论是肺与肠在结构、生理及病理方面相关性的高度概括,可作为血管内皮细胞与肠... 肠道菌群及其代谢物失调对内皮细胞损伤和功能障碍具有重要影响。中医“肺”与血管内皮细胞在结构、生理及病理方面具有相关性。中医学“肺与大肠相表里”理论是肺与肠在结构、生理及病理方面相关性的高度概括,可作为血管内皮细胞与肠道菌群相关联的理论基础。本文可为以肠道菌群为切入点、修复血管内皮细胞损伤干预心血管疾病的实验研究提供理论依据,并为中医药临床治疗相关疾病提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 内皮细胞 动脉粥样硬化 肠道菌群 肺与大肠相表里
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安徽省典型超低能耗居住建筑外墙材料全生命周期碳排放测算
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作者 沈念俊 周静娜 +1 位作者 李浩瀚 庙诗祥 《绿色建筑》 CAS 2024年第5期129-134,共6页
通过调研安徽省的超低能耗居住建筑,总结出常用的保温形式和保温材料,结合实际项目,得出7种典型外墙构造。从全生命周期角度,对这7种外墙构造在建材生产阶段、建材运输阶段、外墙施工阶段、外墙维护阶段、外墙拆除阶段的碳排放量进行测... 通过调研安徽省的超低能耗居住建筑,总结出常用的保温形式和保温材料,结合实际项目,得出7种典型外墙构造。从全生命周期角度,对这7种外墙构造在建材生产阶段、建材运输阶段、外墙施工阶段、外墙维护阶段、外墙拆除阶段的碳排放量进行测算。结果表明:建材生产阶段的碳排放量占比最大,达到总碳排放量的70%以上;装配式比非装配式的总碳排放量降低6%左右;内外复合保温外墙的总碳排放量最大,比“夹心保温+外保温外墙”的碳排放量高18%以上,比外保温外墙的碳排放量高11%以上;不同的保温材料和墙体材料对外墙的总碳排放量影响较小。通过分析比较,得出碳排放最优的外墙构造,从建材角度为降碳提供依据和方法。 展开更多
关键词 超低能耗居住建筑 外墙材料 全生命周期 碳排放
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一种填料优化改性的建筑外墙密封胶性能研究
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作者 张鹏 《粘接》 CAS 2024年第9期1-4,共4页
密封胶的质量与性能对装配式建筑外墙接缝处理具有直接影响,利用密封胶填补接缝,可以防止水分渗透,避免结构材料的破坏,从而延长建筑物的使用寿命。研究制备一种装配式建筑外墙接缝用改性密封胶,将其用于装配式建筑外墙接缝过程,为装配... 密封胶的质量与性能对装配式建筑外墙接缝处理具有直接影响,利用密封胶填补接缝,可以防止水分渗透,避免结构材料的破坏,从而延长建筑物的使用寿命。研究制备一种装配式建筑外墙接缝用改性密封胶,将其用于装配式建筑外墙接缝过程,为装配式建筑外墙提供加固支撑。通过进行装配式建筑伸缩缝的嵌缝处理,完成装配式建筑伸缩缝的养护后,对伸缩缝粘接性能、硬度性能、拉伸性能进行测试。实验发现,在碳酸钙填料的质量分数占比2.5%时,制备得到的改性密封胶具有最佳的力学性能和加固性能等,更适用于装配式建筑外墙接缝的实际应用。 展开更多
关键词 装配式建筑 外墙接缝 密封胶 填料优化改性
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薄型中空玻璃与发展路径和方向
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作者 孙诗兵 陈福 +2 位作者 张凡 金晓冬 刘成雄 《中国建材科技》 CAS 2024年第1期27-29,共3页
减薄中空玻璃材料及中空玻璃整体厚度均属于薄型中空玻璃的范畴。薄型中空玻璃可实现节材、节能和节碳多重效益。本文简析了薄型中空玻璃主要种类、制作、成本状况和发展趋势。中置薄玻璃中空玻璃具有产业化基础和成本优势,转型发展具... 减薄中空玻璃材料及中空玻璃整体厚度均属于薄型中空玻璃的范畴。薄型中空玻璃可实现节材、节能和节碳多重效益。本文简析了薄型中空玻璃主要种类、制作、成本状况和发展趋势。中置薄玻璃中空玻璃具有产业化基础和成本优势,转型发展具有广阔前景。中置膜材料中空玻璃和真空玻璃复合中空玻璃薄型化程度高,具有良好的适应性发展趋势。气凝胶中空玻璃作为未来发展方向,在采光为目的的围护结构中有应用优势。 展开更多
关键词 中空玻璃 薄型 建筑外窗 建筑节能
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基于色彩地理学理论的城市有轨电车涂装设计研究——以成都市有轨电车为例
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作者 张耀 杨智荣 《设计》 2024年第9期143-146,共4页
为了提升有轨电车涂装传达城市地域文化的效果。引用色彩地理学理论及方法,通过辨识、提取、测色记录、转译、编谱的步骤分析具有城市特征的色彩,并应用到有轨电车设计流程中。以成都市有轨电车为设计实践案例,得到三套色彩涂装方案,并... 为了提升有轨电车涂装传达城市地域文化的效果。引用色彩地理学理论及方法,通过辨识、提取、测色记录、转译、编谱的步骤分析具有城市特征的色彩,并应用到有轨电车设计流程中。以成都市有轨电车为设计实践案例,得到三套色彩涂装方案,并且在10名乘客对方案的语义评价中获得认可。表明色彩地理学理论及方法可以为城市有轨电车涂装设计提供指导作用,提高城市有轨电车涂装设计的综合质量。 展开更多
关键词 有轨电车 外观设计 色彩涂装 色彩地理学 地域文化 城市色彩
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